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Pathological Evaluation of the Therapeutic Effects of Argon Plasma Coagulation in Gastric Low-Grade Dysplasia.

Objectives: Gastric dysplasia is primarily treated using endoscopic resection. Although argon plasma coagulation (APC) is an alternative treatment for older patients or those with bleeding tendencies, studies have reported a higher rate of local recurrence after APC than after endoscopic resection. Using pathological examinations, this study aimed to investigate the incidence and associated causative factors of residual dysplasia following APC.

Dura Closure Tactics to Prevent CSF Leakage in Microvascular Decompression Surgery.

(1) Background: Achieving a complete and secure dural closure to prevent cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage is a critical concern in microvascular decompression (MVD). Proper dural closure minimizes complications, such as infections caused by CSF leakage. This study introduces a novel three-step dural suturing method, termed the "triple-layer closing technique".

Association of Survival with Radiologic-Pathologic Discordance in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Nationwide Cohort Study Based on the Primary Liver Cancer Registry in Korea.

Background/aims: No studies have investigated the effects of radiologic-pathologic discordance on the outcomes of patients who have undergone resection for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Therefore, we investigated the effects of these discrepancies on the outcomes of such patients.

Methods: This study included patients diagnosed with HCC on magnetic resonance imaging who underwent resection, including 1,790 from the Korean Primary Liver Cancer Registry (nationwide cohort) and 185 from Chungnam National University Hospital (hospital cohorts).

Incidence and risk factors of immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced colitis in Korean patients with cancer.

Background/aims: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are effective in treating cancer. However, various immune-related adverse events (irAEs) have become prevalent, with ICI-induced colitis being the most common gastrointestinal irAE. Thus, we aimed to investigate the incidence and risk factors of ICI-induced colitis in Korean patients with cancer.

Sequential Energy and Electron Transfer in Metal-Organic Frameworks.

This study presents the design and characterization of a triad metal-organic framework (MOF) system composed of pyrene, porphyrin, and phenyl-C-butyric acid (PCBA) for efficient energy and electron transfer processes mimicking natural photosynthesis. The triad MOF, synthesized through a mixed-ligand approach followed by postsynthetic modification, demonstrates sequential energy transfer from pyrene to porphyrin, followed by electron transfer to the PCBA acceptor. Time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) spectroscopy was employed to investigate the dynamics of energy and charge transfer, revealing fast interligand energy transfer and subsequent charge separation in the MOF structure.

Enhancing surgical precision: a novel electromyography finding for confident identification of the root exit zone during microvascular decompression surgery.

Objective: The lateral spread response (LSR) is an important electrophysiological sign that predicts successful decompression in patients undergoing microvascular decompression (MVD) for hemifacial spasm (HFS). However, LSRs do not consistently correlate with clinical outcomes, and there are cases in which LSRs are absent. In this study, the authors identified a unique pattern on facial nerve electromyography (EMG) when the root exit zone (REZ) is touched.

Impact of variant histology in the prognosis of non‑muscle invasive bladder cancer with low‑tumor burden: A propensity score‑matched analysis with conventional urothelial carcinoma.

Bladder cancer (BCa) with variant histology (VH) is associated with an increased risk of recurrence and progression, as well as worse survival. However, the available literature does not provide the prognostic value of VH based on its tumor burden in non-muscle invasive BCa (NMIBC). The purpose of the present study was to investigate the prognosis of VH in NMIBC with low-tumor volume compared with conventional urothelial carcinoma (UC) with a similar tumor burden.

Polarized Raman spectroscopy study of CVD-grown CrS flakes: unambiguous identification of phonon modes.

We report a systematic Raman spectroscopy investigation of chemical vapor deposited 2D nonlayered CrS, with both linearly and circularly polarized light over a wide temperature range (5-300 K). Temperature-dependent Raman spectra exhibit a good linear relationship between the peak positions of the phonon modes and temperature. Angle-resolved polarized Raman spectra reveal the polarization-dependent optical response of in-plane and out-of-plane phonon modes.

Deep Learning Model Using Stool Pictures for Predicting Endoscopic Mucosal Inflammation in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis.

Introduction: Stool characteristics may change depending on the endoscopic activity of ulcerative colitis (UC). We developed a deep learning model using stool photographs of patients with UC (DLSUC) to predict endoscopic mucosal inflammation.

Methods: This was a prospective multicenter study conducted in 6 tertiary referral hospitals.

Photocatalytic Conversion of CO to Formate/CO by an (η--Cymene)Ru(II) Half-Metallocene Catalyst: Influence of Additives and TiO Immobilization on the Catalytic Mechanism and Product Selectivity.

