Tunable Emission Properties of Indolizine-Based Aggregation-Induced Emission Luminogens for White-Light Emission.

Unlike conventional fluorophores experiencing aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) in the solid state, aggregation-induced emission (AIE) luminogens (AIEgens) exhibit enhanced fluorescence upon aggregation. This property renders AIEgens promising for various technological applications. However, developing red-emitting AIEgens with high fluorescence efficiency remains challenging due to structural constraints.

Alterations in the functional MRI-based temporal brain organisation in individuals with obesity.

Aims: Obesity is associated with functional alterations in the brain. Although spatial organisation changes in the brains of individuals with obesity have been widely studied, the temporal dynamics in their brains remain poorly understood. Therefore, in this study, we investigated variations in the intrinsic neural timescale (INT) across different degrees of obesity using resting-state functional and diffusion magnetic resonance imaging data from the enhanced Nathan Kline Institute Rockland Sample database.

Development of 9-cinnamyl-9H-purine derivatives as potent anticancer agents through inactivation of NF-κb/p65 and p-STAT1 signaling pathways: Discovery of a new template for adenosine receptor.

Based on the structure of resveratrol and curcumin, a novel 9-cinnamyl-9H-purine structure was designed and synthesized to avoid a pan-assay interference compound (PAINS) related to invalid metabolic pancreas activity (IMPS). In a previous study, it exhibited anti-inflammatory activities by disrupting the TLR4-MyD88 protein interaction, leading to the suppression of the NF-κB signaling pathway. In this study, further structure-activity relationship studies were conducted to evaluate 9-cinnamyl-9H-purine derivatives for their potential anticancer activities, as NF-κB inhibition is known to reduce tumor growth and increase cancer cell death.

Immunosuppressive State May Lead to Brain Metastases in Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Gene Expression and Immunohistochemical Analysis.

Background/aim: Brain metastases (BMs) are rare in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC). Therefore, research on biomarkers or mechanisms that can be used to predict them is limited. To verify whether mRNA profiles can accurately predict BMs, we used a machine learning approach on 20 TNM-matched LUSC tissue samples.

Discovery of Spirosnuolides A-D, Type I/III Hybrid Polyketide Spiro-Macrolides for a Chemotherapeutic Lead against Lung Cancer.

Four new macrolides, spirosnuolides A-D (-, respectively), were discovered from the termite nest-derived sp. INHA29. Spirosnuolides A-D are 18-membered macrolides sharing an embedded [6,6]-spiroketal functionality inside the macrocycle and are conjugated with structurally uncommon side chains featuring cyclopentenone, 1,4-benzoquinone, hydroxyfuroic acid, or butenolide moieties.

Antitumor activity of selenopsammaplin A analog (SPA-10091-HCl) via histone methyltransferase DOT1L degradation and apoptosis induction in castration-resistant prostate cancer cells.

Castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is one of the most difficult cancers in men and is characterized by a poor prognosis and a high risk of metastasis. The overexpression of the disruptor of telomeric silencing 1-like (DOT1L), which is a specific methyltransferase for histone H3 at lysine residue 79 (H3K79), has been related to poor outcomes in patients with CRPC. Therefore, targeting DOT1L is considered a potential therapeutic approach to overcome the significant medical challenges of CRPC.

Discovery of Cyclic Lipopeptides, Octaminomycins C and D, by Engineering LysR Transcriptional Regulator of sp.

New lipodepsipeptides, octaminomycins C and D ( and ), were discovered in an engineered sp. strain overexpressing the LysR transcriptional regulator family. The structures of and were elucidated by comprehensive analysis of their UV, HRMS, and NMR data.

Senescence cell signature associated with poor prognosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, solid histology, and spread through air spaces in lung adenocarcinoma.

Cellular senescence is involved in critical processes in tumor progression. Despite this potential relationship, the relationship between tumor cell senescence, prognostic significance, spread through air spaces (STAS), and tumor histology has not been investigated in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). We used the LUAD PanCancer Atlas dataset to assess senescence cell signature (SCS) based on the SenMayo gene set.

Impact of senescence cell signature in patients with non-small cell carcinoma and melanoma receiving PD-L1/PD-1 inhibitors.

Tumor cell senescence plays a crucial role in tumor immunity. We investigated whether the senescent cell signature (SCS) could predict prognosis in non-small cell carcinoma (NSCLC) and melanoma datasets treated with PD-L1/PD-1 inhibitors. Patients with high SCS expression exhibited elevated levels of interferon-gamma and T cell-inflamed signatures in three lung adenocarcinomas (LUAD), two squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) and three melanoma datasets.

Changes in the expression of cell interaction-related pathways during brain metastasis in lung adenocarcinoma: Gene expression and immunohistochemical analysis.

Background: Brain metastasis (BM) is a prevalent prognostic event in the development of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) with a poor prognosis. Alterations in gene or protein expression during various phases of BM remain unclear.

Methods: We performed gene expression and pathway analyses using a metastasis-related gene panel on 12 lung tissues from patients with confirmed BM, 12 lung tissues from patients without BM, and 12 matched brain tissues from patients with confirmed BM during follow-up after LUAD surgery.

