Unmasking Tuberculosis: A Case of Pericardial Effusion in a Young Adult With Recurrent Pneumonia.

This case presents a 25-year-old Indian male with no significant past medical history presenting to the emergency department (ED) due to two weeks of productive cough with pleuritic chest pain. The patient presented one week earlier to the ED; however, he left against medical advice and was given a 5-day course of Azithromycin 250 mg that minimally improved his symptoms. He returned to the ED shortly after completing the antibiotics and was admitted for further evaluation.

Intestinal Obstruction Secondary to Cecal Volvulus as a Result of Intestinal Nonrotation: A Case Report.

One of the extremely uncommon manifestations of malrotation is nonrotation, a condition that arises due to the complete failure of the midgut to rotate 270 degrees. The true prevalence in adults remains obscure due to the scarcity of the condition. A standard surgical approach to management is therefore lacking, and an increasing number of case reports is required to establish evidence-based recommendations.

Prevalence of axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) in patients treated for chronic back pain in chiropractic clinics: the oregon chiropractic axial spondyloarthritis study (ORCAS).

Objective: To assess the prevalence of undiagnosed axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) in patients attending chiropractic clinics (CCs) with chronic back pain (CBP), using the Assessment of Spondyloarthritis International Society (ASAS) referral strategy.

Methods: An observational study of adults attending one of four CCs between November 2020-2021 with CBP starting before age of 45, without prior diagnosis of spondyloarthritis (SpA). Patients fulfilling ≥ 1 feature of SpA (Inflammatory back pain [IBP], a family history of SpA, inflammatory bowel disease, psoriasis, good response to NSAIDs, history of heel pain, uveitis, or peripheral arthritis) were referred to rheumatologists.

Association of depression with glycaemic control in people living with diabetes in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Depression has been found to be associated with poor diabetes control, which contributes to diabetes complications. However, the association between depression and glycaemic control remains understudied in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) where the greatest burden of uncontrolled diabetes and diabetes complications exists. This meta-analysis examined the association of depression with glycaemic control in adults with diabetes mellitus in LMICs.

Utility of patient-reported outcomes for pulmonary symptoms and sleep disturbance and impairment in children with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis.

Background: Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) are critical assessment tools for clinical practice, observational studies, and interventional trials. While families of children with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SJIA) and SJIA-associated lung disease (SJIA-LD) report significant limitations in their quality of life, existing PROs for juvenile idiopathic arthritis may not properly measure the full impact of these disorders. Our objective was to utilize a newly developed lung symptom survey as well as existing, validated Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) measures in children with SJIA with and without LD.

Do spatial navigation and episodic memory rely on the same systems? Evidence from a naturalistic experience with children and adults.

Navigation and episodic memory are foundational cognitive processes that guide future decisions and are often linked to one another due to their behavioral and neural similarities. However, the extent and nature of their interdependence is unclear. We investigated this question using a real-world encoding experience with 8- to 13-year-old children and young adults.

Mutant p53 exploits enhancers to elevate immunosuppressive chemokine expression and impair immune checkpoint inhibitors in pancreatic cancer.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive cancer characterized by activating KRAS mutations and TP53 alterations. TP53 missense mutations lose their wild-type tumor-suppressor function. Here, we studied whether p53 missense mutations have potential gain-of-function oncogenic roles and their impact on cancer-cell-intrinsic gene expression and the tumor immune microenvironment (TME) in PDAC.

Incidence of pressure injuries and effectiveness of a prevention care bundle in critically ill Vietnamese patients: A prospective cohort study.

Background: Pressure injury (PI) presents a major challenge for critically ill patients with multiple risk factors for developing PI. Advanced prevention bundles have been implemented in developed countries, leading to a reduction in PI rates. However, a knowledge gap remains regarding PI incidence and prevention bundles in developing Asian countries.

Joint Effect of Inflammatory Dietary Patterns and Physical Activity on the Risk of Depressive Symptoms: A Nation-Wide Cross-Sectional Study.

