Association between truncal muscle mass index measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis and overactive bladder symptoms in men: A retrospective cross-sectional analysis.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between truncal muscle mass, particularly the skeletal truncal muscle mass index (sTMI), and overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms in adult men, using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA).

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed health screening data from 5,475 men aged ≥40 years collected between 2014 and 2022. OAB was defined as an OAB Symptom Score (OABSS) ≥3 and urgency score ≥2, with moderate-to-severe OAB defined as OABSS ≥6 and urgency score ≥2.

Metabolomic and partial proteomic analyses of phosphine resistance in Sitophilus oryzae adults: Significant reduction in body weight after acquiring resistance.

Fumigation with phosphine (PH), the toxicity of which is related to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, is widely used to control insect pests such as Sitophilus oryzae in stored commodities. However, overuse and misuse of PH fumigation have led to severe resistance in the targeted insect pests, including S. oryzae.

Metabolic Disruptions in Zebrafish Induced by α-Cypermethrin: A Targeted Metabolomics Study.

The widespread application of pesticides in agriculture has raised increasing concerns regarding their ecological impact, particularly in aquatic environments. Among these, α-cypermethrin, a highly active isomeric form of cypermethrin, has been extensively used due to its potent insecticidal efficacy and low mammalian toxicity. However, its toxicity to non-target aquatic organisms remains insufficiently understood at the metabolic level.

Relay Selection for Covert Communication with an Active Warden.

In this paper, we consider covert communication with multiple relays and an active warden who not only sends jamming signals but also aims to detect the covert transmission. In the relay system with the active warden, the most critical factor is the channel between the relay and the warden, as the warden leverages this channel to transmit jamming signals while trying to detect the presence of covert communication. To mitigate the impact of the active warden, we propose a relay selection scheme that selects the relay with the minimum channel gain to the warden.

Carbon Capture from Natural Gas Flue Emissions and Air via (Bi)Carbonate Formation in a Cyclodextrin-Based Metal-Organic Framework.

Carbon capture and utilization or sequestration (CCUS) from industrial point sources and direct air capture (DAC) are both necessary to curb the rising atmospheric levels of CO. Amine scrubbers, the current leading carbon capture technology, suffer from poor oxidative and thermal stability, limiting their long-term cycling stability under oxygen-rich streams such as air and the emissions from natural gas combined cycle (NGCC) power plants. Herein, we demonstrate that the hydroxide-based cyclodextrin metal-organic framework (CD-MOF) RbCO CD-MOF ST possesses high CO capacities from dry dilute streams at low temperatures and humid streams at elevated temperatures.

Orthosteric inhibition of MutSβ ATPase function: First disclosure of MSH3-bound small molecule inhibitors.

Orthosteric inhibitors of the human heterodimeric DNA mismatch repair complex MutSβ were identified by high-throughput screening. Following extensive hit confirmation to remove false positives, two series were found to give consistent activity free of likely artefactual effects. Extensive hit profiling confirmed an ATP-competitive mode of action and resulted in our obtaining the first reported X-ray and cryo-EM structures of small molecule inhibitors of MutSβ occupying the ATP-binding site of MSH3.

Elucidation of multiple high-resolution states of human MutSβ by cryo-EM reveals interplay between ATP/ADP binding and heteroduplex DNA recognition.

Human and mouse genetic studies have demonstrated a role for DNA mismatch repair (MMR) molecular machines in modulating the rate of somatic expansion of the huntingtin (HTT) CAG repeats, and onset and progression of Huntington's Disease (HD). MutSβ, a key component of the MMR pathway, is a heterodimeric protein of MSH2 and MSH3 that recognizes and initiates the repair of extrahelical DNA extrusions. Loss-of-function of mouse Msh3 and reduced-expression alleles of human MSH3 lead to slower rates of somatic expansion and delayed disease onset in humans, signifying MSH3 as a promising therapeutic target for HD.

Benchmarking First-Principles Approaches for the Band Gap Prediction of Nanoporous Materials.

We present a comprehensive benchmarking study of first-principles calculation methods, based on density functional theory (DFT) and its extensions, to evaluate the fundamental and optical band gaps of nanoporous materials, including metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent-organic frameworks (COFs), and a zeolite. We find that a hybrid approach using the HSE06 functional generally underestimates the fundamental band gaps compared to the nonself-consistent GW (GW) approximation, and a DFT approach incorporating self-consistent extended Hubbard interactions shows varying agreement with GW results depending on the electronic characteristics of materials. Using the Bethe-Salpeter equation (BSE) on top of GW calculations (GW+BSE) and time-dependent DFT (TDDFT) with the PBE functional, we compute optical band gaps and absorption spectra that are in good agreement with experiments.

Covert Communications via Full-Duplex User Relaying.

In this paper, we investigate a covert communication system with a full-duplex decode-and-forward (DF) relay and introduce a user-relaying scheme that maximizes the covert rate while ensuring the covertness requirement. In our system model, Alice (transmitter) sends regular data to Carol (regular user) and occasionally embeds covert data for Bob (covert user). Meanwhile, Willie (warden) monitors for covert transmissions.

Comparative Metabolomic Analysis of Treated with Pyrrolnitrin and Phenylpyrrole Fungicides.

Pyrrolnitrin, a natural antifungal compound from sp. O33 was compared with the phenylpyrrole fungicides fludioxonil and fenpiclonil through metabolomic analysis of . Phenylpyrrole fungicides are traditionally known to disrupt the high-osmolarity glycerol (HOG) pathway.

Data-Driven Search Algorithm for Discovery of Synthesizable Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks.

Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs), metal-organic analogues of zeolites, hold great potential for carbon-neutral applications due to their exceptional stability and porosity. However, ZIF discovery has been hindered by the limited topologies resulting from a mismatch between numerous predicted and few synthesized zeolitic networks. To address this, we propose a data-driven search algorithm using structural descriptors of known materials as a screening tool.

Enhancing Selective Hydrofluorocarbon Greenhouse Gas Capture via Halogenation of Metal-Organic Frameworks.

Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) are anthropogenically produced greenhouse gases with longer atmospheric lifetimes and higher global warming potentials than those of carbon dioxide. General strategies to abate their emissions from industrial point sources, such as via adsorptive capture, remain scarce. Herein, we uncover the key structure-property relationships that lead to strong binding of HFCs such as fluoroform (CHF) and difluoromethane (CHF) in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) under the low pressures relevant to flue gas scrubbing.

Dual independent mechanisms underlying gut epithelial remodeling upon sugar substitute consumption.

Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) are dynamically regulated by luminal contents, including dietary ingredients, food additives, and microbiota-derived metabolites. Although sugar substitutes are commonly used as food additives for their sweet taste and lower calorie content, there is limited experimental evidence regarding their potential to drive gut remodeling. In this study, we designed experimental models for short-term consumption of erythritol, a natural sugar alcohol widely used as a sugar substitute, and investigated its effects on gut remodeling and the underlying mechanisms.

Dyad System of BOAHY-BODIPY Conjugates as Novel Photoswitchable Photosensitizers for Photodynamic Therapy.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) offers minimally invasive and repeatable cancer treatment options. Despite advancements in photosensitizer (PS) design, the optical control of PS activation remains unexplored. Here, we present the first photoswitchable PS based on a BOAHY-BODIPY dyad system.

One-Pot and Gram-Scale Synthesis of Fe-Based Nanozymes with Tunable O Activation Pathway and Specificity Between Associated Enzymatic Reactions.

Nanozymes have recently gained attention for their low cost and high stability. However, unlike natural enzymes, they often exhibit multiple enzyme-like activities, complicating their use in selective bioassays. Since HO and O are common substrates in these reactions, controlling their activation-and thus reaction specificity-is crucial.

A Facile Way to Simultaneously Improve Humidity-Immunity and Gas Response in Semiconductor Metal Oxide Sensors.

The metal-oxide-based gas sensors show great potential in exhaled breath analysis owing to their simple, fast, and noninvasive characteristics. However, the exhaled breath contains moisture, and the surface-active sites of metal oxides are easily poisoned by water molecules, leading to degradation of the sensor performance, particularly the gas response and selectivity. Therefore, it is essential to develop oxide sensors that can reliably sense target gases over a wide humidity range without sacrificing the gas response.

Analysis of the diet, weight-loss behavior, and nutritional knowledge of athletes and coaches in weightclass sports: influence of a coach's nutritional knowledge on athletes.

Background: This study was conducted to investigate the nutritional knowledge of elite athletes undergoing weight loss and to identify differences in weight-loss strategies according to nutritional knowledge.

Methods: The participants included 22 coaches and 88 elite athletes registered under the same affiliation. The survey involved translating the General Nutrition Knowledge Questionnaire (GNKQ), and interviews were used to confirm the diet and weight loss patterns of the athletes.

Differential Sensing Approach as a Pattern-based Discrimination for Biological Samples.

The differential sensing approach uses fingerprint patterning to distinguish uncharacterized biological samples. Inspired by natural sensory systems, an array of cross-reactive sensors generates unique response fingerprint depending on the samples. Until today, this array system has been developed using various materials, including the library of surface-charged nanoparticles and chemosensors.

Secure Triggering Frame-Based Dynamic Power Saving Mechanism against Battery Draining Attack in Wi-Fi-Enabled Sensor Networks.

Wireless local area networks (WLANs) have recently evolved into technologies featuring extremely high throughput and ultra-high reliability. As WLANs are predominantly utilized in Internet of Things (IoT) and Wi-Fi-enabled sensor applications powered by coin cell batteries, these high-efficiency, high-performance technologies often cause significant battery depletion. The introduction of the trigger frame-based uplink transmission method, designed to enhance network throughput, lacks adequate security measures, enabling attackers to manipulate trigger frames.

A Deterministic Method to Construct a Common Supercell Between Two Similar Crystalline Surfaces.

Here, a deterministic algorithm is proposed, that is capable of constructing a common supercell between two similar crystalline surfaces without scanning all possible cases. Using the complex plane, the 2D lattice is defined as the 2D complex vector. Then, the relationship between two surfaces becomes the eigenvector-eigenvalue relation where an operator corresponds to a transformation matrix.

Single stranded 1D-helical Cu coordination polymer for ultra-sensitive ammonia sensing at room temperature.

With the increasing demand for ammonia applications, there is a significant focus on improving NH detection performance at room temperature. In this study, we introduce a groundbreaking NH gas sensor based on Cu(I)-based coordination polymers, featuring semiconducting, single stranded 1D-helical nanowires constructed from Cu-Cl and -methylthiourea (MTCP). The MTCP demonstrates an exceptional response to NH gas (>900% at 100 ppm) and superior selectivity at room temperature compared to current materials.

Transdermal Hydrogen Sulfide Delivery Enabled by Open-Metal-Site Metal-Organic Frameworks.

Hydrogen sulfide (HS) is an endogenously produced gasotransmitter involved in many physiological processes that are integral to proper cellular functioning. Due to its profound anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, HS plays important roles in preventing inflammatory skin disorders and improving wound healing. Transdermal HS delivery is a therapeutically viable option for the management of such disorders.