Cell cycle-coupled transcriptional network orchestrates human B cell fate bifurcation.

Antibody responses are determined by activated B cells bifurcating into plasmablasts (PBs) and germinal center B cells (GCBCs). Gene regulatory networks (GRNs) underlying human B cell fate choice remain uncharted. Temporally resolved single-cell multi-omics, computational modeling and CRISPR-based perturbations were used to assemble, simulate and test high-resolution GRNs underlying PB and GC fates.

Updating high-resolution image dataset for the automatic classification of phenological stage and identification of racemes in spp. hybrids with expanded images and annotations.

This dataset is an expanded version of a previously published collection of high-resolution RGB images of genotypes, initially designed to facilitate automated classification of phenological stages and raceme identification in forage breeding trials. The original dataset included 2400 images of 200 genotypes captured under controlled conditions, supporting the development of computer vision models for High-Throughput Phenotyping (HTP). In this updated release, 139 additional images and 24,983 new annotations have been added, bringing the dataset to a total of 2539 images and 47,323 raceme annotations.

High-resolution image dataset for the automatic classification of phenological stage and identification of racemes in spp. hybrids.

grasses are widely used forages in the Neotropics and are gaining importance in other regions due to their role in meeting the increasing global demand for sustainable agricultural practices. High-throughput phenotyping (HTP) is important for accelerating breeding programs focused on improving forage and seed yield. While RGB imaging has been used for HTP of vegetative traits, the assessment of phenological stages and seed yield using image analysis remains unexplored in this genus.

Tolerance to spittlebugs () in spp. and grasses: A dataset for plant damage phenotyping.

This dataset results from controlled experiments that assess the tolerance of spp. and grasses to nymphal and adult spittlebug damage, particularly from , which significantly impacts forage production in Neotropical regions. Data were collected under standardized conditions using high-throughput phenotyping methods, integrating image-capture techniques and analyses to ensure precise and consistent data acquisition.

Silvopastoral systems benefit invertebrate biodiversity on tropical livestock farms in Caquetá, Colombia.

In the Colombian Amazon, there has been long-term and sustained loss of primary forest threatening biodiversity and climate change mitigation. Silvopastoral practices that integrate trees into livestock production could help address both local economic and wider environmental challenges.We aimed to assess the effects of silvopastoral practices on invertebrate communities on smallholder farms in Caquetá, Colombia.

Flow Cytometry-Based Determination of Ploidy from Dried Leaf Specimens in Genomically Complex Collections of the Tropical Forage Grass s. l.

(including , and some ) tropical grasses are native to Africa and are now, after selection and breeding, planted worldwide, particularly in South America, as important forages with huge potential for further sustainable improvement and conservation of grasslands. We aimed to develop an optimized approach to determine ploidy of germplasm collection of this tropical forage grass group using dried leaf material, including approaches to collect, dry and preserve plant samples for flow cytometry analysis. Our methods enable robust identification of ploidy levels (coefficient of variation of G0/G1 peaks, CV, typically <5%).

Global data on earthworm abundance, biomass, diversity and corresponding environmental properties.

Earthworms are an important soil taxon as ecosystem engineers, providing a variety of crucial ecosystem functions and services. Little is known about their diversity and distribution at large spatial scales, despite the availability of considerable amounts of local-scale data. Earthworm diversity data, obtained from the primary literature or provided directly by authors, were collated with information on site locations, including coordinates, habitat cover, and soil properties.

Genetic Improvement of for Wine Fermentation: Eliminating Recessive Growth-Retarding Alleles and Obtaining New Mutants Resistant to SO, Ethanol, and High CO Pressure.

The use of has been repeatedly proposed to improve a wine's organoleptic quality. This yeast has lower efficiency in completing wine fermentation than since it has less fermentation capability and greater sensitivity to SO, ethanol, and CO pressure. Therefore, the completion of fermentation is not guaranteed when must or wine is single-inoculated with .

Global distribution of earthworm diversity.

Soil organisms, including earthworms, are a key component of terrestrial ecosystems. However, little is known about their diversity, their distribution, and the threats affecting them. We compiled a global dataset of sampled earthworm communities from 6928 sites in 57 countries as a basis for predicting patterns in earthworm diversity, abundance, and biomass.

Phenotyping Brachiaria Genotypes to Assess Rhizoctonia Resistance by Comparing Three Inoculum Types.

Rhizoctonia foliar blight, caused by Rhizoctonia solani, is an important disease of Brachiaria spp. in tropical America. Host-plant resistance is an attractive option for disease management.

Influence of the dominance of must fermentation by Torulaspora delbrueckii on the malolactic fermentation and organoleptic quality of red table wine.

