Associations Between Visual Impairment and Homebound Status, Home Hazards, and Support Service Utilization: The National Health and Aging Trends Study.

Objective: To examine the association between visual impairment (VI) and (1) homebound status, (2) presence of home hazards, and (3) utilization of home-based long-term services and supports (LTSS) among older adults.

Design: Longitudinal and cross-sectional analyses using National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) data (2021-2023).

Subjects: 3,022 Medicare beneficiaries aged ≥71 years (mean age 78.

The complex pangenome is small and shaped by sub-lineage-specific regions of difference.

The complex (MTBC) is a group of bacteria causing tuberculosis (TB) in humans and animals. Understanding MTBC genetic diversity is crucial for insights into its adaptation and traits related to survival, virulence, and antibiotic resistance. While it is known that within-MTBC diversity is characterised by large deletions found only in certain lineages (regions of difference [RDs]), a comprehensive pangenomic analysis incorporating both coding and non-coding regions remains unexplored.

Cold atmospheric plasma improves antifungal responsiveness of Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium keratoplasticum conidia and mycelia.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate sublethal cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) treatment of filamentous fungal pathogen susceptibility to commonly used antifungal drugs in vitro. Response to CAP in combination with voriconazole, fluconazole, amphotericin B, and caspofungin was evaluated in Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium keratoplasticum conidia and mycelium; conidial response to fluconazole was also assessed in three strains of F. falciforme.

Opsoclonus-Myoclonus-Ataxia Syndrome in a Patient With West Nile Virus: Case Report and a Patient's Experience.

Opsoclonus-myoclonus-ataxia syndrome (OMAS) is a rare neurological condition most often diagnosed as a paraneoplastic or parainfectious syndrome. There have been some reports of OMAS in association with West Nile virus (WNV) in the literature, but both treatment and outcomes have been variable. Furthermore, some evidence suggests that patients who are treated earlier in the disease course have better outcomes, both in terms of time to disease remission and long-term symptom relief.

Breakfast Habits, Anthropometry, and Nutrition-Related Outcomes in Adolescents From Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Breakfast skipping is a commonly reported dietary habit among adolescents despite this life stage marked by critical growth and development. Limited comparable evidence exists from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where the detrimental effect of inadequate diets remains a major public health challenge. We conducted a systematic review to assess the scientific evidence available from LMICs regarding the association of breakfast skipping and consumption habits and anthropometry- and nutrition-related outcomes in adolescents 10-19 years old.

Genetic and phenotypic analysis of the virulence plasmid of a non-Shigatoxigenic enteroaggregative O104:H4 outbreak strain.

Enteroaggregative O104:H4 is best known for causing a worldwide outbreak in 2011 due to the acquisition of a Shiga-like toxin alongside traditional enteroaggregative virulence traits; however, whilst the 2011 outbreak strain has been well studied, the virulence plasmid of O104:H4 has been subjected to far less experimental analysis. In this paper, we analyse the genetic and phenotypic contribution of the pAA virulence plasmid to a non-Shigatoxigenic O104:H4 strain (1070/13) that was nonetheless implicated in a substantial UK outbreak in 2013. We find that pAA is 99.

Genomic and phenotypic characterization of staphylococci isolated from the skin of non-human primates.

The growth of wildlife tourism coupled with continued deforestation has resulted in increased contact between non-human primates (NHPs) and humans. Such events may promote the transmission of potentially pathogenic bacteria such as spp. However, the presence and associated virulence of staphylococci associated with NHPs remain poorly characterized.

Shared mechanisms of enhanced plasmid maintenance and antibiotic tolerance mediated by the VapBC toxin:antitoxin system.

Unlabelled: Toxin:antitoxin (TA) systems are widespread in bacteria and were first identified as plasmid addiction systems that kill bacteria lacking a TA-encoding plasmid following cell division. TA systems have also been implicated in bacterial persistence and antibiotic tolerance, which can be precursors of antibiotic resistance. Here, we identified a clinical isolate of (CS14) with a remarkably stable pINV virulence plasmid; pINV is usually frequently lost from , but plasmid loss was not detected from CS14.

Falls and Multiple Falls Among United States Older Adults With Vision Impairment.

Purpose: To examine the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between visual impairment (VI) and falls in United States older adults.

Design: Retrospective cross-sectional and cohort study.

Methods: This study utilized data from the National Health and Aging Trends Study 2021 and 2022.

Read-write mechanisms of H2A ubiquitination by Polycomb repressive complex 1.

Epigenetic inheritance of silent chromatin domains is fundamental to cellular memory during embryogenesis, but it must overcome the dilution of repressive histone modifications during DNA replication. One such modification, histone H2A lysine 119 monoubiquitination (H2AK119Ub), needs to be re-established by the Polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1) E3 ligase to restore the silent Polycomb domain. However, the exact mechanism behind this restoration remains unknown.

Telemedicine in Eye Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Review of Patient & Physician Perspectives.

