Effects of Hydrolysis Reaction and Abrasive Drag Force Accelerator on Enhancing Si-Wafer Polishing Rate and Improving Si-Wafer Surface Roughness.

To satisfy the superior surface quality requirements in the fabrication of HBM (High-Bandwidth Memory) and 3D NAND Flash Memory, high-efficiency Si chemical mechanical planarization (CMP) is essential. In this study, a colloidal silica abrasive-based Si-wafer CMP slurry was developed to simultaneously achieve a high polishing rate (≥10 nm/min) and low surface roughness (≤0.2 nm) without inducing CMP-induced scratches.

Long-Term Shape and Volume Retention of Acellular Dermal Matrix in Oncoplastic Breast-Conserving Surgery: A 2-Year Retrospective Study.

: To quantitatively assess the long-term volume stability of acellular dermal matrix (ADM) in oncoplastic breast-conserving surgery (OBCS) and analyze surgical and aesthetic outcomes. : This retrospective study examined 172 breast cancer patients who underwent OBCS with immediate ADM-based volume replacement (2020-2022). Patients received either diced ADM with sheet ADM ( = 102) or diced ADM with paste ADM (n = 70).

Impact of Tumor Location on Aesthetic Outcomes in Oncoplastic Breast-Conserving Surgery: A Retrospective Comparison of Three Acellular Dermal Matrix Techniques.

: Oncoplastic breast-conserving surgery (OBCS) with acellular dermal matrix (ADM) has gained prominence in contemporary breast cancer management, yet evidence-based guidelines for selecting optimal ADM techniques based on the tumor location remain undefined. This investigation evaluated the impact of the tumor quadrant location and ADM application methodology on aesthetic outcomes, patient satisfaction, and postoperative complications following OBCS. : This retrospective comparative analysis examined 229 patients who underwent OBCS with immediate ADM-based volume replacement (2020-2022) utilizing three distinct techniques: the diced ADM with sheet technique (n = 102), the diced ADM with paste-type micronized technique (n = 70), or the diced ADM-only technique (n = 57).

Remdesivir alleviates joint damage in collagen-induced arthritis and inhibits inflammatory cell death of RA synovial fibroblasts.

Background: The antiviral agent, remdesivir, is adenosine analogue which is currently also used as anti-coronavirus disease 2019. Remdesivir also had anti-inflammatory effect which reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine production, and inhibition of the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-STING pathway.

Methods: We evaluated the antiarthritic effects of remdesivir in a mouse model of High-fat diet (HFD) collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and in fibroblast-like synoviocytes from patients with RA.

Correlation between Collagen Type I/III Ratio and Scar Formation in Patients Undergoing Immediate Reconstruction with the Round Block Technique after Breast-Conserving Surgery.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the collagen type I/III ratio and scarring in patients who underwent immediate reconstruction with the round block technique (RBT) after breast conservation surgery. Seventy-eight patients were included, and demographic and clinical characteristics were recorded. The collagen type I/III ratio was measured using immunofluorescence staining and digital imaging, and scarring was assessed using the Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS).

Correlation between acellular dermal matrix (ADM) volume and breast implant size selection among patients undergoing prepectoral direct-to-implant (DTI) breast reconstruction using complete ADM.

Background: In prepectoral direct-to-implant breast reconstruction using the acellular dermal matrix (ADM)-assisted technique, breast volume asymmetry can occur. We hypothesized that ADM size influences implant size selection in prepectoral breast reconstruction with implant coverage using an ADM. We investigated factors influencing implant size selection and provide guidelines for surgeons.

Silicon Wafer CMP Slurry Using a Hydrolysis Reaction Accelerator with an Amine Functional Group Remarkably Enhances Polishing Rate.

Recently, as an alternative solution for overcoming the scaling-down limitations of logic devices with design length of less than 3 nm and enhancing DRAM operation performance, 3D heterogeneous packaging technology has been intensively researched, essentially requiring Si wafer polishing at a very high Si polishing rate (500 nm/min) by accelerating the degree of the hydrolysis reaction (i.e., Si-O-H) on the polished Si wafer surface during CMP.