Purpose: Depression is a major global public health concern. Diet and physical activity are major modifiable lifestyle factors associated with depression; however, their joint effects have not been fully addressed. This cross-sectional study aimed to quantitatively examine the interaction between physical activity and inflammatory nutrients in depression and utilized Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) models to compare the effects of inflammatory nutrients on depression in individuals with and without physical activity.

Timely post-discharge medication reviews to Improve Continuity-the Transitions Of Care stewardship (TIC TOC) study in rural and regional Australia: a parallel-group randomised controlled trial study protocol.

Introduction: Transition of care from hospital is a period when the risks of medication errors and adverse events are high, with 50% of adults discharged having at least one medication-related problem. Pharmacist-led medication reviews can reduce medication errors and unplanned readmission when completed promptly post-discharge; however, they are underutilised. A Transition of Care Stewardship pharmacist has been proposed to facilitate and coordinate a patient's discharge process and facilitate a timely post-discharge medication review.

Human Differentiated Adipocytes as Surrogate Mature Adipocytes for Adipocyte-Derived Extracellular Vesicle Analysis.

Obesity is a growing global health concern, contributing to diseases such as cancer, autoimmune disorders, and neurodegenerative conditions. Adipose tissue dysfunction, characterized by abnormal adipokine secretion and chronic inflammation, plays a key role in these conditions. Adipose-derived extracellular vesicles (ADEVs) have emerged as critical mediators in obesity-related diseases.

Individual differences in navigation skill: towards reliable and valid measures.

Even though successful navigation is vital for survival, individuals vary widely in their navigation skills. Researchers have examined the correlates of such variation using a wide variety of paradigms. However, we know little about the relation among the paradigms used, and their validity for real-world behaviors.

Oocyte mitochondria link maternal environment to offspring phenotype.

During oogenesis and maturation oocytes undergo a recently discovered mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) remodeling in flies, frogs, and humans. This conserved oocyte ETC remodeling is regulated by maternal insulin signaling, but its role in biology remains unclear. In the model animal , we previously found that insulin signaling to oocytes regulates offspring's ability to adapt to future osmotic stress by altering offspring metabolism.

Collaboration between researchers, university students, and healthcare professionals to improve older Vietnamese immigrants' health literacy.

The results of the cognitive examination from the showed the high prevalence of cognitive impairment among older Vietnamese immigrants in Houston, Texas. We proposed the , evaluated the Vietnamese community's dementia literacy, and developed a linguistically and culturally tailored dementia one-pager. This study was the next step in implementing the one-pager and disseminating the importance of dementia literacy in collaboration between researchers, university students, and Vietnamese healthcare professionals.

Impact of statins as immune-modulatory agents on inflammatory markers in adults with chronic diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

While numerous studies have extensively documented the pleiotropic effects of statins, including their capacity to reduce inflammation, there is a lack of research estimating the anti-inflammatory effectiveness of statins among individuals with chronic diseases. This meta-analysis evaluates the effect of statin therapy on inflammatory markers and the lipid profile in patients with chronic diseases by analysing evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs). We conducted a systematic review and searched articles published between 1st January 1999 and 31st December 2023 in databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane.

Anti-inflammatory effects and HPLC-PDA quantification of the triterpene saponin-enriched extract of leaves.

For the first time, the anti-inflammatory activity against Nitric oxide (NO) overproduction Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection on RAW264.7 cells as well as the quantitative determination of triterpene saponin-enriched extract from the leaves (SE-CTL) High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) using Photodiode Array Detector (PDA) technique was investigated. The SE-CTL significantly exhibited the best inhibition of NO (IC value of 46.

Health Care Access and Use Among Adults Experiencing Homelessness.

Importance: Demographic and policy changes have occurred since the last large, representative study of homeless adults in the 1990s, which may affect health care access and use.

