Blood Transfusion Rate and Related Complications after Hip Arthroplasty Using Patient Blood Management: A Case-Control Study.

Background: This study aimed to compare the rates of blood transfusion and blood loss after hip arthroplasty using patient blood management (PBM). In addition, we investigated the occurrence of hypophosphatemia after injection of iron supplement with intravenous ferric carboxymaltose.

Methods: Between March 2022 and February 2023, 233 patients underwent total hip arthroplasty or hemiarthroplasty with the application of PBM, including 95 men and 138 women with a mean age at the time of index operation of 62.

Prospective Analysis of Asian Type 2 Integrated Lag Screws (Hip Fracture Nail) in Patients with Intertrochanteric Fractures.

Background: The Hip Fracture Nail (HFN), developed by modifying the design and diameter of the INTERTAN nail, has been introduced to the market. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the clinical and radiological outcomes, as well as the perioperative complications, associated with the use of the HFN in Asian patients with intertrochanteric fractures.

Methods: Patients over the age of 60 years with intertrochanteric fractures were prospectively enrolled at 6 university hospitals in South Korea and underwent surgical treatment using the HFN between October 2018 and January 2022.

Why muscle strengthening exercises should target the quadriceps and gluteus maximus in patients with knee osteoarthritis?: Effects of knee pain on muscle volume and fatty degeneration based on AI-assisted cross-sectional analysis.

Background: Sarcopenia, characterized by age-related muscle loss, traditionally presents as systemic muscle atrophy. However, knee osteoarthritis (OA) patients often exhibit localized quadriceps muscle atrophy, suggesting a potential pain-related mechanism distinct from classical sarcopenia. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between knee OA pain and selective muscle atrophy, particularly focusing on its role as a potential aggravating factor for sarcopenia.

Correction: Correlation between individual thigh muscle volume and grip strength in relation to sarcopenia with automated muscle segmentation.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Standardized Measurement of Muscle Strength and Physical Performance for Sarcopenia: An Expert-Based Delphi Consensus.

Background: Despite updated sarcopenia guidelines, inconsistent protocols still cause clinical confusion and may compromise diagnostic and outcome accuracy. This Delphi study aimed to establish expert consensus to support the standardization of muscle strength and physical performance assessments for sarcopenia.

Methods: A two-round modified Delphi study was conducted with 26 experts in geriatrics and sarcopenia.

Powered Tool for the Removal of a Well-Fixed Acetabular Cup: A Comparative Experimental Study.

Backgroud: The removal of a well-fixed acetabular cup is a challenging, labor-intensive, and time-consuming step during revision hip arthroplasty. Although the advent of the manual osteotome, Explant, has simplified the procedure, it is still a stressful process as it dissipates the surgeon's strength and time and risks an iatrogenic pelvic fracture. Recently, EZX, a powered tool for extraction of well-fixed acetabular cups with semicircular blade was invented.

Individual thigh muscle and proximal femoral features predict displacement in femoral neck Fractures: An AI-driven CT analysis.

Introduction: Hip fractures, particularly among the elderly, impose a significant public health burden due to increased morbidity and mortality. Femoral neck fractures, commonly resulting from low-energy falls, can lead to severe complications such as avascular necrosis, and often necessitate total hip arthroplasty. This study harnesses AI to enhance musculoskeletal assessments by performing automatic muscle segmentation on whole thigh CT scans and detailed cortical measurements using the StradView program.

Correlation of Lean Mass Measurements Between a Novel Whole-body X-ray Bone Densitometer (iNSiGHT C510) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Single-center Comparative study.

Background: Sarcopenia, the age-related loss of muscle mass, increases health risks in older adults. Accurate measurement of skeletal muscle mass is critical for diagnosis. While DEXA is widely used, its extended scan time limits clinical utility.

Additional Screw Added to the Femoral Neck System Could Enhance the Stability of Pauwel Type III Femoral Neck Fractures: a Finite Element Analysis.

Backgroud: This study explores effective fixation methods for Pauwel type III femoral neck fractures by evaluating the biomechanical benefits of adding a screw to the Femoral Neck System (FNS).

Methods: Computed tomography (CT) scans of an 82-year-old female patient with an intertrochanteric fracture were used to establish a finite element femur model with heterogeneous material properties. Finite element models of Pauwel type III fractures were created with and without an additional screw.

Generate Quantitative Computed Tomography-Equivalent Computed Tomography Image Interpretation Reports in Patients with Spinal Deformities.

Background: Quantitative computed tomography (QCT) is essential for assessing osteoporosis and monitoring spinal deformities. "Clari-QCT," a software that uses artificial intelligence to analyze conventional computed tomography (CT) scans and produce QCTequivalent reports. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Clari-QCT by comparing its results with traditional QCT, with the goal of validating new diagnostic tools for spinal deformities.

Cross-sectional study comparing smart insoles and manual methods for short physical performance battery in hip fracture patients.

Introduction: The Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) is a widely used tool for assessing physical function in older adults, including those who experienced a hip fracture. Traditionally, medical professionals perform the SPPB manually, which is time-consuming and prone to subjective interpretation. However, recent technological advancements have introduced smart insoles that can automatically capture and analyze data related to gait and balance, potentially offering a more objective and efficient method for performing the SPPB.

