Pediatric chronic cough: Allergies, environmental factors, and asthma-associated inflammation.

Background: Chronic cough (CC) is a common respiratory symptom in children, often linked to allergic conditions, environmental exposures, and potentially indicative of underlying asthma.

Objective: To investigate the relationships of CC in children with allergic predispositions, environmental exposures, and airway inflammatory markers.

Methods: A case-control study was conducted at a tertiary hospital.

The risk factors for asthma in adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To identify risk factors for asthma in adolescents and provide a reference for disease management.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, Web of science and Cochrane library were searched from inception to November 1st, 2024. The quality was evaluated by using the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality and the New Ottawa Scal.

Regulatory role of neuronal guidance proteins in spinal cord injury.

Spinal cord injury is a severe neurological condition with limited neuronal regeneration and functional recovery. Currently, no effective treatments exist to improve spinal cord injury prognosis. Neuronal guidance proteins are a diverse group of molecules that play crucial roles in axon and dendrite growth during nervous system development.

Epidemic patterns and the immunity levels in hospitalized patients with respiratory syncytial virus infection in 2019-2023.

Introduction: The epidemic pattern of the Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) has changed during the COVID-19 pandemic. To analyze the epidemic pattern of RSV infection and explore the fluctuations of immunity.

Methodology: Pediatric inpatients diagnosed with RSV infection or RSV pneumonia from January 2019 to August 2023 in a tertiary hospital were retrospectively included.

A systematic review and meta-analysis exploring the bidirectional association between asthma and gastroesophageal reflux disease in children.

Asthma is the most prevalent chronic respiratory disease in children, and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of its extraesophageal complications of asthma. Both conditions are commonly observed in pediatric outpatient clinics, but the causality between them in children is still debated. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the bidirectional association between asthma and GERD in children.

Plexin C1 influences immune response to intracellular LPS and survival in murine sepsis.

Background: Intracellular sensing of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is essential for the immune response against gram-negative bacteria and results in activation of caspase-11 and pyroptotic cell death with fatal consequences in sepsis. We found the neuronal guidance receptor plexin C1 (PLXNC1) influences the intracellular response to LPS.

Methods: We employed a murine model of sepsis via cecal ligation and binding (CLP), using PLXNC1-/- mice and littermate controls, and additionally transfected murine bone-marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) from both genotypes with LPS to achieve activation of the noncanonical inflammasome ex vivo.

The risk factors for chronic cough in children: A meta-analysis covering five continents.

Background: This study aimed to explore the risk factors for chronic cough in children and provide a reference for prevention and healthcare measures.

Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, and EMBASE were searched for observational studies published up to April 2024. Outcome included risk factors associated with chronic cough in children.

Epidemiologic trends and changes in humoral immunity and lymphocyte subsets levels among hospitalized children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection during 2019-2023.

Purpose: To understand the changes in humoral immunity and lymphocyte subsets levels among hospitalized children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection from 2019 to 2023.

Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed inpatients aged 0-14 years who were diagnosed with MP infection or MP pneumonia in a tertiary hospital from January 2019 to December 2023. The children were divided into three groups: before the implementation of nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs), during the implementation of NPIs, and after the NPIs being lifted.

Semaphorin 7A coordinates neutrophil response during pulmonary inflammation and sepsis.

Pulmonary defense mechanisms are critical for host integrity during pneumonia and sepsis. This defense is fundamentally dependent on the activation of neutrophils during the innate immune response. Recent work has shown that semaphorin 7A (Sema7A) holds significant impact on platelet function, yet its role on neutrophil function within the lung is not well understood.

Early vvECMO implantation may be associated with lower mortality in ARDS.

Background: Venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (vvECMO) is used to treat hypoxia in patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Nevertheless, uncertainty exists regarding the optimal timing of initiation of vvECMO therapy. We aimed to investigate the association between number of days of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) prior to vvECMO implantation and mortality.

A key role for platelet GPVI in neutrophil recruitment, migration, and NETosis in the early stages of acute lung injury.

Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Excessive neutrophil infiltration into the pulmonary airspace is the main cause for the acute inflammation and lung injury. Platelets have been implicated in the pathogenesis of ALI/ARDS, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood.

Platelet formation and activation are influenced by neuronal guidance proteins.

Platelets are anucleate blood cells derived from megakaryocytes. They link the fundamental functions of hemostasis, inflammation and host defense. They undergo intracellular calcium flux, negatively charged phospholipid translocation, granule release and shape change to adhere to collagen, fibrin and each other, forming aggregates, which are key to several of their functions.