The impact of CDCA5 expression on the immune microenvironment and its potential utility as a biomarker for PD-L1/PD-1 inhibitors in lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Studies have highlighted the important role of cell division cycle associated 5 (CDCA5) in tumor-associated immune dysfunction. We studied immune dysfunction based on CDCA5 expression in lung adenocarcinoma and investigated its potential as a biomarker for patients undergoing anti-programmed death protein-1/ programmed death ligand-1 (PD-1/PD-L1) inhibitor therapy.

Methods: We used the CIBERSORTx algorithm to investigate the immune cell distribution based on CDCA5 and explored its potential as a biomarker for PD-1/PD-L1 therapy using Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion in three lung adenocarcinoma datasets.

Prediction of Responsiveness to PD-L1/PD-1 Inhibitors Using miRNA Profiles Associated With PD-L1 Expression in Lung Adenocarcinoma and Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Background/aim: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and play a crucial role in tumor immune response. However, the relationship between miRNA expression patterns and PD-L1 remains unclear in both lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC). We investigated PD-L1-related miRNAs that can predict treatment response in patients treated with PD-L1/PD-1 inhibitors.

Machine learning-driven prediction of brain metastasis in lung adenocarcinoma using miRNA profile and target gene pathway analysis of an mRNA dataset.

Background: Brain metastasis (BM) is common in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and has a poor prognosis, necessitating predictive biomarkers. MicroRNAs (MiRNAs) promote cancer cell growth, infiltration, and metastasis. However, the relationship between the miRNA expression profiles and BM occurrence in patients with LUAD remains unclear.

Bimodal Transformer with Regional EEG Data for Accurate Gameplay Regularity Classification.

As games have been applied across various fields, including education and healthcare, numerous new games tailored to each field have emerged. Therefore, understanding user behavior has become crucial in securing the right players for each type of game. This study provides valuable insights for improving game development by measuring the electroencephalography (EEG) of game users and classifying the frequency of game usage.

Antiproliferative Activity of Gibbosic Acid H through Induction of G/G Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in Human Lung Cancer Cells.

Lung cancer is one of the most common causative cancers worldwide. Particularly, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for approximately 85% of all lung cancer cases. NSCLC is a serious form of lung cancer that requires prompt diagnosis, and the 5-year survival rate for patients with this disease is only 24%.

Characteristics of the immune microenvironment associated with RRM2 expression and its application to PD-L1/PD-1 inhibitors in lung adenocarcinoma.

Recent studies have indicated that RRM2 plays a crucial part in the tumor immune microenvironment. According to the expression of RRM2, we evaluated immune cell infiltration, immunotherapy biomarkers, and the expression of immune checkpoint molecules in four lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) datasets. We employed the Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE) and CIBERSORTx algorithms to examine the patterns of immune cell distribution and evaluate the responses to anti-programmed death protein-1/programmed death ligand-1 (PD-1/PD-L1) therapy in three publicly available LUAD datasets.

Correlated insulator collapse due to quantum avalanche via in-gap ladder states.

The significant discrepancy observed between the predicted and experimental switching fields in correlated insulators under a DC electric field far-from-equilibrium necessitates a reevaluation of current microscopic understanding. Here we show that an electron avalanche can occur in the bulk limit of such insulators at arbitrarily small electric field by introducing a generic model of electrons coupled to an inelastic medium of phonons. The quantum avalanche arises by the generation of a ladder of in-gap states, created by a multi-phonon emission process.

Immune profiles according to EGFR mutant subtypes and correlation with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor therapies in lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: We examined the distributions of 22 immune cell types and the responses to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors according to EGFR mutation profile, in three independent datasets of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD).

Methods: We used CIBERSORTx to analyze the distributions of immune cells, and tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE) or tumor mutation burden (TMB) to analyze responses to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy, in two public LUAD datasets. The results were verified with a validation set that included patients treated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors.

Prognostic and predictive value of YTHDF1 and YTHDF2 and their correlation with tumor-infiltrating immune cells in non-small cell carcinoma.

Background: YTH domain-containing family protein 1 (YTHDF1) or YTHDF2 play crucial roles in cancer immunotherapy. We examine the expression of YTHDF1, YTHDF2, CD8, CD4, and FOXP3 to identify their prognostic or predictive role for PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: Immunohistochemical expression of YTHDF1, YTHDF2, CD8, CD4, and FOXP3 was investigated in 266 patients not receiving PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors and in 59 patients receiving PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors.

Artificial Intelligence in Eye Disease: Recent Developments, Applications, and Surveys.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has expanded by finding applications in medical diagnosis for clinical support systems [...

Epoxinnamide: An Epoxy Cinnamoyl-Containing Nonribosomal Peptide from an Intertidal Mudflat-Derived sp.

Cinnamoyl-containing nonribosomal peptides (CCNPs) form a unique family of actinobacterial secondary metabolites and display various biological activities. A new CCNP named epoxinnamide () was discovered from intertidal mudflat-derived sp. OID44.