Comparing Stability, Gait, and Functional Score after 40-mm Dual-Mobility Hip Arthroplasty to 36-mm Head Hip Arthroplasty in Elderly Hip Fracture Patients.

Backgroud: This study aimed to compare the intraoperative stability and early clinical outcomes of 40-mm diameter dual mobility (DM)-total hip arthroplasty (THA) with 36-mm ceramic head (large head) THA in active elderly patients with hip fractures.

Methods: A prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted from May 2022 to December 2022. Inclusion criteria were as follows: age ≥ 60 years, displaced femoral neck fracture, Koval grade 1 or 2, planned 54-mm acetabular component, and over 1-year follow-up.

Correlation between individual thigh muscle volume and grip strength in relation to sarcopenia with automated muscle segmentation.

Introduction: Grip strength serves as a significant marker for diagnosing and assessing sarcopenia, particularly in elderly populations. The study aims to explore the relationship between individual thigh muscle volumes and grip strength, leveraging advanced AI-based UNETR segmentation techniques for accurate muscle volume assessment.

Methods: The study included 49 participants from a cohort of 478 patients diagnosed with hip fractures at Gyeongsang National University Hospital.

Open, Active-Controlled Clinical Study to Evaluate the Correlation between Whole Body DEXA and BIA Muscle Measurements.

Background: Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the gold standard for diagnosing sarcopenia. However, comparative studies using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) would be required in the Korean population. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between total-body bone density measuring devices (Hologic and GE Lunar) and a bioelectrical impedance measurement device (InBody 970) as well as the correlation between upper body muscle mass.

Spine muscle auto segmentation techniques in MRI imaging: a systematic review.

Background: The accurate segmentation of spine muscles plays a crucial role in analyzing musculoskeletal disorders and designing effective rehabilitation strategies. Various imaging techniques such as MRI have been utilized to acquire muscle images, but the segmentation process remains complex and challenging due to the inherent complexity and variability of muscle structures. In this systematic review, we investigate and evaluate methods for automatic segmentation of spinal muscles.

A retrospective evaluation of individual thigh muscle volume disparities based on hip fracture types in followed-up patients: an AI-based segmentation approach using UNETR.

Background: Hip fractures are a common and debilitating condition, particularly among older adults. Loss of muscle mass and strength is a common consequence of hip fractures, which further contribute to functional decline and increased disability. Assessing changes in individual thigh muscles volume in follow-up patients can provide valuable insights into the quantitative recovery process and guide rehabilitation interventions.

Clinical outcomes of COVID-19 infection in patients with osteoporosis: a nationwide cohort study in Korea using the common data model.

Many older patients with COVID-19 likely have co-morbid osteoporosis. We investigated the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients with osteoporosis. This was a retrospective cohort study using national claims data from Korea encoded in the common data model.

Recent Update on the Prevalence of Sarcopenia in Koreans: Findings from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Background: As recognized by the World Health Organization in 2016 with its inclusion in the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision as M62.84, and by South Korea in 2021 as M62.5, the diagnostic guidelines for sarcopenia vary globally.

Digital Templating of Hip Arthroplasty Using Microsoft PowerPoint: A Pilot Study with Technical Details.

Templating is essential in hip arthroplasty preparation, facilitating implant size prediction and surgical rehearsal. It ensures the selection of suitable implants according to patient anatomy and disease, aiming to minimize post-operative complications. Various templating methods exist, including traditional acetate templating on both analog and digital images, alongside digital templating on digital images, which is categorized into 2D and 3D approaches.

Assessment of Automated Identification of Phases in Videos of Total Hip Arthroplasty Using Deep Learning Techniques.

Background: As the population ages, the rates of hip diseases and fragility fractures are increasing, making total hip arthroplasty (THA) one of the best methods for treating elderly patients. With the increasing number of THA surgeries and diverse surgical methods, there is a need for standard evaluation protocols. This study aimed to use deep learning algorithms to classify THA videos and evaluate the accuracy of the labelling of these videos.

Precise individual muscle segmentation in whole thigh CT scans for sarcopenia assessment using U-net transformer.

The study aims to develop a deep learning based automatic segmentation approach using the UNETR(U-net Transformer) architecture to quantify the volume of individual thigh muscles(27 muscles in 5 groups) for Sarcopenia assessment. By automating the segmentation process, this approach improves the efficiency and accuracy of muscle volume calculation, facilitating a comprehensive understanding of muscle composition and its relationship to Sarcopenia. The study utilized a dataset of 72 whole thigh CT scans from hip fracture patients, annotated by two radiologists.

A machine learning model for prediction of sarcopenia in patients with Parkinson's Disease.

Objective: Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) have an increased risk of sarcopenia which is expected to negatively affect gait, leading to poor clinical outcomes including falls. In this study, we investigated the gait patterns of patients with PD with and without sarcopenia (sarcopenia and non-sarcopenia groups, respectively) using an app-derived program and explored if gait parameters could be utilized to predict sarcopenia based on machine learning.

Methods: Clinical and sarcopenia profiles were collected from patients with PD at Hoehn and Yahr (HY) stage ≤ 2.