Primary Investigation on the Synergistic Effects of Methyl Bromide and 1 °C Cold Treatment for Two-Spotted Spider Mite () and the Citrus Mealybug ().

Since the use of methyl bromide has been prohibited globally because of environmental concerns, several alternative fumigants have been newly developed and applied to fresh products. However, single treatment with a methyl bromide alternative fumigant cannot completely replace methyl bromide treatment for some products because of issues associated with long treatment times and phytotoxicity. In this study, we compared the mortality of two agricultural pests, and , after single treatment with methyl bromide and combined application of methyl bromide and cold treatment to confirm the synergistic effects of chemical and physical treatments.

Diabetes mellitus and the incidence of hearing loss: a cohort study.

Background: To evaluate the association between diabetes mellitus (DM) and the development of incident hearing loss.

Methods: Prospective cohort study was performed in 253 301 adults with normal hearing tests who participated in a regular health-screening exam between 2002 and 2014. The main exposure was the presence of DM at baseline, defined as a fasting serum glucose ≥ 126 mg/dL, a self-reported history of DM or current use of anti-diabetic medications.

Immediate and Short-Term Therapeutic Results Between Direction-Changing Positional Nystagmus with Short- and Long-Duration Groups.

Objectives: Clinicians sometimes treat patients with relatively long-duration geotropic direction-changing positional nystagmus (DCPN), without latency. Recently, the concept of a "light cupula" in the lateral canal that reveals persistent geotropic DCPN has been introduced. In the present study, we investigated the immediate and short-term therapeutic findings in long-duration DCPN.

"Light cupula" involving all three semicircular canals: A frequently misdiagnosed disorder.

Though benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is the most common vestibular disorder causing positional vertigo, patients with typical positional vertigo in which the findings of positional nystagmus do not meet the diagnostic criteria for BPPV are often encountered in the clinic. Recently a concept of the light cupula was introduced, which accounts for some of positional vertigo. Under a normal condition in which the specific gravity of the cupula is same as that of the surrounding endolymph, semicircular canals (SCCs) are not influenced by the gravity.

Persistent geotropic direction-changing positional nystagmus with a null plane: the light cupula.

Objectives/hypothesis: The aim of this study was to characterize the clinical features and typical positional nystagmus in patients with persistent geotropic direction-changing positional nystagmus (DCPN) and address the possible pathophysiology of the disease. Furthermore, the proportion of light cupula among the patients showing geotropic DCPN was investigated to assume the incidence of light cupula in those patients.

Study Design: Prospective case series.

Nystagmus-based approach to vertebrobasilar stroke presenting as vertigo without initial neurologic signs.

Background: We aimed to investigate the clinical courses and common nystagmus of isolated vertigo patients with vertebrobasilar stroke.

Methods: The patients who presented with isolated acute spontaneous vertigo with spontaneous nystagmus (acute vestibular syndrome) at the Emergency Department were retrospectively analyzed. They were referred to the Otolaryngology Department due to the absence of neurologic signs or even of imaging abnormalities after the initial examination at the Emergency Department.

A multicenter observational study on the role of comorbidities in the recurrent episodes of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo.

Objective: Primary objective of this study was to find a statistical link between the most worldwide comorbidities affecting the elderly population (hypertension, diabetes, osteoarthrosis, osteoporosis and depression) and recurrent episodes of BPPV. Secondary objective was defining possible "groups of risk" for people suffering recurrent positional vertigo related to the presence of a well documented comorbidity.

Methods: This was an observational, cross-sectional, multicenter, spontaneous, non-pharmacological study.

The efficiency of simultaneous binaural ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials: a comparative study with monaural acoustic stimulation in healthy subjects.

Objectives: To evaluate the test-retest reliability and convenience of simultaneous binaural acoustic-evoked ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (oVEMP).

Methods: Thirteen healthy subjects with no history of ear diseases participated in this study. All subjects underwent oVEMP test with both separated monaural acoustic stimulation and simultaneous binaural acoustic stimulation.

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo accompanied by sudden sensorineural hearing loss: a comparative study with idiopathic benign paroxysmal positional vertigo.

Objectives/hypothesis: To investigate the clinical characteristics of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) associated with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSHL) and to compare them with the characteristics of idiopathic BPPV (i-BPPV).

Study Design: Retrospective case series.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 519 patients with ISSHL and 597 patients with i-BPPV.

Diversity of head shaking nystagmus in peripheral vestibular disease.

Objectives: To evaluate the characteristics of head shaking nystagmus in various peripheral vestibular diseases.

Study Design: Retrospective case series.

Setting: Tertiary referral center.

Is BPPV a Prognostic Factor in Idiopathic Sudden Sensory Hearing Loss?

Objectives: The prognostic significance of vertigo in patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) remains a matter of debate because vertigo is associated with many different vestibular disorders. The purpose of this study is to determine the role of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) as a prognostic factor in patients with SSNHL.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 298 patients with SSNHL.

