Evaluation of a Telehealth-Based Pharmacist Led Chronic Care Management Program.

Clinical pharmacy services improve several patient chronic disease outcomes. This review evaluates a pharmacist-led chronic care management (CCM) program partnered with a health system for patient outcomes and sustainability. A mixed methods evaluation based on the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework was completed.

Randomized peptide assemblies for enhancing immune responses to nanomaterials.

Biomaterials capable of inducing immune responses with minimal associated inflammation are of interest in applications ranging from tissue repair to vaccines. Here we report the design of self-assembling randomized polypeptide nanomaterials inspired by glatiramoids, an immunomodulatory class of linear random copolymers. We hypothesized that peptide self-assemblies bearing similar randomized polypeptides would similarly raise responses skewed toward Type 2 immunity and T2 T-cell responses, additionally strengthening responses to co-assembled peptide epitopes in the absence of adjuvant.

Macromolecular Crowding Induces Spatial Correlations That Control Gene Expression Bursting Patterns.

Recent superresolution microscopy studies in E. coli demonstrate that the cytoplasm has highly variable local concentrations where macromolecular crowding plays a central role in establishing membrane-less compartmentalization. This spatial inhomogeneity significantly influences molecular transport and association processes central to gene expression.

A Soluble Activin Receptor IIB Fails to Prevent Muscle Atrophy in a Mouse Model of Spinal Cord Injury.

Myostatin (MST) is a potent regulator of muscle growth and size. Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in marked atrophy of muscle below the level of injury. Currently, there is no effective pharmaceutical treatment available to prevent sublesional muscle atrophy post-SCI.

Electrical stimulation modulates Wnt signaling and regulates genes for the motor endplate and calcium binding in muscle of rats with spinal cord transection.

Background: Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in muscle atrophy and a shift of slow oxidative to fast glycolytic fibers. Electrical stimulation (ES) at least partially restores muscle mass and fiber type distribution. The objective of this study was to was to characterize the early molecular adaptations that occur in rat soleus muscle after initiating isometric resistance exercise by ES for one hour per day for 1, 3 or 7 days when ES was begun 16 weeks after SCI.

Androgens up-regulate transcription of the Notch inhibitor Numb in C2C12 myoblasts via Wnt/β-catenin signaling to T cell factor elements in the Numb promoter.

Androgen signaling via the androgen receptor is a key pathway that contributes to development, cell fate decisions, and differentiation, including that of myogenic progenitors. Androgens and synthetic steroids have well established anabolic actions on skeletal muscle. Wnt and Notch signaling pathways are also essential to myogenic cell fate decisions during development and tissue repair.

The central nervous system (CNS)-independent anti-bone-resorptive activity of muscle contraction and the underlying molecular and cellular signatures.

Background: Mechanisms by which muscle regulates bone are poorly understood.

Results: Electrically stimulated muscle contraction reversed elevations in bone resorption and increased Wnt signaling in bone-derived cells after spinal cord transection.

Conclusion: Muscle contraction reduced resorption of unloaded bone independently of the CNS, through mechanical effects and, potentially, nonmechanical signals (e.

Nandrolone, an anabolic steroid, stabilizes Numb protein through inhibition of mdm2 in C2C12 myoblasts.

Nandrolone, an anabolic steroid, slows denervation atrophy of rat muscle, prevents denervation-induced nuclear accumulation of intracellular domain of the Notch receptor, and elevates expression of Numb. Numb acts as an inhibitor of Notch signaling and promotes myogenic differentiation of satellite cells. Turnover of Numb is regulated by mdm2, an E3 ubiquitin ligase.

Alterations of serotonin 2C and 2A receptors in response to T10 spinal cord transection in rats.

Recent studies reported that a recovery of motoneurons after spinal cord transection at the sacrocaudal level may depend on adaptive alterations of the serotonin 2C (5-HT(2C)R) and 2A (5-HT(2C)R) receptor function via changes in mRNA editing or protein expression, respectively. It has been suggested that depletion of serotonergic input may drive these adaptations. Here, mRNA editing and/or expression of 5-HT(2C)R and 5-HT(2A)R was evaluated in rats that sustained a complete transection at the thoracic (T10) level.

Toluene inhalation produces a conditioned place preference in rats.

Toluene is a widely abused solvent with demonstrated addictive potential in humans. Here we explore if conditioned place preference can be used to study the abuse-related effects of inhaled toluene in rats. Animals were confined to a distinctive compartment of a three-compartment chamber while exposed to toluene vapor and later tested for preference for that compartment compared to appropriate control subjects.

Synergistic transcriptional activation by one regulatory protein in response to two metabolites.

BenM is a LysR-type bacterial transcriptional regulator that controls aromatic compound degradation in Acinetobacter sp. ADP1. Here, in vitro transcription assays demonstrated that two metabolites of aromatic compound catabolism, benzoate and cis,cis-muconate, act synergistically to activate gene expression.