Long-term aerobic exercise enhances interoception and reduces symptoms of depression and anxiety in physically inactive young adults: A randomized controlled trial.

Physical exercise offers many health benefits, with substantial evidence supporting its positive impact on affective symptoms. An intriguing yet underexplored mechanism associated with this effect is the enhancement of interoception-the ability to perceive internal bodily sensations. We investigated the effects of long-term aerobic exercise on interoceptive accuracy (IAcc), interoceptive confidence (ICon) and symptoms of depression and anxiety.

Cardiovascular Exercise Improves Inhibitory Control in Sedentary Young Adults: A 12-Week Randomized Controlled Trial.

Purpose: Physical exercise may enhance cognitive functions, including inhibitory control. Despite increasing evidence, there remains a need for robust evidence on long-term interventions targeting inhibition in healthy, sedentary young adults. We investigated the effects of a 12-week cardiovascular exercise program on this population's behavioral and neuroelectric measures of inhibitory control.

Maximal Intensity Exercise Induces Adipokine Secretion and Disrupts Prooxidant-Antioxidant Balance in Young Men with Different Body Composition.

Maximal physical effort induces a disturbance in the body's energy homeostasis and causes oxidative stress. The aim of the study was to determine whether prooxidant-antioxidant balance disturbances and the secretion of adipokines regulating metabolism, induced by maximal intensity exercise, are dependent on body composition in young, healthy, non-obese individuals. We determined changes in the concentration of advanced protein oxidation products (AOPP), markers of oxidative damage to nucleic acids (DNA/RNA/ox), and lipid peroxidation (LPO); catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, as well as concentrations of visfatin, leptin, resistin, adiponectin, asprosin, and irisin in the blood before and after maximal intensity exercise in men with above-average muscle mass (NFAT-HLBM), above-average fat mass (HFAT-NLBM), and with average body composition (NFAT-NLBM).

Effects of concurrent heat and hypoxic training on cycling anaerobic capacity in men.

Physical training in heat or hypoxia can improve physical performance. The purpose of this parallel group study was to investigate the concurrent effect of training performed simultaneously in heat (31 °C) and hypoxia (FIO = 14.4%) on anaerobic capacity in young men.

Effect of regular winter swimming on blood morphological, rheological, and biochemical indicators and activity of antioxidant enzymes in males.

Background: Exposure of the human body to cold water triggers numerous beneficial physiological changes. The study aimed to assess the impact of regular winter swimming on blood morphological, rheological, and biochemical indicators and activity of antioxidant enzymes in males.

Methods: The study involved 10 male winter swimmers (the same participants examined before the season and after the season) and 13 males (not winter swimming, leading a sedentary lifestyle) in the control group.

No effects of post-activation performance enhancement in elite male volleyball players under complex training.

The aim of this study was to establish reliability of post-activation performance enhancement in three manners: (1) interday morning and afternoon reliability; (2) intraday morning and afternoon reliability; (3) intraday set-to-set reliability. Twelve elite male volleyball players experienced in resistance training performed four identical experimental sessions-two in the morning and two in the afternoon. During each session participants performed a mini complex training session-three sets of a conditioning activity (CA) (3 repetitions of a trap bar deadlift at 80% 1RM with 15% of accommodating resistance) and 90 s after a CA performed squat jump (SJ) with 4 min intra-set rest interval.

Acute effects of multi-ingredient pre-workout dietary supplement on anaerobic performance in untrained men: a randomized, crossover, single blind study.

Background: Multi-ingredient pre-workout dietary supplements (MIPS), which are combinations of different ingredients acting on different physiological mechanisms, can have a synergistic effect and improve performance. The aim of the study was to determine the acute effects of a multi-ingredient pre-workout supplement containing: beta-alanine, taurine, caffeine, L-tyrosine, and cayenne pepper (capsaicin) on anaerobic performance.

Methods: A randomized, crossover, single-blind study was designed.

Blood Morphological and Biochemical Indicator Characteristics in Men Performing Different Physical Activities in the Cold-A Preliminary Report.

This descriptive study determined whether winter swimming (WS) and outdoor amateur running (RUN) affect blood morphological and biochemical indicators in men during midseason winter swimming from November to April. There were three groups of participants, with 10 male amateurs each: RUN + WS, WS, and control. The research was performed in the middle of the winter swimming season of 2020/2021.

Exercise-induced effects on asprosin and indices of atherogenicity and insulin resistance in males with metabolic syndrome: a randomized controlled trial.

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) development is associated with insulin resistance and obesity, with the progression of visceral adipose tissue playing a crucial role. Excessive adipose tissue is accompanied by an increase in the asprosin (ASP), which is responsible for carbohydrate metabolism and the regulation of hunger and satiety. Exercise affects the release of ASP, which may regulate metabolism accordingly.

Accommodating resistance is more effective than free weight resistance to induce post-activation performance enhancement in squat jump performance after a short rest interval.