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo secondary to inner ear disease.

Objectives: To contrast clinical characteristics of secondary benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (s-BPPV) with idiopathic BPPV (i-BPPV).

Study Design: Case series with chart review.

Setting: University hospital.

Sclerotherapy of branchial cleft cysts using OK-432.

Objectives: OK-432 has been widely used to treat lymphangioma and ranula; however, there are few studies for its use in treatment of branchial cleft cyst (BCC). We conducted this study to evaluate the effectiveness of sclerotherapy using OK-432 in treatment of BCC.

Study Design And Setting: Case series with planned data collection.

Analysis of residual symptoms after treatment in benign paroxysmal positional vertigo using questionnaire.

Objectives: Canalith repositioning procedure (CRP) provides rapid and long-lasting relief of symptoms in most patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. However, some patients express nonspecific symptoms such as anxiety or discomfort after treatment, even after the disappearance of nystagmus and vertigo. The purpose of this study was to assess the residual symptoms after CRP in patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo using the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) in a questionnaire format.

Proteomic analysis of the rat vestibular nucleus complex following unilateral labyrinthectomy.

Conclusion: The appearance of some candidate proteins may be essential for compensation as spatio-temporal expression patterns and this proteomic analysis may be a useful tool to understand the molecular basis of vestibular compensation.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify the proteins expressed in vestibular nucleus complexes (VNCs) using proteomics following unilateral labyrinthectomy.

Materials And Methods: Proteomic analysis was performed in VNCs of rats at 6 h, 72 h, and 7 days following unilateral labyrinthectomy in comparison to normal VNC.

Vocal analysis related to changes in frequency of pure tone auditory feedback.

Purpose: Many studies have shown that subjects show a change of vocal fundamental frequency (F0) when phonating subjects hear their vocal pitch feedback shifted upward or downward. This study was performed to demonstrate whether vocal parameters [F0, intensity, jitter, shimmer, and noise to harmonic ratio (NHR)] in normal males respond to changes in frequency of pure tone masking.

Materials And Methods: Twenty healthy male subjects participated in this study.

Surgical treatment using an allograft dermal matrix for nasal septal perforation.

Purpose: Numerous methods have been utilized to repair nasal septal perforation with varying degrees of success; however, no consensus has been reached on nasoseptal perforation repair. Here, the authors describe a surgical method based on human dermal allograft (Surederm, Hans Biomed Corp. Korea) for the repair of nasal septal perforations.

Bilateral simultaneous facial nerve palsy: clinical analysis in seven cases.

Objective: To analyze clinical manifestations and prognosis of bilateral simultaneous facial nerve palsy (BS-FNP).

Study Design: : Retrospective case review with current follow-up wherever possible.

Setting: : Tertiary referral centers.

Investigation into psychological correlates of patients with vocal nodules using the Symptom Checklist-90-Revision.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the psychological characteristics of patients with vocal nodules and to establish the relationship between these characteristics and the development of vocal nodules.

Setting: A tertiary medical centre.

Design And Method: The patient group consisted of 41 housewives with vocal nodules, and the control group consisted of 35 housewives who did not have any vocal pathology.

Transcutaneous injection laryngoplasty through the cricothyroid space in the sitting position: anatomical information and technique.

A variety of approaches have been introduced to perform injection laryngoplasty under local anesthesia. Among these reported methods, transcutaneous injection through the cricothyroid space offers many advantages, but it possesses some technical difficulties during access to the vocal fold. The aim of this study was to assess the anatomic references related to transcutaneous injection laryngoplasty through cricothyroid space using 3-dimensionally reconstructed computed tomography to provide guidelines and to achieve higher efficacy during the procedure.

Glycerol pure tone audiometry and glycerol vestibular evoked myogenic potential: representing specific status of endolymphatic hydrops in the inner ear.

This prospective study attempts to explore the effect of glycerol on vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) in patients with definite unilateral Meniere's disease (MD) and to investigate whether the test reflects different pathologic states of endolymphatic hydrops (EH) in the inner ear by comparing the results of glycerol pure tone audiometry (PTA). Twenty-eight patients with definite unilateral MD were studied. As a control group, 11 patients with vestibular neuritis were selected.

Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the external auditory canal: case report.

Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) is a rare malignancy, with features of both basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. The tumor has a predilection for the upper aerodigestive tract, and has been suggested to behave more aggressively than squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). To the author's knowledge, BSCC confined to the external auditory canal (EAC) has not been previously described.

A clinical analysis of psychogenic sudden deafness.

Objective: Sudden deafness, in most cases, has no apparent cause. In some cases viral infection, vascular occlusion, or a cochlear membrane rupture may be responsible for the sudden loss of hearing. In this study, we analyzed etiology, audiologic, psychiatric, and clinical aspects of psychogenic sudden deafness through a retrospective chart review.