Tailoring hydrogen storage performance of Mg-MgNi alloys: synergistic effects of composition and phase formation with first-principles insights.

This work investigates the impact of Mg/Ni atomic ratios (75 : 25 and 66.7 : 33.3) on the formation of MgNi phases and their hydrogen storage performance.

Hydrogel Conjugation: Engineering of Hydrogels for Drug Delivery.

: Hydrogels are 3D networks of hydrophilic polymers with various biomedical applications, including tissue regeneration, wound healing, and localized drug delivery. Hydrogel conjugation links therapeutic agents to a hydrogel network, creating a delivery system with adjustable and flexible hydrogel properties and drug activity, allowing for controlled release and enhanced drug stability. Conjugating therapeutic agents to hydrogels provides innovative delivery formats, including injectable and sprayable dosage forms, which facilitate localized and long-lasting delivery.

Carboxylesterase Factors Influencing the Therapeutic Activity of Common Antiviral Medications Used for SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus responsible for COVID-19, remains a major global health threat. The virus enters host cells by binding to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. Several small-molecule antiviral drugs, including molnupiravir, favipiravir, remdesivir, and nirmatrelvir have been shown to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication and are approved for treating SARS-CoV-2 infections.

Effect of aspirin on small for gestational age neonates in pregnancies at high-risk for preeclampsia: a secondary analysis of a cluster randomised clinical trial.

Background: Data on the effect of 100-160 mg/day aspirin prophylaxis on small for gestational age neonates (SGA) in pregnancies at high-risk for preeclampsia (PE) is limited. We aimed to determine the impact of aspirin administration on the incidence of SGA.

Methods: This is a secondary analysis of a multicenter stepped wedge cluster-randomized trial included 18 maternity/diagnostic units across ten Asian regions between 1st August 2019 and 28th February 2022.

Impact of Aspirin on Timing of Birth in Pregnancies With Clinical Manifestations of Placental Dysfunction: Evidence From a Multicentre Randomised Clinical Trial.

Objective: To examine whether aspirin delays gestational age at delivery (GAD) in pregnancies with placental dysfunction (PD) phenotypes (preeclampsia [PE], small-for-gestational-age [SGA], placental abruption and/or stillbirth).

Design: A secondary analysis of a multicentre stepped-wedge cluster randomised trial.

Setting: 18 maternity/diagnostic units in Asia.

Crypto-coding technique based on polar code and secret key generated from wireless channel characteristics for wireless communication systems.

The crypto-coding technique is essential for modern digital wireless communications systems, allowing data encryption and channel coding to be performed in only one step without requiring additional hardware. This work proposes a crypto-coding technique combining polar codes with a secret key, which is derived from wireless channel characteristics, to boost the security and reliability characteristics of the systems. The secret key is divided into two parts, one is assigned to the frozen bits, and the other is XORed with the information bits.

An updated overview on long-acting therapeutics for the prevention and treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from a perspective of pharmaceutics.

Conventional drug formulations release active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) immediately after administration, while long-acting (LA) drug products are designed for prolonged therapeutic effects, thereby reducing administration frequency and improving patient compliance. The development of LA therapeutics for chronic disease treatment has significantly helped patients adhere to their regimens, reducing the need for daily doses and easing the burden on healthcare systems. Advances in treatment have transformed Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) into a manageable chronic disease, and efforts are underway to eliminate HIV in the future.

Combined Cell-Free DNA Screening for Aneuploidies and Selected Single-Gene Disorders for Pregnancies With Sonographically Detected Fetal Anomalies: Detection Rate and Residual Risk.

Objectives: To determine the additional detection rate (DR) and the residual risk (RR) of combined cell-free DNA (cfDNA) screening for aneuploidies (not including copy number variants) and 25 dominant single-gene disorders (SGD) in pregnancies with sonographic abnormalities.

Method: One hundred sixteen singleton pregnant women with abnormal fetal ultrasounds from week 12 were included in the study. They underwent combined cfDNA analysis, while exome sequencing and karyotyping were performed as reference standards.

Ionic liquids and their potential use in development and improvement of drug delivery systems: evidence of their tendency to promote drug accumulation in the brain.

Ionic liquids (ILs) are considered salt in liquid state, which is composed of organic cations and anions with low melting points (<100 °C). ILs have become a major scientific area with an extensive range of applications including chemistry, electrochemistry, and pharmaceutics. ILs have received great research interest in the pharmaceutical field as solvents, anti-solvents, co-solvents, and reagents in synthesis and formulation.

Polysaccharide-based emulsion gels for the prevention of postoperative adhesions and as a drug delivery system using 5-fluorouracil.

Postoperative tissue adhesion is a well-recognized and common complication. Despite ongoing developments in anti-adhesion agents, complete prevention remains a challenge in clinical practice. Colorectal cancer necessitates both adhesion prevention and postoperative chemotherapy.

Implementation of First-Trimester Screening and Prevention of Preeclampsia: A Stepped Wedge Cluster-Randomized Trial in Asia.

Background: This trial aimed to assess the efficacy, acceptability, and safety of a first-trimester screen-and-prevent strategy for preterm preeclampsia in Asia.

Methods: Between August 1, 2019, and February 28, 2022, this multicenter stepped wedge cluster randomized trial included maternity/diagnostic units from 10 regions in Asia. The trial started with a period where all recruiting centers provided routine antenatal care without study-related intervention.

Oral Drug Delivery via Intestinal Lymphatic Transport Utilizing Lipid-Based Lyotropic Liquid Crystals.