Changing Susceptibility of Staphylococci in Patients with Implant-Based Breast Reconstructions: A Single-Center Experience.

: Infections and capsular contractures remain unresolved issues in implant-based breast reconstruction. Capsular contractures are thought to be caused by the endogenous flora of the nipple duct. However, little is known about the antibiotic susceptibility of the microorganisms involved.

"Tear-Drop Appearance" Wrap: A Novel Implant Coverage Method for Creating Natural Contour in Prepectoral Prosthetic-Based Breast Reconstruction.

Various implant wrapping methods with acellular dermal matrix (ADM) have been introduced, but most focus on random trimming and suturing aimed to maximize implant coverage. Here we present our clinical experience using a "tear-drop appearance" wrapping method to achieve natural contours through upper pole volume replacement. We retrospectively reviewed the data of 56 consecutive cases of prepectoral prosthetic-based breast reconstruction (PPBR) using this wrapping method following nipple-sparing mastectomy between March 2020 and June 2021.

Review of 107 Oncoplastic Surgeries Using an Acellular Dermal Matrix with the Round Block Technique.

The round block technique (RBT) is an oncoplastic surgery method that uses volume displacement techniques after partial mastectomy. However, cosmetic problems occur after tissue rearrangement in patients with small breasts or those in whom a large amount of breast tissue is excised. Therefore, we used an acellular dermal matrix (ADM) when the volume was insufficient after tissue rearrangement.

Surface Transformation of Spin-on-Carbon Film via Forming Carbon Iron Complex for Remarkably Enhanced Polishing Rate.

To scale down semiconductor devices to a size less than the design rule of 10 nm, lithography using a carbon polymer hard-mask was applied, e.g., spin-on-carbon (SOC) film.

Polymer link breakage of polyimide-film-surface using hydrolysis reaction accelerator for enhancing chemical-mechanical-planarization polishing-rate.

In this study, the chemical decomposition of a polyimide-film (i.e., a PI-film)-surface into a soft-film-surface containing negatively charged pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) and neutral 4,4'-oxydianiline (ODA) was successfully performed.

Evaluation of Radiation Resistance of Polystyrene Using Molecular Dynamics Simulation.

The scission rates of polystyrene and fluorinated polystyrene irradiated in an irradiation facility with Co-60 γ-rays were determined using molecular dynamics simulation and gel permeation chromatography (GPC) molecular weight distributions. The prediction was based on the assumption that γ-ray energy is transferred to the initial velocity of the primary knock-on atom. We employed a molecular dynamics simulation procedure to compute the changes in bond length between the connections for selected values of the absorbed dose and compared the calculated values with measurements made on the irradiated samples.

Scavenger with Protonated Phosphite Ions for Incredible Nanoscale ZrO-Abrasive Dispersant Stability Enhancement and Related Tungsten-Film Surface Chemical-Mechanical Planarization.

For scaling-down advanced nanoscale semiconductor devices, tungsten (W)-film surface chemical mechanical planarization (CMP) has rapidly evolved to increase the W-film surface polishing rate via Fenton-reaction acceleration and enhance nanoscale-abrasive (i.e., ZrO) dispersant stability in the CMP slurry by adding a scavenger to suppress the Fenton reaction.

Preliminary Study on the Simulation of a Radiation Damage Analysis of Biodegradable Polymers.

In this study, biodegradable poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLCL) and poly(L-co-d,l lactide) (PLDLA) were evaluated using Geant4 (G4EmStandardPhysics_option4) for damage simulation, in order to predict the safety of these biodegradable polymers against gamma ray sterilization. In the PLCL damage model, both chain scission and crosslinking reactions appear to occur at a radiation dose in the range 0-200 kGy, but the chain cleavage reaction is expected to be relatively dominant at high irradiation doses above 500 kGy. On the other hand, the PLDLA damage model predicted that the chain cleavage reaction would prevail at the total irradiation dose (25-500 kGy).

