DNA damage and Nuclear Anaplasia Induced by Trastuzumab Deruxtecan in Cancer Cells with Variable HER2 Expression and Homologous Recombination Deficiency Status.

Purpose: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is amplified or overexpressed in various malignancies, including breast and gastric cancers, and is associated with poor prognosis. Although HER2-targeted therapies, such as trastuzumab, improve outcomes in HER2-positive tumors, resistance often develops, and HER2-low tumors remain largely untargeted. Trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd; DS-8201a) is a HER2-targeted antibody-drug conjugate with potent activity in HER2-positive and HER2-low tumors.

Regulating astrocytic activity in the dorsal striatum mitigates L-dopa-induced dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease.

In Parkinson's disease (PD), long-term 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine (L-dopa) therapy leads to the development of motor complications, including L-dopa-induced dyskinesia (LID). Increased numbers of reactive astrocytes in the brains of patients with PD are a key feature of this disease. Astrocytes are involved in the development of LID; however, whether the regulation of astrocytic activity influences LID development remains unclear.

Impact of induction regimens on stem cell mobilization yields in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma.

Autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is integral to treating newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM). While novel therapies improve response rates, they also hinder stem cell mobilization. This study evaluates the impacts of induction regimens on mobilization, collection, and ASCT outcomes.

Water extract of improves age‑related cognitive decline by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase activity and the acetylcholine signaling pathway.

The aging process is associated with a decline in certain cognitive abilities, including learning and memory. This age‑related cognitive decline is associated with a reduction in neurogenesis and alterations in the cholinergic system. (HJ), an ornamental plant in the family , has been reported to exert beneficial effects against neurodegenerative pathophysiologies in mouse models of disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease.

Sitagliptin attenuates L-dopa-induced dyskinesia by regulating mitochondrial proteins and neuronal activity in a 6-OHDA-induced mouse model of Parkinson's disease.

L-dopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) is an incapacitating complication of long-term administration of L-dopa therapy that commonly affects patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) due to the widespread use of the causative drug. Herein, we investigated the therapeutic potential of sitagliptin, a drug used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus, to treat LID. 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) was unilaterally injected into the left side of the substantia nigra pas compacta to induce a mouse model of PD.

A Review on Recent Deep Learning-Based Semantic Segmentation for Urban Greenness Measurement.

Accurate urban green space (UGS) measurement has become crucial for landscape analysis. This paper reviews the recent technological breakthroughs in deep learning (DL)-based semantic segmentation, emphasizing efficient landscape analysis, and integrating greenness measurements. It explores quantitative greenness measures applied through semantic segmentation, categorized into the plan view- and the perspective view-based methods, like the Land Class Classification (LCC) with green objects and the Green View Index (GVI) based on street photographs.

The Monitoring and Management of an Operating Environment to Enhance the Safety of a Container-Type Energy Storage System.

The implementation of an energy storage system (ESS) as a container-type package is common due to its ease of installation, management, and safety. The control of the operating environment of an ESS mainly considers the temperature rise due to the heat generated through the battery operation. However, the relative humidity of the container often increases by over 75% in many cases because of the operation of the air conditioner which pursues temperature-first control.

Shows Neuroprotective Effects in a 6-OHDA-Induced Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second-most prevalent neurodegenerative disease and is characterized by dopaminergic neuronal death in the midbrain. Recently, the association between alterations in PD pathology and the gut microbiota has been explored. Microbiota-targeted interventions have been suggested as a novel therapeutic approach for PD.

Humulus japonicus attenuates LPS-and scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment in mice.

Background: Neuroinflammation plays an important role in cognitive decline and memory impairment in neurodegenerative disorders. Previously, we demonstrated that Humulus japonicus (HJ) has anti-inflammatory effects in rodent models of Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. The present study aimed to examine the protective potential of HJ extracts against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cognitive impairment and scopolamine-induced amnesia in mouse models.

Prevalent toxin types of in South Korean cattle farms.

produces neurotoxic substrates that can cause fatal flaccid paralysis called botulism. These neurotoxins are classified into types A-G. Several botulism cases were recorded in 2012-2013 in the Gyeonggi province, South Korea.

Impact of vision and hearing impairments on risk of cardiovascular outcomes and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes: A nationwide cohort study.

Aims/introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of vision and hearing impairments on the risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes using a nationwide longitudinal cohort.

Materials And Methods: We enrolled 771,128 patients with type 2 diabetes who underwent the National Health Screening Program in 2009. We carried out Cox proportional hazards regression analyses to calculate the hazard ratios (HR) of myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, and mortality in those with or without vision and hearing impairments.

rescues autistic‑like behaviours in the BTBR T Itpr3/J mouse model of autism.

(HJ) is a traditional herbal medicine that exhibits anti‑inflammatory, antimicrobial and anti‑tumor effects that is used for the treatment of hypertension, pulmonary disease and leprosy. Recently, it has also been reported that HJ demonstrates neuroprotective properties in animal models of neurodegenerative diseases. The current study hypothesised that the administration of HJ would exhibit therapeutic effects in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a neurodevelopmental disorder with lifelong consequences.

Sodium phenylbutyrate reduces repetitive self-grooming behavior and rescues social and cognitive deficits in mouse models of autism.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopment disorder characterized by deficits in social interaction and restrictive, repetitive, and stereotypical patterns of behavior. However, there is no pharmacological drug that is currently used to target these core ASD symptoms. Sodium phenylbutyrate (NaPB) is a well-known long-term treatment of urea cycle disorders in children.

β‑Lapachone ameliorates L‑DOPA‑induced dyskinesia in a 6‑OHDA‑induced mouse model of Parkinson's disease.

The dopamine precursor 3,4‑dihydroxyphenyl‑ l‑alanine (L‑DOPA) is the most widely used symptomatic treatment for Parkinson's disease (PD); however, its prolonged use is associated with L‑DOPA‑induced dyskinesia in more than half of patients after 10 years of treatment. The present study investigated whether co‑treatment with β‑Lapachone, a natural compound, and L‑DOPA has protective effects in a 6‑hydroxydopamine (6‑OHDA)‑induced mouse model of PD. Unilateral 6‑OHDA‑lesioned mice were treated with vehicle or β‑Lapachone (10 mg/kg/day) and L‑DOPA for 11 days.

Metformin regulates astrocyte reactivity in Parkinson's disease and normal aging.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, leading to motor symptoms. Despite the remarkable improvements in the management of PD in recent decades, many patients remain significantly disabled. Metformin is a primary medication for the management of type 2 diabetes.

NQO1 regulates pharmaco-behavioral effects of d-amphetamine in striatal dopaminergic system in mice.

The NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) gene encodes a cytosolic flavoenzyme that catalyzes the two-electron reduction of quinones to hydroquinones. A polymorphic form of NQO1 is associated with mood disorders such as schizophrenia. However, the role of NQO1 in dopaminergic system has not yet been elucidated.

Piperlongumine decreases cognitive impairment and improves hippocampal function in aged mice.

Piperlongumine (PL), a biologically active compound from the Piper species, has been shown to exert various pharmacological effects in a number of conditions, including tumours, diabetes, pain, psychiatric disorders and neurodegenerative disease. In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic effects of PL on hippocampal function and cognition decline in aged mice. PL (50 mg/kg/day) was intragastrically administrated to 23‑month‑old female C57BL/6J mice for 8 weeks.