Blood Microbiome Reveals the Impact of on the Efficacy of Immunotherapy in Gastrointestinal Cancer.

Immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, but reliable biomarkers for predicting treatment efficacy remain limited. In this study, we explored the potential of blood microbiome and specific microbial taxa as novel biomarkers for predicting the efficacy of immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy in GI cancer patients through 16S rRNA sequencing. Our findings demonstrated that lower baseline alpha diversity and specific microbial compositions, particularly lower levels of , were significantly associated with longer progression-free survival (PFS) in patients receiving immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy.

H₂O₂ preconditioning enhances the transplantation-mediated therapeutic effect of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells after traumatic brain injury.

Background: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) transplantation has shown therapeutic potential in the treatment of traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, its efficacy is limited by the low survival rate of transplanted BMSCs within the brain microenvironment characterized by persistent inflammation and oxidative stress. Preconditioning BMSCs with low concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) has been reported to enhance cell viability under oxidative stress.

The usefulness and utilisation of Lu's retractor for unilateral biportal endoscopic discectomy: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: A novel endoscopic instrument, Lu's retractor, was developed to address the recurrent issue of limited visualisation during unilateral biportal endoscopic (UBE) spinal surgery. Engineered to optimize the surgical field by mitigating soft tissue interference, this device aims to enhance operative precision and efficiency.

Methods: This single-center retrospective cohort study analyzed 90 consecutive patients who underwent single-level lumbar discectomy via the UBE technique between June 2023 and June 2024.

Protective effect of ulinastatin against negative inflammatory response and organ dysfunction in acute aortic dissection surgery: The PANDA trial.

Ulinastatin is a protease-inhibiting drug with anti-inflammatory and other pharmacological properties. Little is known regarding its role following acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) surgery. We perform a randomized controlled trial to investigate the protective effect of ulinastatin against negative inflammatory response and organ dysfunction in ATAAD surgery (PANDA).

Preharvest Treatment with Melatonin Improves Antioxidant and Phenylpropanoid Pathways During Postharvest Storage.

is known for its popularity and robust nutritional value. While fresh fruit is a perishable commodity, it has a short post-harvest life and is susceptible to fungal decay after harvest. Melatonin has been reported to delay the aging and quality decline of various fruits and vegetables after harvest.

Long noncoding RNA Regulating ImMune Escape regulates mixed lineage leukaemia protein-1-H3K4me3-mediated immune escape in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Predictive biomarkers for oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) immunotherapy are lacking, and immunotherapy resistance remains to be addressed. The role of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) in ESCC immune escape and immunotherapy resistance remains to be elucidated.

Methods: The tumour-associated macrophage-upregulated lncRNAs and the exosomal lncRNAs highly expressed in ESCC immunotherapy nonresponders were identified by lncRNA sequencing and polymerase chain reaction assays.

Prognostic Implication of Pulmonary Arterial Pressure in Surgical Repair of Predominantly Congenital Mitral Valve Regurgitation-Based Intracardiac Abnormalities.

Introduction: Knowledge is limited regarding the significance of pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) in predominantly congenital mitral valve regurgitation (MR)-based intracardiac abnormalities.

Methods: From a prospective cohort, we included 200 patients with congenital MR regardless of other associated intracardiac abnormalities (mean age 60.4 months, 67% female, systolic PAP (sPAP) 54.

Dynamic single microparticle manipulation in the far-field region using plasmonic vortex lens multiple arms with a circular groove.

Recent development of particle manipulation has led to high demand for dynamic optical tweezer structures. However, confining and rotating a single microparticle in the far-field region with a uniform potential distribution remains a complicated task. A plasmonic vortex lens (PVL) has been proven to easily rotate the dielectric particle owing to its effect on orbital angular momentum (OAM).

Circulating biomarker-based risk stratifications individualize arch repair strategy of acute Type A aortic dissection via the XGBoosting algorithm.

Aims: The incremental usefulness of circulating biomarkers from different pathological pathways for predicting mortality has not been evaluated in acute Type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) patients. We aim to develop a risk prediction model and investigate the impact of arch repair strategy on mortality based on distinct risk stratifications.

Methods And Results: A total of 3771 ATAAD patients who underwent aortic surgery retrospectively included were randomly divided into training and testing cohorts at a ratio of 7:3 for the development and validation of the risk model based on multiple circulating biomarkers and conventional clinical factors.

Ultra-compact Archimedes spiral plasmonic lens with a circular groove for low power optical trapping in the far-field region.

Particle levitation is crucial in optical trapping considering contamination and alteration of the character of the particle due to physical contact with the structure. A strong field gradient along the optical axis is required in this case. To manipulate the particle at a distance from the surface, we propose an Archimedes spiral plasmonic lens with a circular groove (CG-ASPL).

A Novel Inflammation-Based Risk Score Predicts Mortality in Acute Type A Aortic Dissection Surgery: The Additive Anti-inflammatory Action for Aortopathy and Arteriopathy Score.

Objective: To develop an inflammation-based risk stratification tool for operative mortality in patients with acute type A aortic dissection.

Methods: Between January 1, 2016 and December 31, 2021, 3124 patients from Beijing Anzhen Hospital were included for derivation, 571 patients from the same hospital were included for internal validation, and 1319 patients from other 12 hospitals were included for external validation. The primary outcome was operative mortality according to the Society of Thoracic Surgeons criteria.

Nonoxid-HMGB1 Attenuates Cognitive Impairment After Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major global burden of health. As an accepted inflammatory mediator, high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is found to be effective in facilitating neurogenesis and axonal regeneration. SH3RF2 (also known as POSHER), an E3 ligase SH3 domain-containing ring finger 2, belongs to the SH3RF family of proteins.

Primary tumor resection with or without metastasectomy for left- and right-sided stage IV colorectal cancer: an instrumental variable analysis.

Background: Whether primary tumor location (PTL) is predictive of survival benefits following primary tumor resection plus metastasectomy (PMTR) and primary tumor resection (PTR) alone in stage IV colorectal cancer patients is not known. We sought to address this issue by employing instrumental variable analysis to evaluate the efficacy of PMTR and PTR with stratification for primary tumor location in stage IV colorectal cancer patients.

Patients And Methods: Stage IV colorectal cancer patients diagnosed between January 1, 2005 and December 31, 2015 were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program of the National Cancer Institute.

Derivation and Validation of a Nomogram to Predict In-Hospital Complications in Children with Tetralogy of Fallot Repaired at an Older Age.

Background We aimed to develop and validate a prediction model for in-hospital complications in children with tetralogy of Fallot repaired at an older age. Methods and Results A total of 513 pediatric patients from the Tianjin data set formed a derivation cohort, and 158 pediatric patients from the Hefei and Xiamen data sets formed validation cohorts. We applied least absolute shrinkage and selection operator analysis for variable selection and logistic regression coefficients for risk scoring.

Minimally invasive perventricular versus open surgical ventricular septal defect closure in infants and children: a randomised clinical trial.

Background: Robust evidence is lacking regarding the clinical efficacy, safety and cardiopulmonary performance of perventricular closure. This study investigated the perioperative efficacy, safety and cardiorespiratory performance of perventricular closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defects (pmVSDs).

Methods: Operation-naïve infants and young children aged 5-60 months with isolated pmVSDs were randomised to receive either standard open surgical or minimally invasive perventricular closure via direct entry into the ventricle with a catheter from a subxiphoid incision.