Super fine cerium hydroxide abrasives for SiO film chemical mechanical planarization performing scratch free.

Face-centered-cubic crystallized super-fine (~ 2 nm in size) wet-ceria-abrasives are synthesized using a novel wet precipitation process that comprises a Ce precursor, CHN catalyst, and NaOH titrant for a synthesized termination process at temperature of at temperature of 25 °C. This process overcomes the limitations of chemical-mechanical-planarization (CMP)-induced scratches from conventional dry ceria abrasives with irregular surfaces or wet ceria abrasives with crystalline facets in nanoscale semiconductor devices. The chemical composition of super-fine wet ceria abrasives depends on the synthesis termination pH, that is, Ce(OH) abrasives at a pH of 4.

Staged Chest Wall Reconstruction for Radiation-induced Costochondritis.

Costochondritis after breast reconstruction and radiation therapy is rarely reported. Moreover, it is difficult to diagnose using computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging; as such, wound debridement and reconstruction must be performed in several stages. A 51-year-old woman was diagnosed with invasive cancer of the right breast, and she underwent nipple sparing mastectomy and direct-to-implant breast reconstruction in November 2007.

Factors Influencing Patient Satisfaction with Upper Blepharoplasty in Elderly Patients.

Unlabelled: Upper blepharoplasty in elderly patients has characteristics that differ from those of younger patients. Blepharoptosis in elderly patients causes not only aesthetic problems but also functional problems such as entropion, visual disturbance, and sore eyes. We hypothesized that factors influencing patient satisfaction with upper blepharoplasty in elderly patients include aesthetic outcomes, functional outcomes, and personal factors.

Reconstruction of a small defect of the lower vermilion adjacent to white roll using a modified O-Z flap.

Reconstruction of lip defects is important because the lips play an important role in maintaining aesthetic facial balance, facial expressions, and speech. There are various methods of lip reconstruction such as primary repair, skin grafting, and utilization of local and free flaps. It is important to select a proper reconstruction method according to the size and location of lip defect.

Retrospective review of 108 breast reconstructions using the round block technique after breast-conserving surgery: Indications, complications, and outcomes.

Background: Several oncoplastic approaches have been implemented in recent years to enhance cosmetic results and to reduce complications. The round block technique is a volume displacement technique for breast reconstruction after breast-conserving surgery (BCS). However, its indications are currently limited according to tumor location, and its cosmetic results and complications have not been clearly established.

Does Laparoscopic Adhesiolysis Reduce the Risk of Small Bowel Obstruction Related Readmissions and Reoperations Compared to Open Adhesiolysis?

Purpose: The present study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic adhesiolysis in decreasing recurrent episodes of small bowel obstruction (SBO) compared to that of the conventional open procedure.

Methods: Among 373 patients who visited our emergency department from January 2000 to July 2018 due to small bowel obstruction, 67 patients who underwent adhesiolysis were included in this study. Eighteen and 49 patients comprised the open adhesiolysis (OA) and laparoscopic adhesiolysis (LA) groups, respectively.

Chorioretinal response to intravitreal aflibercept injection in acute central serous chorioretinopathy.

Aim: To evaluate chorioretinal responses to intravitreal aflibercept injection (IAI) in patients with acute central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).

Methods: Seventy-one eyes from 71 patients with symptomatic CSC for less than six months were included. Thirty-five eyes received a single IAI and 36 eyes were observed without treatment.

Correlation between dermal thickness and scar formation in female patients after thyroidectomy.

Background: Minimizing scarring has long been a challenge in plastic surgery. Factors affecting scar formation are well known, but the effect of some patient-specific factors such as dermal thickness remains unverified. Management of factors predictive of scarring can improve postoperative patient satisfaction and scar treatment.