Exploring Core and Bridge Symptoms Among People With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in China: A Network Analysis.

Aim: To explore the network characteristics of symptom clusters in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus through network analysis, identify the core and bridging symptoms within the symptom network, and provide a foundation for targeted interventions and symptom management in people with T2DM.

Design: A cross-sectional survey.

Methods: A total of 360 people with T2DM who were hospitalised in the endocrinology departments of two hospitals with Grade A in Daqing City between August 2024 and February 2025 were selected using a convenience sampling method.

Enantiodivergent Access to Acyclic Quaternary Stereocenters by Nitrilase-Catalyzed Desymmetrizing Hydrolysis of Malononitriles.

The desymmetrization of fully substituted carbons bearing a pair of enantiotopic functional groups represents a pragmatic approach to the synthesis of quaternary stereocenters. Prochiral α,α-disubstituted malononitriles are of particular interest due to the simplicity of their preparation, the programmable introduction of functional substituents, and the high synthetic value of the resulting enantioenriched nitriles. Nevertheless, the asymmetric catalytic transformation of these malononitriles to all-carbon quaternary stereocenters represents a significant challenge.

Preliminary study on the active substances and cellular pathways of lactic acid bacteria for colorectal cancer treatment.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignant tumor and is one of the three most common cancers worldwide. Traditional surgical treatment, supplemented by chemotherapy and radiotherapy, has obvious side effects on patients. Immunotherapy may lead to some unpredictable complications.

Sexual needs of people with schizophrenia: a descriptive phenomenological study.

Background: Sexual health is one of the main areas of health and basic human rights which has been paid less attention in schizophrenia. Most studies have focused on sexual dysfunction rather than the sexual needs of people with schizophrenia. This study explores the sexual needs of people with schizophrenia and identify factors hindering sexual activities.

CircRNA and miRNA expression profiles during remote ischemic postconditioning attenuate brain ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Remote ischemic postconditioning (RIPostC) is a protective procedure for brain damage caused by ischemia/reperfusion (IR), yet the mechanism of this treatment remains to be elucidated. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are endogenous non-coding RNAs that have recently been recognized to play vital roles in ischemic brain injury. The aim of this study was to explore the role of circRNAs in the protective mechanism of RIPostC and to analyze the circRNA-microRNA (miRNA) regulation network in RIPostC.

Neuroprotective effects of long noncoding RNAs involved in ischemic postconditioning after ischemic stroke.

During acute reperfusion, the expression profiles of long noncoding RNAs in adult rats with focal cerebral ischemia undergo broad changes. However, whether long noncoding RNAs are involved in neuroprotective effects following focal ischemic stroke in rats remains unclear. In this study, RNA isolation and library preparation was performed for long noncoding RNA sequencing, followed by determining the coding potential of identified long noncoding RNAs and target gene prediction.

Negative regulation by proBDNF signaling of peripheral neurogenesis in the sensory ganglia of adult rats.

Neurogenesis in the adult brain is well recognized and plays a critical role in the maintenance of brain function and homeostasis. However, whether neurogenesis also occurs in the adult peripheral nervous system remains unknown. Here, using sensory ganglia (dorsal root ganglia, DRGs) as a model, we show that neurogenesis also occurs in the peripheral nervous system, but in a manner different from that in the central nervous system.

The 4-hook anchor coaxial needle with scaled suture is superior to the double spring coil for preoperative localization.

Background: Preoperative localization of small size pulmonary nodules is challenging, but it is necessary for surgical resection of early lung cancer. As a new device for preoperative localization, the 4-hook-anchor coaxial needle with scaled suture was tentatively applied in our department to improve the effect of preoperative localization. However, double spring coil, as a proven positioning technology, used to be our preferred method in the past.

Advances in intervention methods and brain protection mechanisms of in situ and remote ischemic postconditioning.