Purpose: There has been an increase in the adoption of telemedicine during the COVID-19 pandemic. This review used systematic search and review criteria to assess the literature on patient and physician perspectives toward telemedicine for vision care during the pandemic.

Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search on PubMed, Embase, and Scopus using relevant MeSH terms to identify peer-reviewed studies examining telemedicine use in eye care during the pandemic.

A rapid microwave approach for 'one-pot' synthesis of antibiotic conjugated silver nanoparticles with antimicrobial activity against multi-drug resistant bacterial pathogens.

Deaths directly attributable to drug-resistant infections reached 1.27 million in 2019 and continue to rise. This escalating resistance to antibiotics has driven a resurgence in the exploration of ancient antimicrobials to develop efficacious alternatives.

Plasma Control: A Review of Developments and Applications of Plasma Medicine Control Mechanisms.

Cold atmospheric plasmas (CAPs) within recent years have shown great promise in the field of plasma medicine, encompassing a variety of treatments from wound healing to the treatment of cancerous tumors. For each subsequent treatment, a different application of CAPs has been postulated and attempted to best treat the target for the most effective results. These treatments have varied through the implementation of control parameters such as applied settings, electrode geometries, gas flow, and the duration of the treatment.

Impact of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors on Pathologic Complete Response With Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer.

Introduction: The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has been demonstrated to modulate cell proliferation, desmoplasia, angiogenesis and immunosuppression. We examined the association of RAS inhibitors (RASi)-namely angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB)-with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) preceding radical cystectomy (RC).

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively investigated concurrent RASi use with NAC prior to RC in 302 patients with MIBC from 3 academic institutions.

Cold atmospheric plasma inactivates and biofilms and conidia .

and are common causative pathogens of fungal keratitis (FK), a severe corneal disease associated with significant morbidity and vision loss. Escalating incidence of antifungal resistance to available antifungal drugs poses a major challenge to FK treatment. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is a pioneering nonpharmacologic antimicrobial intervention that has demonstrated potential as a broad-spectrum antifungal treatment.

Evaluation of phenotypic and genotypic methods for the identification and characterization of bacterial isolates recovered from catheter-associated urinary tract infections.

Aims: Urinary tract infections are the most common hospital-acquired infection, 80% of which are associated with catheterization. Diagnostic methods may influence the reported identities of these pathogens, and phenotypic testing under laboratory conditions may not reflect infection phenotypes. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of diagnostic methods and whether medium composition alters phenotypes by characterizing catheter-associated urinary tract infection isolates from a UK hospital.

Perioperative cyclooxygenase inhibition and postoperative pancreatic fistula after pancreatoduodenectomy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of comparative studies.

Background: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use has been investigated as a modifiable risk factor for postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) after pancreatoduodenectomy (PD). This study comprises a systematic review and meta-analysis examining the impact of perioperative NSAID use on rates of POPF after PD.

Methods: A Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020-compliant systematic review was performed.

PROTOCOL: Breakfast consumption, anthropometry, and nutrition-related outcomes in adolescents from low- and middle-income countries: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives This is the protocol for a Campbell systematic review. The objectives are as follows: The aim of this systematic review is to examine the scientific evidence available from low- and middle-income countries on the association of breakfast consumption habits and anthropometry/adiposity- and nutrition-related outcomes in adolescents aged 10-19 years old.

Assessment of periodontal health status in patients with Parkinson's disease-A systematic review and meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies.

Introduction: Parkinson's disease (PKD) is neurodegenerative disorder marked by tremors, bradykinesia, muscle rigidity and reduction in precise hand movements which could lead to improper oral hygiene and Periodontal disease. Current systematic review aims to review existing literature and provide assessment of periodontal health in PKD patients through a meta-analysis METHODS: Review was performed in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines and registered in PROSPERO-CRD42023451700. Databases were searched for studies having sufficient data on periodontal health in patients with PKD compared to healthy controls and reporting outcomes in terms of various periodontal parameters of probing depth (PD), plaque index (PI), clinical attachment level (CAL), presence of bleeding on probing and gingivitis.

Digital Technology Use Among Older Adults With Vision Impairment.

Importance: Telehealth has the potential to improve health for older adults, but many access disparities exist, including for those with vision impairment (VI).

Objective: To examine the associations between VI and digital technology access measures in US older adults.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This was a cross-sectional study that included Medicare beneficiaries 65 years and older.

Comprehensive multiplexed autoantibody profiling of patients with advanced urothelial cancer.

Background: Comprehensive profiling of autoantibodies (AAbs) in metastatic urothelial cancer (mUC) has not been performed to date. This may aid in diagnosis of UC, uncover novel therapeutic targets in this disease as well as identify associations between AAbs and response and toxicity to systemic therapies.

Methods: We used serum from patients with mUC collected prior to and after systemic therapy (immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) or platinum-based chemotherapy (PBC)) at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute.