Non-invasive PCO monitoring during polysomnography: transcutaneous versus end-tidal measurement.

Purpose: The objectives of this study were to monitor transcutaneous and end-tidal partial pressures of CO simultaneously during polysomnography, determine the advantages and disadvantages of each method, and identify relevant factors that can affect the results.

Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 55 adults who underwent polysomnography at the Ajou University Hospital Sleep Center between February 2021 and September 2022. They were volunteers who spontaneously breathed room air.

ANGPTL4 Prevents Atherosclerosis by Preserving KLF2 to Suppress EndMT and Mitigates Endothelial Dysfunction.

Background: Atherosclerosis progresses through endothelial dysfunction, vascular inflammation, endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT), and plaque instability. While ANGPTL4 (angiopoietin-like 4) is known for its metabolic functions, its role in endothelial homeostasis remains unclear.

Methods: We investigated the protective effects of ANGPTL4 on endothelial inflammation, vascular integrity, and EndMT using mice, human umbilical vein endothelial cells, human aortic endothelial cells, and induced pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cells.

Low-Dose Chest CT Lung Cancer Screening for School Cafeteria Workers: A Position Paper from the Korean Society of Thoracic Radiology.

The Korean Society of Thoracic Radiology (KSTR) conducted an assessment on the necessity of low-dose chest CT (LDCT) lung cancer screening for Korean school cafeteria workers. This assessment was prompted by growing concerns about the potential risk of lung cancer due to exposure to carcinogenic cooking fumes. To reach a consensus on various aspects of LDCT screening for Korean school cafeteria workers, thoracic radiologists were involved in a survey that utilized the Delphi method.

Internal Water-Induced Acceleration, Chemical Pathways, and Contributing Factors in the Degradation of Poly(lactic--glycolic acid) (PLGA) Microparticles and Devices.

Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(lactic--glycolic acid) (PLGA) are FDA-approved, biodegradable polymers widely used in medical applications, especially in controlled drug release systems and surgical devices. To be able to predict and control the degradation kinetics of such systems, it is essential to study the effect of various parameters on the degradation rate. In this work, a review is presented concerning the hydrolytic degradation of PLA and PLGA.

Development of Substrate-Independent Antifouling and Bactericidal Surfaces Using Visible Light Cross-Linked Hydrogel Coatings for Biomedical Applications.

Preventing biofouling and bacterial infections are pivotal issues in developing implantable biomaterials. Zwitterionic hydrogels stand out for their antifouling effects and high biocompatibility, making them ideal for biomedical applications. However, the lack of direct bactericidal activity and the limited applicability to various materials are key challenges to be addressed in these hydrogel coatings.

Ventral hernia repair with T-line hernia mesh: A multi-institutional experience.

Introduction: Ventral hernia repair (VHR) is a common procedure complicated by high hernia recurrence rates exceeding 30 % over ten years. The T-Line® Hernia Mesh is a synthetic, polypropylene mesh featuring mesh extensions designed to prevent anchor point failure by evenly distributing tension to reduce ventral hernia recurrences. This study evaluates the outcomes of the T-Line® mesh in VHR with 1-3 year follow-up.

Mucus plugging, disease severity and sputum myeloperoxidase concentration in bronchiectasis.

Background: Bronchiectasis is characterised by impaired mucociliary clearance, leading to persistent mucus accumulation, known as mucus plugging (MP). Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a key molecule that activates neutrophilic inflammation during bronchiectasis, leading to disease progression. However, whether sputum MPO concentration is an independent factor associated with MP remains unclear.

Scalable and durable module-sized artificial leaf with a solar-to-hydrogen efficiency over 10.

An artificial leaf mimicking the function of a natural leaf has recently attracted significant attention due to its minimal space requirement and low cost compared to wired photoelectrochemical and photovoltaic-electrochemical systems for solar hydrogen production. However, it remains a challenge to achieve a practical-size solar water-splitting device that can fulfill the criteria of a solar-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency above 10%, long-term durability, and scalability. Here, we develop 1 cm perovskite-based photoelectrodes using a defect-less, chlorine-doped formamidinium lead triiodide as photo-absorber and ultraviolet-insensitive tin oxide as an electron transport layers.

Perturbed cell fate decision by schizophrenia-associated AS3MT isoform during corticogenesis.

The neurodevelopmental theory of schizophrenia emphasizes early brain development in its etiology. Genome-wide association studies have linked schizophrenia to genetic variations of (arsenite methyltransferase) gene, particularly the increased expression of AS3MT isoform. To investigate the biological basis of this association with schizophrenia pathophysiology, we established a transgenic mouse model (AS3MT-Tg) ectopically expressing AS3MT at the cortical neural stem cells.

DA-1241, a GPR119 Agonist, Ameliorates Fatty Liver Through the Upregulation of TFEB-Mediated Autophagy.

Unlabelled: G protein-coupled receptor 119 (GPR119) is predominantly expressed in pancreatic β-cells, enteroendocrine cells, and the liver. It is a novel therapeutic for dyslipidemia and type 2 diabetes. DA-1241, a GPR119 agonist, improves glucose tolerance by inhibiting gluconeogenesis and enhancing insulin secretion.

Characterization of a cytokinin-binding protein locus in .

Cytokinins are adenine-based hormones that have been well-characterized in plants but are also made by bacteria, including the human-exclusive pathogen . Like plants, uses cytokinins to regulate gene expression. We previously established that cytokinin overaccumulation in results in a buildup of aldehydes produced during cytokinin breakdown.