Ischemic postconditioning (PostC) conventionally refers to a series of brief blood vessel occlusions and reperfusions, which can induce an endogenous neuroprotective effect and reduce cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Depending on the site of adaptive ischemic intervention, PostC can be classified as in situ ischemic postconditioning (ISPostC) and remote ischemic postconditioning (RIPostC). Many studies have shown that ISPostC and RIPostC can reduce cerebral IS injury through protective mechanisms that increase cerebral blood flow after reperfusion, decrease antioxidant stress and anti-neuronal apoptosis, reduce brain edema, and regulate autophagy as well as Akt, MAPK, PKC, and KATP channel cell signaling pathways.

Different ischemic duration and frequency of ischemic postconditioning affect neuroprotection in focal ischemic stroke.

Background: Many studies have confirmed that "in situ ischemia postconditioning" (ISPostC) and "remote ischemic postconditioning" (RIPostC) can reduce cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, but there is no comparison was made on the consistency of neuroprotection in ISPostC and RIPostC to different ischemic duration and number of cycles.

New Method: We used a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion model to compare the neuroprotection of ISPostC and RIPostC. We conducted ISPostC and RIPostC via brief and repeated MCA and Femoral artery occlusion followed by different ischemic duration and number of cycles.

Unavoidable Destroyed Exergy in Crude Oil Pipelines due to Wax Precipitation.

Based on the technological requirements related to waxy crude oil pipeline transportation, both unavoidable and avoidable destroyed exergy are defined. Considering the changing characteristics of flow pattern and flow regime over the course of the oil transportation process, a method of dividing station oil pipelines into transportation intervals is suggested according to characteristic temperatures, such as the wax precipitation point and abnormal point. The critical transition temperature and the specific heat capacity of waxy crude oil are calculated, and an unavoidable destroyed exergy formula is derived.

A novel primary culture method for high-purity satellite glial cells derived from rat dorsal root ganglion.

Satellite glial cells surround neurons within dorsal root ganglia. Previous studies have focused on single-cell suspensions of cultured neurons derived from rat dorsal root ganglia. At present, the primary culture method for satellite glial cells derived from rat dorsal root ganglia requires no digestion skill.

Notoginsenoside R1 Promotes the Growth of Neonatal Rat Cortical Neurons via the Wnt/β-catenin Signaling Pathway.

Background & Objective: Notoginsenoside R1 (NGR1) is one of the main effective components of Panax notoginseng.

Method: Primary cortical neurons were harvested from neonatal rats and cultured to analyze the role of NGR1 in neuronal growth and the effects of NGR1 on the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Following treatment with NGR1, immunocytochemistry was used to detect expression of Tuj1 and MAP2, and RT-qPCR was used to measure mRNA levels of key factors in the Wnt signaling pathway.

Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor Promotes Growth of Neurons and Neural Stem Cells Possibly by Triggering the Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase/ AKT/Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3β/β-catenin Pathway.

Background: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays a crucial role in promoting survival and differentiation of neurons and neural stem cells (NSCs), but the downstream regulating mechanisms remain poorly understood.

Objective: We investigated whether BDNF exerts its effect by triggering the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B, PKB (AKT), glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) and β-catenin signaling pathway in cultured neurons and NSCs derived from the rat embryonic spinal cord.

Method: Immunocytochemistry was used to detect neuronal and NSCs characteristics.

Region-specific expression of precursor and mature brain-derived neurotrophic factors after chronic alcohol exposure.

Background: Alcohol abuse is a serious health problem worldwide that causes a variety of physical and mental disorders. Research has shown that the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays an important role in alcohol addiction. The BDNF precursor (proBDNF) exhibits different actions than BDNF through separate receptors and pathways in the central nervous system.

BDNF promotes human neural stem cell growth via GSK-3β-mediated crosstalk with the wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays important roles in neural stem cell (NSC) growth. In this study, we investigated whether BDNF exerts its neurotrophic effects through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in human embryonic spinal cord NSCs (hESC-NSCs) in vitro. We found an increase in hESC-NSC growth by BDNF overexpression.

Expression pattern of β-catenin during the development of human fetal spinal cord.

Development of the human fetal spinal cord is a very complicated process involving numerous signaling pathways including Wnt signaling pathways. These pathways are critical for the development and function of the mammalian nervous system. β-Catenin is a key molecule in the canonical Wnt signaling pathway.

BDNF promotes the growth of human neurons through crosstalk with the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway via GSK-3β.

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays an important role in neuronal growth; however, the downstream regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we investigated whether BDNF exerts its neurotrophic effects through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in human embryonic spinal cord neurons in vitro. We found that neuronal growth (soma size and average neurite length) was increased by transfection with a BDNF overexpression plasmid.

Expression pattern of NeuN and GFAP during human fetal spinal cord development.

Purpose: The development of the human embryonic spinal cord is very complicated, and many cell types are involved in the process. However, the morphological characteristics of neuronal and glial cells during the development of the human fetal spinal cord have not been described. We investigated the systemic distributions and expression pattern of the cell type-specific markers Neuron-specific nuclear protein (NeuN) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) during the development of the human fetal spinal cord, in order to clarify the detailed developmental changes of neuronal and glial cells in chronological and spatial aspects.

Sodium Channel Voltage-Gated Beta 2 Plays a Vital Role in Brain Aging Associated with Synaptic Plasticity and Expression of COX5A and FGF-2.

The role of sodium channel voltage-gated beta 2 (SCN2B) in brain aging is largely unknown. The present study was therefore designed to determine the role of SCN2B in brain aging by using the senescence-accelerated mice prone 8 (SAMP8), a brain senescence-accelerated animal model, together with the SCN2B transgenic mice. The results showed that SAMP8 exhibited impaired learning and memory functions, assessed by the Morris water maze test, as early as 8 months of age.

A new benzopyran derivative from Pseuduvaria indochinensis Merr.

From the twigs and leaves of Pseuduvaria indochinensis Merr., a new benzopyran derivative, pseudindochin (1), was isolated together with three known compounds, oligandrol (2), (6E,10E)-isopolycerasoidol (3) and polycerasoidol (4). The structure of compound 1 was elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic data interpretation, including 1D, 2D NMR, HR-ESI-MS, UV and IR.

Construction of triazolyl bidentate glycoligands (TBGs) by grafting of 3-azidocoumarin to epimeric pyranoglycosides via a fluorogenic dual click reaction.

Glycoligands, which feature a glycoside as the central template incorporating Lewis bases as metal chelation sites and various fluorophores as the chemical reporter, represent a range of interesting scaffolds for development of chemosensors. Here, new types of triazolyl bidentate glycoligands (TBGs) based on the grafting of 3-azidocoumarin to the C2,3- or C4,6-positions of three epimeric pyranoglycosides including a glucoside, a galactoside, and a mannoside were efficiently synthesized via a fluorogenic dual click reaction assisted by microwave irradiation. The desired TBGs were afforded in high conversion rates (>90%) and reasonable yields (∼70%).

A unique and rapid approach toward the efficient development of novel protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) inhibitors based on 'clicked' pseudo-glycopeptides.

There has been considerable interest in the development of protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) inhibitors since many of the PTP members are tightly associated with major human diseases including autoimmune disorders, diabetes and cancer. We report here a unique and rapid approach toward the development of novel PTP inhibitor entities based on triazolyl pseudo-glycopeptides. By employing microwave-accelerated Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition (CuAAC or 'click reaction'), a series of triazole-linked serinyl, threoninyl, phenylalaninyl and tyrosinyl 1-O-gluco- or galactosides have been efficiently synthesized in high yields within only ~30 min.

Role of NGF in spared DRG following partial dorsal rhizotomy in cats.

Neuroplasticity occurs in the spinal cord in response to lesions, but less is known about the underlying mechanism. This investigation explored the role of intrinsic NGF in axonal sprouting of dorsal root ganglia (DRG) in cats subjected to unilateral removal of L1-L5, L7-S2 DRG, but leaving the L6 DRG (spared DRG) undamaged. The expression of mRNA and protein for NGF and TrkA increased significantly by using in situ hybridization histochemistry and immunohistochemistry.