Reducing neuroinflammation through PKCγ/p38/NF-κB signaling pathway: the mechanism of Danzhi Xiaoyaosan in improving post-stroke depression.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Post-stroke depression (PSD) is a common sequela of stroke, causing tremendous mental burden to patients. Danzhi Xiaoyao San (DZX) is a widely used traditional Chinese medicine formula for the clinical treatment of PSD and has favorable therapeutic effects. However, its mechanism of action in treating PSD is still unclear.

Exploring the neuroplasticity hypothesis in depression: The role of traditional Chinese herbal medicine.

Background: Depression is a mental disorder that seriously affects global health, and its pathogenesis involves multiple factors, including changes in neuroplasticity. The neuroplasticity hypothesis suggests that there may be functional and structural abnormalities in synaptic plasticity, neuronal generation and maturation, neural circuits and related signaling pathways in patients with depression. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), as a traditional treatment method, has attracted increasing attention in the field of neuropharmacology in recent years due to its high efficiency and low toxicity.

The extract of chrysanthemum flos mitigates post-stroke sarcopenia by inhibiting PANoptosis and restoring muscle homeostasis.

Background: Sarcopenia and muscle weakness are prevalent complications of ischemic stroke (IS), with limited pharmacological options. This study identifies high-dose extracts of Chrysanthemum Flos (ECF) as a potential therapy for post-stroke muscle dysfunction by targeting PANoptosis-a pro-inflammatory programmed cell death pathway. Through its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, ECF attenuates muscle atrophy and enhances functional recovery, offering novel insights into ISS treatment.

Corticosterone-induced postpartum depression induces depression-like behavior and impairs hippocampal neurogenesis in adolescent offspring via HPA axis and BDNF-mTOR pathway.

Postpartum depression (PPD) adversely affects the growth and development of the offspring, increasing the risk of various internalizing behaviorsduring adolescence. Studies have shown that corticosterone (CORT)-induced PPD affects neurogenesis in the offspring, which is closely related to the onset of depression. However, the underlying mechanisms of these changes in the offspring of PPD mothers remain unexplored.

Phytochemistry, pharmacological properties and pharmacokinetics of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium: A systematic review.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (CRP), known as Chen Pi in China, is the most commonly used medicine for regulating qi. As a traditional medicine, CRP has been extensively used in the clinical treatment of nausea, vomiting, cough and phlegm for thousands of years. It is mainly distributed in Guangdong, Sichuan, Fujian and Zhejiang in China.

The anti-depression effect and potential mechanism of the petroleum ether fraction of CDB: Integrated network pharmacology and metabolomics.

The combination of Chaidangbo (CDB) is an antidepressant traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription simplified by Xiaoyaosan (a classic antidepressant TCM prescription) through dismantling research, which has the effect of dispersing stagnated liver qi and nourishing blood in TCM theory. Although the antidepressant effect of CBD has been confirmed in animal studies, the material basis and possible molecular mechanism for antidepressant activity in CBD have not been clearly elucidated. Herein, we investigated the effects and potential mechanisms of CDB antidepressant fraction (petroleum ether fraction of CDB, PEFC) on chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depression-like behavior in mice using network pharmacology and metabolomics.

The extraction, purification, structural features, bioactivities, and applications of Schisandra chinensis polysaccharides: A review.

Schisandra chinensis, as a famous medicinal and food homologous plant, has a long history of medicinal and dietary therapy. It has the functions of nourishing the kidney, calming the heart, tranquilising the mind, tonifying Qi and producing fluid to relieve mental stress, based on the theory of traditional Chinese medicine. Accumulating evidence has shown that S.

Traditional Chinese medicine in regulating macrophage polarization in immune response of inflammatory diseases.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Numerous studies have demonstrated that various traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) exhibit potent anti-inflammatory effects against inflammatory diseases mediated through macrophage polarization and metabolic reprogramming.

Aim Of The Study: The objective of this review was to assess and consolidate the current understanding regarding the pathogenic mechanisms governing macrophage polarization in the context of regulating inflammatory diseases. We also summarize the mechanism action of various TCMs on the regulation of macrophage polarization, which may contribute to facilitate the development of natural anti-inflammatory drugs based on reshaping macrophage polarization.

Potential therapeutic effects of Chinese herbal medicine in postpartum depression: Mechanisms and future directions.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Postpartum depression (PPD) is a common psychiatric disorder in women after childbirth. Per data from epidemiologic studies, PPD affects about 5%-26.32% of postpartum mothers worldwide.

Rosmarinic acid alleviate CORT-induced depressive-like behavior by promoting neurogenesis and regulating BDNF/TrkB/PI3K signaling axis.

Rosmarinic acid (RA), a natural phenolic acid compound with a variety of bioactive properties. However, the antidepressant activity and mechanism of RA remain unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects and potential mechanisms of RA on chronic CORT injection induced depression-like behavior in mice.

The antidepressant-like effects of Danzhi Xiaoyao San and its active ingredients.

Background: Depression is a severe mental illness that endangers human health. Depressed individuals are prone to sleep less and to the loss of appetite for food; their thinking and cognition processes, as well as mood, may even be affected. Danzhi Xiaoyao San (DXS), documented in the Internal Medicine Summary, has been used for hundreds of years in China and is widely applied traditionally to treat liver qi stagnation, liver and spleen blood deficiency, menstrual disorders, and spontaneous and night sweating.

Jing-Fang powder ethyl acetate extracts attenuate atopic dermatitis by modulating T-cell activity.