Torulaspora delbrueckii can improve wine aroma complexity, but its impact on wine quality is still far from being satisfactory at the winery level, mainly because it is easily replaced by S. cerevisiae yeasts during must fermentation. New T.

Effects of new Torulaspora delbrueckii killer yeasts on the must fermentation kinetics and aroma compounds of white table wine.

Torulaspora delbrueckii is becoming widely recommended for improving some specific characteristics of wines. However, its impact on wine quality is still far from satisfactory at the winery level, mostly because it is easily replaced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae-like yeasts during must fermentation. New T.

The bud midge Prodiplosis longifila: Damage characteristics, potential distribution and presence on a new crop host in Colombia.

The Dipteran Prodiplosis longifila is a severe pest, mainly of Solanaceae, in South America and some years ago it damaged Tahiti lime crops in the United States. It is a potential invasive pest. Despite its presence in Colombia, nothing is known regarding the taxonomic identification of P.

Dental Bleaching Techniques; Hydrogen-carbamide Peroxides and Light Sources for Activation, an Update. Mini Review Article.

Hydrogen and carbamide peroxides have been successfully used for many years; in the past century the dental bleaching technique suffered several changes and almost 10 years before new millennium the technique was finally recognized by the international agencies of regulation. It is important that Dentists handle the peroxides with the essential knowledge, because it is demonstrated that satisfactory final results of this technique depend on the correct diagnosis of stains, management of the substrates (enamel and dentin) and as well sensitivity. Dentists are exposed to several dental bleaching techniques, products and brands, and in the last 2 decades the devices for light activation of the peroxides have become an extensive catalog.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the ampulla of Vater with osteoclastic giant cells, osteoid-like matrix deposition, and aneurysmal bone cyst-like features.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors are a heterogeneous group with a wide spectrum of histologic features. We describe the first case of 61-year-old woman who presented gastrointestinal stromal tumors of the ampulla of Vater with osteoclast-like giant cells surrounding osteoid-like material and aneurismal bone cyst-like areas. The phenotype was supported by light microscopy and corroborated by immunohistochemistry analysis.

Dependence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Golgi functions on V-ATPase activity.

The V-ATPase of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an ATP-dependent proton pump responsible for acidification of the vacuole and other internal compartments including the whole secretory pathway. We have studied the behavior of several glycoprotein processing reactions occurring in different Golgi compartments of representative vmaΔ mutants. We found that outer chain initiation is not altered in the mutants while mannosylphosphate transfer, α(1,3)-linked mannoses addition, and α factor maturation seem to be affected.

Standard YPD, even supplemented with extra nutrients, does not always compensate growth defects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae auxotrophic strains.

Conventional complex media are routinely used to grow auxotrophic strains under the assumption that they can compensate the latter's nutritional deficiencies. We here demonstrate that this is not always true. This study compares the growth parameters of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S288C) and its derived auxotrophic strains FY1679-14C and BY4741 in synthetic minimal medium (SD), standard YPD medium from two of the most commonly used suppliers, or modified YPD medium.

Identification of the MNN3 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

The MNN3 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been identified as a synonym of VPS74. We have compared phenotype characteristics of the original mnn3 mutant, including low dye binding phenotype, size of external invertase, clump formation, and sodium orthovanadate resistance and found these to be identical to those shown by vps74Δ. Mating of both haploid strains resulted in non-complementation of mutant phenotypes.

Genome-wide expression profile of the mnn2 Delta mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

The MNN2 gene of S. cerevisiae encodes an alpha (1,2) mannosyl transferase required for branching the outer chain of N-linked oligosaccharides (Rayner J.C.

A genome-wide screen for Saccharomyces cerevisiae nonessential genes involved in mannosyl phosphate transfer to mannoprotein-linked oligosaccharides.

A collection of haploid Saccharomyces cerevisiae deletion strains--both MAT a and alpha--was screened for mutants that exhibit low dye binding (ldb) phenotype. This phenotype has previously been associated with reduced incorporation of mannosyl phosphate groups into the mannoprotein-linked oligosaccharides. We identified 199 nonessential genes whose deletion resulted in a detectable ldb phenotype.

Identification of low-dye-binding (ldb) mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

We have completed the identification of Saccharomyces cerevisiae genes that are defective in previously isolated ldb (low-dye-binding) mutants. This was done by complementation of the mutant's phenotype with DNA fragments from a genomic library and by running standard tests of allelism with single-gene deletion mutants of similar phenotype. The results were as follows: LDB2 is allelic to ERD1; LDB4 to SPC72; LDB5 to RLR1; LDB6 to GON7/YJL184W; LDB7 to YBL006C; LDB9 to ELM1; LDB10 to CWH36; LDB11 to COG1; LDB12 to OCH1; LDB13 to VAN1; LDB14 to BUD32; and LDB15 to PHO85.