Objective: To describe the prevalence of poor health care access and short-term health care and use the Gelberg-Andersen Behavioral Model for Vulnerable Populations to assess the association between changes in homelessness with health care access and short-term care use.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This representative survey of adults experiencing homelessness in California from October 2021 to November 2022 used multistage, venue-based, and respondent-driven sampling.

Assessing Allergist Supervised Pediatric Oral Food Challenge Outcomes Based on Race and Ethnicity.

Background: Research has shown evidence of differences in the prevalence and management of food allergies based on race and ethnicity. Previous epidemiologic studies have focused on patient-reported food allergies, which may be skewed due to subject recall bias, health literacy regarding the different types of adverse food reactions, and access to allergists/immunologists.

Objective: The primary objective was to evaluate for differences in oral food challenge (OFC) outcomes by race and ethnicity.

Evaluating the safety profile of defibrotide in sickle cell disease: an in vitro study.

Not available.

The Lethal Combination of Pregabalin With Other Recreational Drugs.

This case presents a 33-year-old male with a four-day history of worsening altered mental status and rhabdomyolysis. He experienced delusions, restlessness, and visual hallucinations, exacerbated by prolonged multidrug abuse, including over-the-counter pregabalin (Lyrica) for pain relief and recreational ketamine. Despite an initially incomplete history and unclear etiology, the patient was admitted for toxic-metabolic encephalopathy with acute kidney injury (AKI) and required significant medical management for confusion, acidosis, and electrolyte disturbances.

Practices for collecting, analyzing and disseminating data on health and its social determinants among Black populations in Quebec: a scoping review.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the deficiencies in healthcare systems both within and outside of Canada, affecting racialized populations, particularly Black communities, who face an increased risk of infection and mortality from the disease. Although Black populations in Quebec make up more than 25% of the Black population in Canada, detailed data on the impact of COVID-19 on these communities are only available at the national level. This scoping review documents the methods and issues related to the collection, analysis and dissemination of data on the health of Black populations in Quebec, and its social determinants.

The PERK-eIF2α-ATF4 Axis Is Involved in Mediating ER-Stress-Induced Ferroptosis via DDIT4-mTORC1 Inhibition and Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity.

Ferroptosis, a regulated form of cell death characterized by lipid peroxidation and iron accumulation, is increasingly recognized for its role in disease pathogenesis. The unfolded protein response (UPR) has been implicated in both endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and ferroptosis-mediated cell fate decisions; yet, the specific mechanism remains poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrated that ER stress induced by tunicamycin and ferroptosis triggered by erastin both activate the UPR, leading to the induction of ferroptotic cell death.

Liquid Metal Electrocatalyst with Ultralow Pt Loading for Ethanol Oxidation.

Developing efficient and durable electrocatalysts for ethanol electro-oxidation is crucial for enabling the application of direct ethanol fuel cell technology. Herein, it is demonstrated that Pt-Ga liquid metal-based nanodroplets can serve as an efficient electrocatalyst to drive ethanol oxidation. The mass activity of Pt is significantly improved by alloying with liquid gallium.

Antibiotic dispensing without a prescription across community pharmacies: A simulated patient study.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the proportion of antibiotics dispensed, counseling content, and factors associated with antibiotic dispensing for patients with common cold symptoms among community pharmacists (CPs) in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC).

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from January to June 2023 using a simulated patient (SP) method. A total of 352 community pharmacies across 24 districts in HCMC were randomly selected.

Multi-Institutional Study Evaluating the Efficacy of SPOTS (Sun Protection Outreach Teaching by Students), a Skin Cancer Prevention Educational Program for Adolescents.

Background: The Sun Protection Outreach Teaching by Students (SPOTS) program previously demonstrated benefits to adolescents and medical students in the Midwest. Six years later, there have been significant program enhancements and geographic outreach has expanded.

Objective: This multi-institutional program evaluation study sought to quantify the efficacy of the enhanced SPOTS program in improving skin cancer knowledge, sun-safe attitudes, and sun protection behaviors in adolescents living in multiple geographic regions of the United States.