Can Step-Based Metrics Predict Current and Future Health-Related Fitness and Patient-Reported Outcomes among Women Diagnosed with Breast Cancer?

Purpose: Wearable sensors that track physical activity in daily life may offer insights that help healthcare providers optimize care plans for individuals with cancer. Therefore, we examined the links between lower health-related fitness and worse patient-reported health and various step-based metrics.

Methods: The Alberta Moving Beyond Breast Cancer Study enrolled 1,528 women recently diagnosed with breast cancer and measured health-related fitness and patient-reported health outcomes near diagnosis, and one year later.

Effects of a Multidisciplinary Intervention on Fatigue in Lymphoma Survivors With Chronic Fatigue: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (REFUEL).

Background: Chronic fatigue (CF) is a highly disabling late effect after cancer, affecting 25% to 40% of lymphoma survivors years after cancer treatment. There is a lack of randomized controlled trials testing interventions to reduce fatigue levels among survivors with CF.

Objective: The primary aim of the Randomized Controlled Trial in Chronically Fatigued Lymphoma Survivors (REFUEL) is to examine the effects of a multidisciplinary intervention on the level of fatigue among lymphoma survivors with CF before and immediately after the intervention (3 months after randomization).

History informing the future of exercise oncology.

Exercise is increasingly recognized by patients, clinicians, and allied health professionals globally as an important component of cancer care. In this paper, we provide a viewpoint on developments in exercise oncology over the past 4 decades leading up to the creation of the International Society of Exercise Oncology (ISEO). We briefly review research in adult and pediatric cancers from early foundation studies to larger randomized controlled trials published in mainstream oncology journals alongside critical work undertaken in exercise and cancer biological mechanisms.

Multidisciplinary perspectives in exercise oncology across the translational research continuum.

Exercise oncology is a multidisciplinary field that encompasses research across the translational continuum. Some of the major disciplines contributing to the field include biology, immunology, physiology, psychology, behavioral science, epidemiology, and clinical oncology. Here, we provide a brief overview of the field under the headings of preclinical studies, observational studies, interventional outcome studies, interventional behavioral studies, dissemination and implementation studies, and childhood cancer studies.

Accelerating precision exercise medicine in cancer patients using pooled individual patient data: POLARIS experience.

Numerous exercise oncology trials have been completed, greatly informing exercise recommendations for patients with cancer. Exercise medicine can be administered in various types, doses, and schedules at various time points. Advancing precision exercise medicine requires understanding of how the effects of different exercise interventions vary by characteristics of individual patients.

Feasibility and acceptability of the Fit2Thrive mHealth physical activity promotion intervention components in breast cancer survivors.

Background: Most breast cancer survivors (BCS) are insufficiently active. mHealth moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) interventions for BCS are highly scalable, but the feasibility and acceptability of specific intervention components are unknown.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the feasibility and acceptability of the Fit2Thrive MVPA promotion intervention components.

A Randomized Phase 3 Trial of Metformin in Patients Initiating Androgen Deprivation Therapy as Prevention and Intervention of Metabolic Syndrome: The PRIME Study.

Purpose: To investigate whether metformin decreases metabolic syndrome (MS) risk in patients with prostate cancer (PCa) receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT).

Materials And Methods: In this phase 3 multicenter double blind randomized controlled trial, normoglycemic patients with PCa planned for at least 9 months ADT were randomized 2:1 to receive metformin 850 mg or placebo BID orally for 18 months. The primary objective was to compare proportions of MS at 18 months between the study arms.

Postdiagnosis physical activity is associated with improved survival in prostate cancer patients treated with surgery but not with radiation therapy.

Background: The effects of exercise on cancer outcomes may differ depending on its positioning within different cancer treatment combinations. We examined whether the associations between physical activity (PA) and cancer outcomes varied by cancer treatment modality or timing of PA.

Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of the Prostate Cancer Cohort Study consisting of 830 men in Alberta, Canada with newly diagnosed prostate cancer.

The effects of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on plasma cytokines, oxylipins, and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes from women with breast cancer undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the DHA-WIN trial.

Clinical trials on docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation and immune changes during breast cancer neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) are limited. This study evaluated the impact of DHA supplementation during NAC on systemic and tumor immune modulation by assessing plasma inflammatory and cardiac damage markers, tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) proportions, and n-6- and n-3-derived oxylipins produced in response to an ex vivo immune challenge. Venous blood was collected at baseline, 9, and 15 weeks during NAC from participants in the DHA for Women with Breast Cancer in the Neoadjuvant Setting (DHA-WIN) trial, which compared DHA-enriched algae (4.

Feasibility and preliminary efficacy of heavy Lifting Strength Training versus Usual Care in Head and Neck Cancer Survivors (the LIFTING 2 Trial): A study protocol for a single-centre, phase II, randomized controlled trial.

Background: Despite improvements in treatments, head and neck cancer survivors (HNCS) still endure acute and chronic side effects such as loss of muscular strength, limitations in physical function, fatigue, and swallowing difficulties that impact quality of life (QoL). Light-to-moderate intensity strength training (LMST) has been shown to improve some of these side effects. Heavy lifting strength training (HLST) may further improve outcomes, however, only one pilot study has focused on HNCS.

Exercise effects on symptoms of depression and anxiety vary by patient, clinical, and intervention characteristics in cancer survivors: Results from pooled analyses of individual participant data of 26 RCTs.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate whether socio-demographic, clinical, and intervention-related variables moderate the effects of exercise on depression and anxiety symptoms in cancer survivors.

Methods: Data from 26 RCTs in the POLARIS database were analyzed using a one-step individual participant data (IPD) meta-analytic approach with linear mixed models to assess exercise effects on depression and anxiety symptoms (z-scores). Interaction terms were added to these models to explore moderators.

Safety and efficacy of docosahexaenoic acid supplementation during neoadjuvant breast cancer therapy: Findings from the phase II, double-blind, randomized controlled DHA-WIN trial.

There is limited clinical evidence of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) efficacy during breast cancer neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of DHA supplementation in breast cancer patients undergoing NAC. Participants (n = 49) were assigned to receive either DHA 4.

Effects of a Physical Activity mHealth Intervention (Fit2Thrive) on WCRF/AICR Cancer Prevention Recommendations among Breast Cancer Survivors: A Secondary Data Analysis.

Background: Interventions targeting moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) may be a catalyst for improving other lifestyle behaviors in breast cancer survivors (BCS). We examined whether Fit2Thrive, an mHealth MVPA intervention, influenced adherence to cancer prevention recommendations.

Methods: BCSs (N = 269; age, mean = 52.

Musculoskeletal Impairments and Dysfunction in Individuals with Head and Neck Cancer Following Surgery with Neck Dissection-A Systematic Review.

: Various forms of head and neck cancer (HNC) surgery that include a neck dissection procedure have been shown to negatively influence the neuromusculoskeletal function of the structures affected. This review aimed to identify the neuromusculoskeletal impairments experienced by individuals with HNC following surgery involving different types of neck dissection procedures. The search was conducted in four databases, encompassing randomized control trials (RCTs), cross-sectional studies, and cohort studies that explored neuromusculoskeletal impairments and dysfunction following HNC surgery.

Accelerometer measurement error in a randomized physical activity intervention trial in breast cancer survivors was nondifferential but attenuated the intervention effect.

Background: Physical activity reduces morbidity and mortality risk in cancer survivors, but a meaningful proportion of this vulnerable population are physically inactive. Targeted interventions can help cancer survivors adopt a more active lifestyle, but the efficacy of these interventions must be rigorously evaluated in randomized controlled intervention trials. A major barrier to such trials involves the difficulty in obtaining unbiased estimates of physical activity in free-living conditions.