The catalytic efficacy of the monobipyridyl (η--Cymene)Ru(II) half-metallocene, [(-Cym)Ru(bpy)Cl] was evaluated in both mixed homogeneous (dye + catalyst) and heterogeneous hybrid systems (dye/TiO/Catalyst) for photochemical CO reduction. A series of homogeneous photolysis experiments revealed that the (-Cym)Ru(II) catalyst engages in two competitive routes for CO reduction (CO to formate conversion via Ru-hydride vs CO to CO conversion through a Ru-COOH intermediate). The conversion activity and product selectivity were notably impacted by the p value and the concentration of the proton source added.

Efficacy and safety of three-dimensional magnetically assisted capsule endoscopy for upper gastrointestinal and small bowel examination.

Background: Magnetically assisted capsule endoscopy (MACE) showed the feasibility for upper gastrointestinal examination. To further enhance the performance of conventional MACE, it is necessary to provide quality-improved and three-dimensional images. The aim of this clinical study was to determine the efficacy and safety of novel three-dimensional MACE (3D MACE) for upper gastrointestinal and small bowel examination at once.

Self-screening questionnaire for perianal fistulizing disease in patients with Crohn's disease.

Background/aims: A poor prognostic factor for Crohn's disease (CD) includes perianal fistulizing disease, including perianal fistula and/or perianal abscess. Currently, a tool to assess perianal symptoms in patients with CD remains nonexistent. This study aimed to develop a perianal fistulizing disease self-screening questionnaire for patients with CD.

The combined use of anti-peptic agents is associated with an increased risk of osteoporotic fracture: a nationwide case-control study.

Background/aims: Long-term use of acid suppressants such as proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and histamine 2 receptor antagonist (H2RA) has been associated with the risk of osteoporotic fracture. Acid suppressants and muco-protective agents (MPAs) are often used together as anti-ulcer agents. We evaluated the association between the risk of osteoporotic fracture and the combined use of these anti-peptic agents.

Observation of Coherent Symmetry-Breaking Vibration by Polarization-Dependent Femtosecond Spectroscopy.

Understanding photoinduced chemical reactions beyond the Born-Oppenheimer paradigm requires a comprehensive examination of vibronic interactions. Although femtosecond studies have unveiled the influence of vibrational modes strongly coupled to ultrafast intramolecular reactions in the excited state, they often lack direct observations of how vibrations modulate electronic properties due to the rapid disappearance of reactants. To address this gap, our research investigates the dynamics of photoexcited molecules that do not react.

Risk Factors for a Narrow Safety Margin after Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Early Gastric Cancer.

Introduction: A narrow safety margin (NSM) after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a well-recognized risk factor for local recurrence in early gastric cancer (EGC). However, only a few studies have investigated the risk factors for the development of NSM.

Methods: The medical records and pathologic specimens of patients with EGC who underwent ESD from January 2020 to December 2020 at a single tertiary hospital (Daejeon, South Korea) were reviewed.

Risk-adapted scoring model to identify candidates benefiting from adjuvant chemotherapy after radical nephroureterectomy in nonmetastatic upper tract urothelial carcinoma with ≤pT2.

Introduction: After radical nephroureterectomy (RNU), adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) is recommended in either muscle invasive or lymph node positive upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC). However, optimal patient selection remains to be studied. We propose a risk-adapted scoring model for selecting patients for AC in localised UTUC with ≤pT2.

Nanoscale Manipulation of Exciton-Trion Interconversion in a MoSe Monolayer via Tip-Enhanced Cavity-Spectroscopy.

Emerging light-matter interactions in metal-semiconductor hybrid platforms have attracted considerable attention due to their potential applications in optoelectronic devices. Here, we demonstrate plasmon-induced near-field manipulation of trionic responses in a MoSe monolayer using tip-enhanced cavity-spectroscopy (TECS). The surface plasmon-polariton mode on the Au nanowire can locally manipulate the exciton (X) and trion (X-) populations of MoSe.

Reduced risk of gastrointestinal bleeding associated with eupatilin in aspirin plus acid suppressant users: nationwide population-based study.

Background/aims: Mucoprotective agents, such as eupatilin, are often prescribed to prevent gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding in addition to an acid suppressant despite the absence of a large-scale study. We evaluated the additional effect of eupatilin on the prevention of GI bleeding in both the upper and lower GI tract in concomitant aspirin and acid suppressant users using the nationwide database of national claims data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service (NHIS).

Methods: An aspirin cohort was constructed using the NHIS claims data from 2013 to 2020.

Optimal method for reliable lateral spread response monitoring during microvascular decompression surgery for hemifacial spasm.

In this study, we propose an optimal method for monitoring the key electrophysiological sign, the Lateral Spread Response (LSR), during microvascular decompression (MVD) surgery for hemifacial spasm (HFS). Current monitoring methods and interpretations of LSR remain unclear, leading to potential misinterpretations and undesirable outcomes." We prospectively collected data from patients undergoing MVD for HFS, including basic demographics, clinical characteristics, and surgical outcomes.