Jing-Fang powder ethyl acetate extract (JFEE) and its isolated C (JFEE-C) possess favorable anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic properties; however, their inhibitory effects on T cell activity remain unknown. In vitro, Jurkat T cells and primary mouse CD4 T cells were used to explore the regulatory effects of JFEE and JFEE-C as well as their potential mechanisms on activated T cells. Furthermore, T cell-mediated atopic dermatitis (AD) mouse model was established to confirm these inhibitory effects in vivo.

Metabolites from scutellarin alleviating deferoxamine-induced hypoxia injury in BV2 cells cultured on microfluidic chip combined with a mass spectrometer.

The changes of metabolites of tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle in cells under hypoxia play a key role in drug screening. In order to dynamically monitor the drug metabolism changes of Scutellarin in the hypoxia environment induced by deferoxamine (DFO), a microfluidic-chip mass spectrometry method was used to study the real-time monitoring of drug metabolism changes under hypoxia conditions. This system has six drug-loading units, cell culture chamber, metabolite collection, filtration, HPLC separation and mass spectrometer.

[Mechanism of essential oil from Schizonepeta tenuifolia in treatment of depression based on network pharmacology and experimental verification].

This paper aimed to explore the antidepressant effect of the essential oil from Schizonepeta tenuifolia Briq.(EOST) on the treatment of depression and its mechanism by using a combination of network pharmacology and the mouse model of lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced depression. The chemical components in EOST were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometer(GC-MS), and 12 active components were selected as the study objects.

Structural diversity and bioactivity of polysaccharides from medicinal mushroom Phellinus spp.: A review.

Phellinus spp., an important medicinal fungus mushroom extensively cultivated and consumed in East Asia for over 2000 years, is traditionally considered a precious food supplement and medicinal ingredient. Published studies showed that the polysaccharides are major bioactive macromolecules from Phellinus spp.

The antitumour activity of C steroidal glycosides and their derivatives of Baishouwu: A review.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Baishouwu has been used in China for thousands of years since it was first discovered in the late Tang Dynasty and flourished in the Song and Ming Dynasties. The Chinese herbal medicines named Baishouwu include Cynanchum auriculatum Royle ex Wight., Cynanchum bungei Decne.

Fengreqing Oral Liquid Exerts Anti-Inflammatory Effects by Promoting Apoptosis and Inhibiting PI3K/AKT and NF-κB Signaling Pathways.

Fengreqing oral liquid (FOL), a Chinese patent drug frequently used in clinical practice in China, is effective in treating inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract such as colds and flu. However, its anti-inflammatory effects and mechanisms remain to be elucidated. In this study, the anti-inflammatory effects of FOL and its mechanisms on PI3K/AKT and NF-κB signaling pathways in LPS-induced RAW264.

Cinnamic acid preserves against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury via suppression of NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD signaling pathway.

Background: Cinnamic acid (CA) is an active organic acid compound extracted from Cinnamomi ramulus that has various biological activities. There is growing studies have shown that the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome significantly contributes to sterile inflammatory response and pyroptosis in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MI/RI). However, whether CA has any influence on NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis during MI/RI are not fully elucidated.

Recent research advances in polysaccharides from Undaria pinnatifida: Isolation, structures, bioactivities, and applications.

Undaria pinnatifida, one of the most widespread seafood consumed in China and many other nations, has been traditionally utilized as an effective therapeutically active substance for edema, phlegm elimination and diuresis, and detumescence for more than 2000 years. Numerous studies have found that polysaccharides of U. pinnatifida play an indispensable role in the nutritional and medicinal value.

Xiaoyaosan ethyl acetate fraction alleviates depression-like behaviors in CUMS mice by promoting hippocampal neurogenesis via modulating the IGF-1Rβ/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Xiaoyaosan (XYS), a representative and classic traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription with function of dispersing stagnated liver and strengthening spleen, has been used for thousands of years to treat depression. XYS' anti-depression effect has been demonstrated both clinically and experimentally; however, the material basis for this effect has yet to be elucidated.

Aim Of The Study: This study aimed to evaluate the impact and underlying action mechanism of XYS' antidepressant active component (Xiaoyaosan ethyl acetate fraction, XYSEF) against chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depression-like behavior in mice.

JFNE-A isolated from Jing-Fang n-butanol extract attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting oxidative stress and the NF-κB signaling pathway via promotion of autophagy.

Background: Jing-Fang powder consists of Jingjie (Nepeta tenuifolia Benth, (Lamiaceae)). and Fangfeng (Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk, (Apiaceae)) Previous studies have revealed that the Jing-Fang powder n-butanol extract (JFNE) has anti-acute lung injury (ALI) and anti-inflammatory properties; however, the active ingredient and mechanism remain unknown.

Cepharanthine Suppresses Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Replication Through the Downregulation of the PI3K/Akt and p38 MAPK Signaling Pathways.

Cepharanthine (CEP) is a naturally occurring isoquinoline alkaloid extracted from Hayata. Although its underlying molecular mechanism is not fully understood, this compound is reported as a promising antiviral drug. In the present study, we explore the anti-HSV-1 effects and the underlying molecular mechanisms of CEP .

Xiaoyao Pills Ameliorate Depression-like Behaviors and Oxidative Stress Induced by Olfactory Bulbectomy in Rats via the Activation of the PIK3CA-AKT1-NFE2L2/BDNF Signaling Pathway.

Numerous studies have revealed that oxidative stress is closely associated with the occurrence and development of depression. Xiaoyao Pills (XYW) are included in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia and are frequently used for treating anxiety and depression by smoothing the liver, strengthening the spleen, and nourishing the blood. However, the antidepressant effects of XYW have not yet been thoroughly investigated.

Anti-type I allergic effects of Jing-Fang powder extracts via PI3K/Akt pathway in vitro and in vivo.

Jing-Fang powder (Schizonepeta tenuifolia Briq. and Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk.