gamUnet: designing global attention-based CNN architectures for enhanced oral cancer detection and segmentation.

Introduction: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a significant global health burden, where timely and accurate diagnosis is essential for improved patient outcomes. Conventional diagnosis relies on manual evaluation of hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained slides, a time-consuming process requiring specialized expertise and prone to variability. While deep learning methods, especially convolutional neural networks (CNNs), have advanced automated analysis of histopathological images for cancerous tissues in various body parts, OSCC presents unique challenges.

Confined Cu Single Sites in ZSM-5 for Photocatalytic Hydroxylation of Benzene to Phenol.

Zeolites with band-like charge transport properties have exhibited their potential activities in sensing, optics, and electronics. Herein, a precisely designed Cu@ZSM-5 catalyst is presented with an ultra-wide bandgap of 4.27 eV, showing excellent photocatalytic activity in hydroxylation of benzene with benzene conversion 27.

Direct and stable hydrogenation of CO to aromatics over a tandem catalyst ZnTiO/HZSM-5.

Direct and stable conversion of CO to aromatics (CTA) is an attractive route for reducing CO emissions. However, due to the chemical inertness of CO, direct CTA reaction with high aromatics selectivity is still challenging. In this work, a tandem catalyst ZnTiO/HZSM-5 with appropriate density and strength of acid sites exhibits a high aromatics selectivity of 67.

An Intramolecular-Lock Facilitates Planar Tricyclic Fused Energetic Compounds.

Exploiting novel fused cyclic frameworks through simple and efficient methods has provided a blueprint for developing advanced explosives. In this study, six new [5,6,5]-tricyclic fused energetic compounds (-) were synthesized through an intramolecular cyclization strategy involving a C-NH directed cyclization reaction. The work not only boosts the development of fused cyclic energetic compounds but also highlights their potential applications as secondary or heat-resistant explosives.

Tribological Properties of Blocky Composites with Carbon Nanotubes.

A large amount of primary energy is lost due to friction, and the study of new additive materials to improve friction performance is in line with the concept of low carbon. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have advantages in drag reduction and wear resistance with their hollow structure and self-lubricating properties. This review investigated the mechanism of improving friction properties of blocky composites (including polymer, metal, and ceramic-based composites) with CNTs' incorporation.

Homolytic H dissociation for enhanced hydrogenation catalysis on oxides.

The limited surface coverage and activity of active hydrides on oxide surfaces pose challenges for efficient hydrogenation reactions. Herein, we quantitatively distinguish the long-puzzling homolytic dissociation of hydrogen from the heterolytic pathway on GaO, that is useful for enhancing hydrogenation ability of oxides. By combining transient kinetic analysis with infrared and mass spectroscopies, we identify the catalytic role of coordinatively unsaturated Ga in homolytic H dissociation, which is formed in-situ during the initial heterolytic dissociation.

Precise Confinement and Position Distribution of Atomic Cu and Zn in ZSM-5 for CO Hydrogenation to Methanol.

CuZn-based catalysts are widely used in CO hydrogenation, which may effectively convert CO to methanol and alleviate CO emission issues. The precise design of a model catalyst with a clear atomic structure is crucial in studying the relationship between structure and catalytic activity. In this work, a one-pot strategy was used to synthesize CuZn@ZSM-5 catalysts with approximately two Cu atoms and one Zn atom per unit cell.

A one-dimensional chain of manganese(II) bridged peroxomolybdate isolated from an aqueous Mn-polymolybdate-HO system.

A new manganese(II)-peroxomolybdate complex, Cs[Mn(OH)(MoO(O))]·4.25HO (Cs-1), was isolated from an aqueous solution containing manganese(II) sulfate, sodium heptamolybdate and hydrogen peroxide by the addition of Cs salt. Cs-1 was characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry (TG), IR spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis).

Practical and Robust Federated Learning With Highly Scalable Regression Training.

Privacy-preserving federated learning, as one of the privacy-preserving computation techniques, is a promising distributed and privacy-preserving machine learning (ML) approach for Internet of Medical Things (IoMT), due to its ability to train a regression model without collecting raw data of data owners (DOs). However, traditional interactive federated regression training (IFRT) schemes rely on multiple rounds of communication to train a global model and are still under various privacy and security threats. To overcome these problems, several noninteractive federated regression training (NFRT) schemes have been proposed and applied in a variety of scenarios.

The differences between gonadal and extra-gonadal malignant teratomas in both genders and the effects of chemotherapy.

Background: A tumor comprising of different types of tissues (such as hair, muscle, bone, etc.) is known as a teratoma. It is a type of germ cell (cells that make sperm or eggs) tumor.