Biodegradable Fiber Preparation Technique to Meet Industrial Requisites Through Sheath-Core Melt-Spinning.

Biodegradable polymers are essential for sustainable plastic life cycles and contribute to a carbon-neutral society. Here, we explore the development of biodegradable fibers with excellent mechanical properties using polypropylene (PP) and thermoplastic starch (TPS) blends. To address the inherent immiscibility between hydrophobic PP and hydrophilic TPS, hydrophilic modification and a masterbatch approach were employed.

Injectable ultrathin porous membranes harnessing shape memory polymers for retinal tissue engineering.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of vision loss, characterized by the progressive degeneration of retinal cells, particularly retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. Conventional treatments primarily focus on slowing disease progression without providing a cure. Recent advances in tissue engineering and cell-based therapies offer promising avenues for regenerating retinal tissue and restoring vision.

Co-targeting of metabolism using dietary and pharmacologic approaches reduces breast cancer metastatic burden.

Patients with metastatic breast cancer face reduced quality of life and increased mortality rates, necessitating more effective anti-cancer strategies. Building on previous research that identified metastatic-niche-specific metabolic vulnerabilities, we investigated how a ketogenic diet enhances estrogen receptor (ER)-positive liver metastatic breast cancer's response to Fulvestrant (Fulv) treatment. Using in vitro cell lines and in vivo xenograft metastasis mouse models, we examined the molecular mechanisms of combining ER targeting with a ketogenic diet.

Unveiling the Diverse Principles for Developing Sprayable Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications.

Sprayable hydrogels have emerged as a transformative innovation in biomedical technology, offering a versatile, efficient, and minimally invasive platform for various clinical applications. They form gels upon tissue contact, enabling seamless application on even complex surfaces. This property is especially useful in wound care, drug delivery, and tissue engineering, where localized and sustained release of therapeutics is essential.

Identification of a depupylation regulator for an essential enzyme in .

In , proteins that are posttranslationally modified with a prokaryotic ubiquitin-like protein (Pup) can be degraded by bacterial proteasomes. A single Pup-ligase and depupylase shape the pupylome, but the mechanisms regulating their substrate specificity are incompletely understood. Here, we identified a depupylation regulator, a protein called CoaX, through its copurification with the depupylase Dop.

Synergistic coating of Laponite swollen-layer and heparin composite for enhanced antifouling and antithrombotic performance.

When implantable medical devices come into contact with blood, acute thrombosis and inflammation often occur due to the adhesion and denaturation of plasma proteins, ultimately degrading device performance. To address this issue, we developed a gel-like coating with superhydrophilic properties, incorporating a heparin based outer layer designed to minimize foreign body reactions and enhance hemocompatibility. The coating was engineered using a layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly of poly-l-lysine (PLL), laponite (Lap), and heparin (Hep), utilizing electrostatic interactions.

Combinatorial Pattern Response of Bioelectronic Nose for the Detection of Real Nerve Agents.

Nerve agents are toxic organophosphorus chemicals and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors that have been used in terrorist acts. Because they exhibit fatal toxic effects in small amounts, technology is required to detect and identify them early. Research for nerve agent detection using structural simulants of real agents may not function properly for real agents depending on the selectivity of the sensor.

Sinapine suppresses ROS-induced C2C12 myoblast cell death through MAPK and autophagy pathways.

Oxidative stress in skeletal muscle can lead to muscle atrophy through reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced damage and cell death. -Butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP), an exogenous ROS generator, induces oxidative stress and cell death in various cells. Sinapine from cruciferous plants possesses beneficial effects, but its role in protecting skeletal muscle cells against ROS-induced cell death remains unclear.

Nonhalogenated Solvent-Processed Efficient Ternary All-Polymer Solar Cells Enabled by the Introduction of a Naphthyloxy Group into the Side Chain of Polymer Donors.

Conjugated polymer donors are crucial for enhancing the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) in all-polymer solar cells (All-PSCs) in nonhalogenated solvents. In this work, three wide-band-gap polymer donors (Sil-D1, Ph-Sil-D1, and Nap-Sil-D1) based on dithienobenzothiadiazole (DTBT) and benzodithiophene (BDT) donor moieties optimized by side chain engineering were designed and synthesized. Alkyl (Sil-D1), phenyloxy (Ph-Sil-D1), and naphthyloxy (Nap-Sil-D1) alkyl siloxane side chain units were incorporated into these polymer donors, respectively.

The effects of resistance training on cardiovascular factors and anti-inflammation in diabetic rats.

Diabetes induces a range of macrovascular and microvascular changes, which lead to significant clinical complications. Although many studies have tried to solve the diabetic problem using drugs, it remains unclear. In this study, we investigated whether resistance exercise affects cardiovascular factors and inflammatory markers in diabetes.

The time-dependent changes in a mouse model of traumatic brain injury with motor dysfunction.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) results from sudden accidents, leading to brain damage, subsequent organ dysfunction, and potentially death. Despite extensive studies on rodent TBI models, there is still high variability in terms of target points, and this results in significantly different symptoms between models. In this study, we established a more concise and effective TBI mouse model, which included locomotor dysfunctions with increased apoptosis, based on the controlled cortical impact method.

Optimizing Outcomes: Bevacizumab with Carboplatin and Paclitaxel in 5110 Ovarian Cancer Patients-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background/objectives: The study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of incorporating bevacizumab into the combination therapy of carboplatin and paclitaxel for epithelial ovarian cancer and other clinical applications.

Methods: A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines using keyword searches in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, ClinicalTrials.gov, and ICTRP until February 2024.