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation attenuates changes in the concentration, phenotype, and response of immune peripheral blood cells in breast cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant therapy. Secondary findings from the DHA-WIN trial.

Background: Breast cancer neoadjuvant therapy may negatively impact the immune system. As a secondary outcome of the docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) for women with breast cancer in the neoadjuvant setting (DHA-WIN trial), we sought to assess the effects of an intervention with DHA on parameters of immune function of women undergoing neoadjuvant therapy.

Methods: Women with early-stage breast cancer in the neoadjuvant setting were recruited for the DHA-WIN trial and randomly assigned to receive either 4.

Exploratory outcomes of the DHA WIN randomized controlled trial: Supplementing women with docosahexaenoic acid did not reduce the impact of neoadjuvant breast cancer chemotherapy on quality of life or exercise behaviour.

Supplementation of omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids has been associated with reduced side effects and improved quality of life (QoL) in breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. The current study reports secondary outcomes from the DHA WIN randomized controlled trial which was designed to evaluate docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation (4.4 g/day) in conjunction with six cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) (3 weeks/cycle) in women with non-metastatic breast cancer (n = 49).

Prospective cohort of pre-diagnosis hormone exposure and post-diagnosis sex hormone levels with survival outcomes: Alberta Endometrial Cancer Cohort Study.

Purpose: To examine the associations between pre-diagnosis exogenous hormone exposure and endogenous sex hormone levels shortly after diagnosis with survival outcomes in endometrial cancer survivors.

Methods: In this population-based cohort, females with endometrial cancer were followed from diagnosis to death or January 27, 2022. History of hormone exposure pre-diagnosis and sex-hormone levels shortly after diagnosis were obtained.

Associations of a previous diagnosis of cancer and/or cardiovascular disease with current physical activity levels in Korean adults.

Purpose: A diagnosis of cancer (CAN) and/or cardiovascular disease (CVD) may influence physical activity levels; however, no study has examined the independent and combined associations of a CAN and CVD diagnosis with physical activity. The purpose of the present study was to examine the associations of the occurrence, order, and timing of a CAN and/or CVD diagnosis with physical activity in Korean adults.

Methods: Korean adults who reported current physical activity and a previous CAN and/or CVD diagnosis in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2014 and 2019 were included in the study.

Baseline Characteristics of Participants in the Alberta Cancer Exercise Hybrid Effectiveness-Implementation Study: A Wake-Up Call for Action.

Alberta Cancer Exercise (ACE) is a hybrid effectiveness-implementation study evaluating a cancer-specific community-based exercise program across urban sites in Alberta, Canada. The purpose of this paper is to describe the baseline characteristics of participants. Adults with any type and stage of cancer, who were undergoing cancer treatment or up to three years post treatment completion, were eligible.

Exercise May Improve Completion of Standard and Emerging Cancer Treatments.

Receipt of the entire course of intended anticancer treatment is critical to maximize treatment efficacy, reduce risk of disease recurrence, and improve survival. Engaging in an exercise program during cancer treatment has the potential to improve treatment completion, but standardization in terminology for reporting on cancer treatment completion is needed, especially as types of cancer treatments continue to evolve.

Efficacy of a Multicomponent Physical Activity Intervention for Teachers With or At Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: The Support, Motivation, and Physical Activity Research for Teachers Health Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Type 2 diabetes is a major cause of illness and disability and physical activity reduces these risks. The SMART Health study aim was to compare the efficacy of a multicomponent intervention to promote aerobic physical activity and resistance training in schoolteachers at risk of or diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, with and without a technology-based behavior change package.

Methods: We randomized participants (N = 104) into 3 groups: "wait-list" control group, 5 face-to-face visits with a psychologist and exercise specialist (SH group), or 5 face-to-face visits over a 3-month period with a psychologist and exercise specialist, plus a technology-based behavior change package for an additional 6 months (SH+ group).