Lyotropic liquid crystals (LLCs) are liquids that have crystalline structures. LLCs as drug delivery systems that can deliver hydrophobic, hydrophilic, and amphiphilic agents. Due to their unique phases and structures, LLCs can protect both small molecules and biologics from the gastrointestinal tract's harsh environment, thus making LLCs attractive as carriers for oral drug delivery.

DISC1 and reelin interact to alter cognition, inhibition, and neurogenesis in a novel mouse model of schizophrenia.

The etiology of schizophrenia (SCZ) is multifactorial, and depending on a host of genetic and environmental factors. Two putative SCZ susceptibility genes, Disrupted-in-Schizophrenia-1 (DISC1) and reelin (RELN), interact at a molecular level, suggesting that combined disruption of both may lead to an intensified SCZ phenotype. To examine this gene-gene interaction, we produced a double mutant mouse line.

Unbalanced Translocation in a Phenotypically Normal Male Patient Detected by Karyotyping and Array-comparative Genomic Hybridization.

Background: nbalanced translocations can cause developmental delay, intellectual disability, growth problems, dysmorphic features, and congenital anomalies Unbalanced chromosome rearrangements that are cytogenetically visible account for ~3% of all recognized chromosome abnormalities. A lot of unbalanced translocations have been reported.

Objective: Here, we present an individual who has an unbalanced translocation caused by deletion of the terminal region of chromosome 5p encompassing 170 kb coupled with a 11.

variants of dominant monogenic disorders in Vietnam detected by a noninvasive prenatal test: a case series.

Noninvasive prenatal tests for monogenic diseases (NIPT-SGG) have recently been reported as helpful in early-stage antenatal screening. Our study describes the clinical and genetic features of cases identified by NIPT-SGG. In a cohort pregnancy with abnormal sonograms, affected cases were confirmed by invasive diagnostic tests concurrently, with NIPT-SGG targeting 25 common dominant single-gene diseases.

Preparation and characterization of lysozyme loaded liposomal dry powder inhalation using non-ionic surfactants.

Delivering protein drugs through dry powder inhalation (DPI) remains a significant challenge. Liposomes offer a promising solution, providing protection for proteins from external environment and controlled release capabilities. Furthermore, the use of non-ionic surfactants plays a crucial role in protecting the activity of proteins because of how the surfactants positioning themselves at the liquid-gas interface during the spray-drying process.

Developing and validating noninvasive prenatal testing for autosomal dominant monogenic diseases in Vietnam.

Over 60% of single-gene diseases in newborns are autosomal dominant variants. Noninvasive prenatal testing for monogenic conditions (NIPT-SGG) is cost-effective and timesaving, but not widely applied. This study introduces and validates NIPT-SGG in detecting 25 monogenic conditions.

Use of artificial intelligence in forecasting glaucoma progression.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has been widely used in ophthalmology for disease detection and monitoring progression. For glaucoma research, AI has been used to understand progression patterns and forecast disease trajectory based on analysis of clinical and imaging data. Techniques such as machine learning, natural language processing, and deep learning have been employed for this purpose.

Synthesis of Celecoxib-Eutectic Mixture Particles via Supercritical CO Process and Celecoxib Immediate Release Tablet Formulation by Quality by Design Approach.

Significant improvements in the wettability and dissolution rate of celecoxib (CEL), a poorly soluble selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor, have been shown by Huyn et al., 2019 by combining the binary pharmaceutical compositions including CEL and one of the two co-formers, adipic acid (ADI) and saccharin (SAC), into eutectic mixtures (EM). In this study, we developed a therapeutic eutectic system for CEL which is a promising approach for oral delivery to enhance bioavailability.

A novel thermosensitive poloxamer-hyaluronic acid- kappa-carrageenan-based hydrogel anti-adhesive agent loaded with 5-fluorouracil: A preclinical study in Sprague-Dawley rats.

Although the first-choice treatment for colorectal cancer is cytoreductive surgery combined with chemotherapy, post-surgical peritoneal adhesion and extant malignancy can cause fatal complications. Studies examining hydrogel-based postoperative anti-adhesion treatments are still limited. In this study, several formulations of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) loaded into hyaluronic acid (HA) and kappa-carrageenan (kCGN)-poloxamer 407 (P407)-based cross-linked hydrogels were prepared and evaluated in vitro and in vivo for their efficacy in preventing adhesion.

Prenatal diagnosis of atrioventricular discordance with ventriculoarterial concordance by fetal echocardiography: A case report.

Objective: To report an extremely rare case of atrioventricular discordance and ventriculoarterial concordance associated with a ventricular septal defect which was diagnosed prenatally.

Case Report: By fetal echocardioraphy at 20 weeks' gestation, we diagnosed a rare case of atrioventricular discordance and ventriculoarterial concordance associated with a ventricular septal defect. This is the first case reported from Vietnam prenatally.

Formulation, Preparation, Characterization, and Evaluation of Dicarboxylic Ionic Liquid Donepezil Transdermal Patches.

Donepezil (DPZ) is generally administered orally to treat Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, oral administration can cause gastrointestinal side effects. Therefore, to enhance compliance, a new way to deliver DPZ from transdermal patch was developed.

Early Insights from Statistical and Mathematical Modeling of Key Epidemiologic Parameters of COVID-19.

We report key epidemiologic parameter estimates for coronavirus disease identified in peer-reviewed publications, preprint articles, and online reports. Range estimates for incubation period were 1.8-6.