Large Language Models for CAD-RADS 2.0 Extraction From Semi-Structured Coronary CT Angiography Reports: A Multi-Institutional Study.

Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of large language models (LLMs) in extracting Coronary Artery Disease-Reporting and Data System (CAD-RADS) 2.0 components from coronary CT angiography (CCTA) reports, and assess the impact of prompting strategies.

Materials And Methods: In this multi-institutional study, we collected 319 synthetic, semi-structured CCTA reports from six institutions to protect patient privacy while maintaining clinical relevance.

Integrated hydroprocessing and microbial biotransformation of coconut oil to α,ω-diacids.

The convergence of chemical and biological technologies offers unprecedented opportunities for sustainable chemical production. Oxygenated oil-based biomass requires a chemical process to refine it into less-toxic hydrocarbons to be used for microbial biotransformation to produce value-added chemicals. This study demonstrates the transformation of hydrotreated vegetable oils, specifically coconut oil, into α,ω-diacids (DCAs), which are essential for bio-based polymer production.

Scalable production of functional recombinant human plasma gelsolin in Escherichia coli for therapeutic and diagnostic applications.

Human plasma gelsolin (pGSN) is an 83 kDa actin-binding protein involved in cytoskeletal remodeling, inflammation, and host defense. Its clinical relevance as a biomarker and potential therapeutic agent, particularly in conditions like sepsis, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and cystic fibrosis, has driven interest in scalable recombinant expression. However, high-yield production of functionally active gelsolin is hindered by its complex structure and folding requirements.

Evaluation of the safety and immunogenicity of the ERAGS-GFP oral rabies vaccine in dogs.

Rabies is a fatal zoonotic disease primarily transmitted through dog bites, making oral rabies vaccines critical for disease control. This study evaluated the immunogenicity of the ERAGS-GFP oral rabies vaccine strain in dogs. To optimize viral production, we examined cell density, multiplicity of infection (MOI), and freeze-thaw cycles.

Macrophage-associated biocompatibility of titanium revealed by analyzing foreign body reaction at bone-implant interface.

Purpose: Titanium implants are widely used to replace pathological joints, bones, and teeth, with successful engraftment requiring osteoblast attachment to the metal surface for bone regeneration. However, the immune response at the bone-implant interface remains unclear, and few studies have examined why titanium elicits a reduced foreign-body reaction (FBR) compared to other metals. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanism underlying titanium biocompatibility by characterizing the immune response at the bone-implant interface in a rat model.

Correction to "Sustainable Butyl Rubber Production from Microbial Isobutanol-Derived Isobutylene".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.4c05992.

Protective antibody response in Korean raccoon dogs ( administered a new rabies bait vaccine containing the ERAGS-GFP strain.

Purpose: Rabies is a deadly zoonotic disease affecting many mammals, including humans. Oral rabies bait vaccines induce an immune response without direct inoculation, and are crucial for controlling rabies in wildlife. This study evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of a new rabies bait vaccine containing a recombinant rabies virus expressing green fluorescent protein (ERAGS-GFP) in wild raccoon dogs.

Enhanced susceptibility of porcine muscle-derived mesenchymal stem cells to Aujeszky's virus compared Vero cells.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can self-renew and differentiate into several lineages and can be isolated from different tissues such as bone marrow, adipose tissue, umbilical cord blood, and muscle. Herein, we established MSCs derived from miniature pig muscle (MpMu-MSCs) and assessed their response to Aujeszky's virus. We characterized the MpMu-MSCs based on their cellular morphology, proliferation properties, cell surface marker expression, and mesodermal differentiation potential.

Genome-Wide Association Study Identifying a Novel Gene Related to a History of Febrile Convulsions in Patients With Focal Epilepsy.

Background And Purpose: The risk factors for developing epilepsy following febrile convulsion (FC) have been studied extensively, but the underlying genetic components remain largely unexplored. Our objective here was to identify the risk loci related to FC through a genome-wide association study of Korean epilepsy patients.

Methods: We examined associations between a history of FC and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in data obtained from 125 patients with focal epilepsy: 28 with an FC history and 97 without an FC history.

Trends of childbirth and cesarean section among women with epilepsy in Korea.

Purpose: This study aims to investigate trends in birth and cesarean section (CS) rates among women with epilepsy (WWE) in Korea.

Methods: We conducted a nationwide, population-based, repeated cross-sectional study using data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database. We evaluated the annual childbirth rate and proportion of CS among all deliveries for WWE and the entire female population aged 15-49 years from 2004 to 2019.

Apparent diffusion coefficient values in differentiating benign and malignant thoracic masses in children and young adults.

BackgroundIn children and young adults, tumors in the chest and thoracic wall exhibit a wide variety of types, making it challenging to differentiate between benign and malignant cases before invasive histopathological examination.PurposeTo evaluate the utility of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) for discriminating malignant thoracic masses in children and young adults.Material and MethodsThis retrospective study included chest magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans in patients aged <30 years.

Immunogenicity of a novel inactivated canine adenovirus type 2 variant vaccine for dogs.

Purpose: The immunogenicity of vaccines containing the canine adenovirus (CAdV) type 2 (CAdV-2) variant has not yet been reported. We prepared a novel inactivated CAdV-2 variant vaccine using the CAV2232-41 strain, and evaluated its safety and immunogenicity in raccoon dogs.

Materials And Methods: The growth kinetics of CAV2232-41 were determined using Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cells.

Usefulness of the mini nutritional assessment short-form for evaluating nutritional status in patients with nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease: a prospective cross-sectional study.

Background: Although the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) is recognized as a useful tool for evaluating nutritional status in patients with various diseases, its applicability in patients with nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) remains undetermined.

Methods: We designed a prospective cross-sectional study to investigate whether the MNA Short-Form (MNA-SF) score can serve as a screening tool to assess the nutritional status of patients with NTM-PD. The MNA-SF was conducted upon patient enrollment, and correlation analyses were performed to compare MNA-SF scores with other nutritional measurements and disease severity.

Feasibility of the Threshold-Based Quantification of Myocardial Fibrosis on Cardiac CT as a Prognostic Marker in Nonischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy.

Objective: This study investigated the feasibility and prognostic relevance of threshold-based quantification of myocardial delayed enhancement (MDE) on CT in patients with nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (NIDCM).

Materials And Methods: Forty-three patients with NIDCM (59.3 ± 17.

The role of microRNA-325-3p as a critical player in cell death in NSCs and astrocytes.

Neural stem cells (NSCs) are defined by their ability to self-renew and generate various cell types within the nervous system. Understanding the underlying mechanism by which NSCs proliferate and differentiate is crucial for the efficient modulation of neurogenesis. MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs controlling gene expression concerned in post-transcriptional control by blocking messenger RNA (mRNA) translation or degrading mRNA.

Assessment of Feasibility and Interscan Variability of Short-time Cardiac MRI for Cardiotoxicity Evaluation in Breast Cancer.

Purpose To investigate the feasibility and interscan variability of short-time cardiac MRI protocol after chemotherapy in individuals with breast cancer. Materials and Methods A total of 13 healthy female controls (mean age, 52.4 years ± 13.

Long-term outcome of treatment-naïve patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis: A retrospective study in a single center.

Purpose: This study aimed to describe long-term treatment outcomes of treatment-naïve patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis (MTLE-HS).

Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of treatment-naïve patients with MTLE-HS who visited the Yonsei Epilepsy Clinic from April 2000 to April 2022 and were followed up for at least 2 years. Seizure freedom (SF) was defined as no seizures or auras only for >1 year, and complete SF was defined as no seizures including auras for >1 year.

Feasibility of UTE-MRI-based radiomics model for prediction of histopathologic subtype of lung adenocarcinoma: in comparison with CT-based radiomics model.

Objectives: To assess the feasibility of the UTE-MRI radiomic model in predicting the micropapillary and/or solid (MP/S) patterns of surgically resected lung adenocarcinoma.

Materials And Methods: We prospectively enrolled 74 lesions from 71 patients who underwent UTE-MRI and CT before curative surgery for early lung adenocarcinoma. For conventional radiologic analysis, we analyzed the longest lesion diameter and lesion characteristics at both UTE-MRI and CT.

APOEε4, in-hospital delirium and long-term cognitive impairment: A longitudinal memory clinic study.

Introduction: Delirium is common among hospitalized elderly. Previous short-term studies reported inconsistent associations between APOEε4 allele, in-hospital delirium, and post-delirium cognitive impairment. We examined the association of APOEε4 allele with in-hospital delirium and long-term cognitive outcomes following delirium.

Chemotherapy-Related Cardiac Dysfunction: Quantitative Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Image Parameters and Their Prognostic Implications.

Objective: To quantitatively analyze the cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) characteristics of chemotherapy-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD) and explore their prognostic value for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE).

Materials And Methods: A total of 145 patients (male:female = 76:69, mean age = 63.0 years) with cancer and heart failure who underwent CMR between January 2015 and January 2021 were included.