Background/objectives: Prior work regarding post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) has shown that various resistance training methods and conditioning activities may induce a PAPE effect such as free weight resistance, accommodating resistance or isoinertial resistance. However, the accommodating resistance and other types of resistance have rarely been directly compared. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare the effects of two different conditioning activities (CA) - a trap bar deadlift with (FW + AR condition) or without (FW condition) accommodating resistance - on subsequent squat jump (SJ) performance after a short rest interval of 90s.

Oxygen uptake kinetics and biological age in relation to pulling force and 400-m front crawl performance in young swimmers.

The study aimed to assess differences in the biological age () of 13-year-old swimmers and show their ability, as biologically younger- or older-, to develop fast 60-s oxygen uptake () kinetics and tethered swimming strength. Furthermore, the interplay between swimming strength, , and 400-m front crawl race performance was examined. The study involved 36 competitive young male swimmers (metrical age: 12.

Resting metabolic rate is increased after a series of whole body vibration in young men.

Resting metabolic rate (RMR) is the largest component of total energy expenditure and increasing it can be of great importance in reducing excess body fatness. Whole body vibration (WBV) can affect energy expenditure during single session of WBV, but the effects of repeated WBV on resting metabolic rate have not been reported. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether a series of WBV would increase resting metabolism in young men.

Effects of Vibrotherapy with Different Characteristics and Body Position on Post-Exercise Recovery after Anaerobic Exercise.

The aim of this project was to indicate the optimal parameters such as frequency, duration of a single vibrotherapy, and body position, which will be used as a form of recovery modality after physical exercise. Sixteen healthy male volunteers were involved in this study. The aerobic and anaerobic capacity of participants was assessed.

Exercise-Induced Alternations of Adiponectin, Interleukin-8 and Indicators of Carbohydrate Metabolism in Males with Metabolic Syndrome.

Adiponectin (ADIPO) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) are proteins that play a significant, albeit opposing, role in metabolic syndrome (MetS). The reported data on the effect of physical activity on the levels of these hormones in the population of people with MetS are conflicting. The aim of the study was to evaluate the changes in hormone concentrations, insulin-resistance indices and body composition after two types of training.

The effect of sulfur baths on hemorheological properties of blood in patients with osteoarthritis.

Balneotherapy is an effective treatment method in various diseases and commonly used treatment modality among patients with musculoskeletal disorders. Sulfur baths are known for healing properties however effect on rheological properties is unstudied. Thus the aim of our study was to determine the effect of sulfur balneotherapy on hemorheological blood indices.

Impact of Two Types of Exercise Interventions on Leptin and Omentin Concentrations and Indicators of Lipid and Carbohydrate Metabolism in Males with Metabolic Syndrome.

Leptin (LEP) and omentin (OMEN) are proteins whose concentrations change with the development of the metabolic syndrome (MetS). There are few intervention studies using various forms of physical activity in people with MetS that aim to determine the impact of physical exercise on the fluctuations of the presented hormones, and their results are contradictory. The present study aimed to examine the effect of two types of exercise intervention on LEP and OMEN concentrations and indicators of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in males with MetS.

Post-activation effects of accommodating resistance and different rest intervals on vertical jump performance in strength trained males.

Background: Post-activation potentiation performance (PAPE) is a physiological phenomenon that has been studied numerously but the researchers are still seeking for the optimal application methods. The accommodating resistance was found to be an effective training method to acutely enhance subsequent explosive performance. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of performing a trap bar deadlift with accommodating resistance on squat jump (SJ) performance with different rest intervals (90, 120, 150s).

Do Highly Trained Mountain Runners Differ from Recreational Active Non-Runners on Range of Motion and Strength in the Hip and Ankle as Well as Postural Control?

The rules governing mountain running force athletes to implement into their training programmes uphill and downhill running on unstable surfaces, which are demanding for hip and ankle as well as for the postural control system. The aim of the present cross-sectional study was to compare highly trained mountain runners (MR) and recreational active non-runners (NR) on range of motion (ROM) and strength in the hip and ankle, as well as dynamic postural control. Thirty MR and thirty-two NR were included in the study.

Effect of Exercise Interventions on Irisin and Interleukin-6 Concentrations and Indicators of Carbohydrate Metabolism in Males with Metabolic Syndrome.

Irisin (IR) is a biomarker that is associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, the available evidence on the association of IR, physical activity, and MetS status are contradictory. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of exercise intervention on IR and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels and indicators of carbohydrate metabolism in males with MetS.

Modeling Physiological Predictors of Running Velocity for Endurance Athletes.

: Properly performed training is a matter of importance for endurance athletes (EA). It allows for achieving better results and safer participation. Recently, the development of machine learning methods has been observed in sports diagnostics.

Effect of Intermittent Hypoxic Training on Selected Biochemical Indicators, Blood Rheological Properties, and Metabolic Activity of Erythrocytes in Rowers.

The study assessed the effect of 3-week intermittent hypoxic training on blood biochemical indicators (blood morphology, fibrinogen), blood rheological properties (erythrocyte deformability, aggregation), erythrocyte enzymatic activity (acetylcholinesterase), and maximal oxygen uptake in competitive rowers. Fourteen male rowers were divided into two equal groups: experimental, training on ergometers under normobaric hypoxia (FiO = 16.0%), and control, training on ergometers under normoxia (FiO = 21%).