Clinical characteristics and risk factors for escalation to anaphylaxis from non-severe drug hypersensitivity reaction.

Background: Drug hypersensitivity reaction (DHR) poses significant challenges in clinical practice, with some patients experiencing more severe reactions upon re-exposure. Understanding the factors contributing to escalation into more severe reactions is crucial for improving patient safety. This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and risk factors associated with the progression from non-severe DHR to anaphylaxis.

Effect of low-dose volatile anesthetics on intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring during anesthesia with remimazolam.

Background: Remimazolam is a novel short-acting benzodiazepine. We investigated the effects of low doses of volatile anesthetic agents on motor evoked potentials (MEPs) and somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs) during remimazolam-remifentanil anesthesia.

Methods: Thirty-nine patients undergoing cervical spine surgery were randomly assigned to either the sevoflurane (n = 20) or desflurane (n = 19) groups.

Effect of SMS Ward Round Notifications on Inpatient Experience in Acute Medical Settings: Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Ward rounds are an essential component of inpatient care. Patient participation in rounds is increasingly encouraged, despite the occasional complicated circumstances, especially in acute care settings.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of real-time ward round notifications using SMS text messaging on the satisfaction of inpatients in an acute medical ward.

Validity of Pleth Variability Index to Predict Fluid Responsiveness in Patients Undergoing Cervical Spine Surgery in the Modified Prone Position.

: The modified prone position, which is an alteration of the standard prone position, reduces cardiac preload. Dynamic variables including stroke volume variation (SVV), pulse pressure variation (PPV), and pleth variability index (PVI) are reliable predictors for fluid responsiveness during surgery. To the best of our knowledge, no studies assessing dynamic variables for fluid responsiveness have been conducted in the modified prone position.

Combined effect of temporal inundation and aboveground-cutting on the growth performance of two emergent wetland plants, and .

Background: is a common foundation species found in inland and brackish estuarine ecosystems. stands provide a wide range of habitats for wetland organisms and perform essential functions, such as nutrient cycling, pollutant filtration, wave energy reduction, and soil stabilization. However, excessive growth of can degrade the quality of wetland habitats, thereby reducing the functions of restored wetlands.

Stable and reusable calcium-responsive biopolymer for affinity precipitation of therapeutic antibodies.

Affinity precipitation is an attractive method for protein purification due to its many advantages, including the rapid capture of target proteins, simple processing, high specificity, and ease of scale-up. We previously reported a robust antibody purification method using Ca-dependent precipitation of ZZ-hCSQ2, a fusion protein of human calsequestrin 2, and the antibody-binding protein ZZ. However, the stability of this fusion protein was not sufficiently high for industrial use because the antibody recovery yield decreased to 60% after being reused 10 times.

Use of vasopressors to manage spinal anesthesia-induced hypotension during cesarean delivery.

Cesarean sections are commonly performed under spinal anesthesia, which can lead to hypotension, adversely affecting maternal and fetal outcomes. Hypotension following spinal anesthesia is generally defined as a blood pressure of 80-90% below the baseline value. Various strategies have been implemented to reduce the incidence of spinal anesthesia-induced hypotension.

Beneficial Effect of Rapamycin on Liver Fibrosis in a Mouse Model (C57bl/6 Mouse).

Background: Liver fibrosis is a chronic inflammatory disease that progresses and has a high mortality rate. This study was performed to investigate the protective effect of rapamycin on experimentally induced chronic liver injury in mice models using both biochemical parameters of liver function enzymes.

Methods: Twenty-four mice were divided randomly into 4 equal groups: [1] the normal group, n = 6; [2] the liver fibrosis (LF) group, n = 6; [3] the LF with the treatment of rapamycin group, n = 6; [4] the LF with the treatment of silimaryn, n = 6.

The neurocognitive role of working memory load when Pavlovian motivational control affects instrumental learning.

Research suggests that a fast, capacity-limited working memory (WM) system and a slow, incremental reinforcement learning (RL) system jointly contribute to instrumental learning. Thus, situations that strain WM resources alter instrumental learning: under WM loads, learning becomes slow and incremental, the reliance on computationally efficient learning increases, and action selection becomes more random. It is also suggested that Pavlovian learning influences people's behavior during instrumental learning by providing hard-wired instinctive responses including approach to reward predictors and avoidance of punishment predictors.

The Hospitalist-Oncologist co-ManagemEnt (HOME) system improves hospitalization outcomes of patients with cancer.

Background: The hospitalist system has been introduced to improve the quality and safety of inpatient care. As its effectiveness has been confirmed in previous studies, the hospitalist system is spreading in various fields. However, few studies have investigated the feasibility and value of hospitalist-led care of patients with cancer in terms of quality and safety measures.

Development of a Bispectral index score prediction model based on an interpretable deep learning algorithm.

Background: Proper maintenance of hypnosis is crucial for ensuring the safety of patients undergoing surgery. Accordingly, indicators, such as the Bispectral index (BIS), have been developed to monitor hypnotic levels. However, the black-box nature of the algorithm coupled with the hardware makes it challenging to understand the underlying mechanisms of the algorithms and integrate them with other monitoring systems, thereby limiting their use.

Effect of Active Surgical Co-Management by Medical Hospitalists in Urology Inpatient Care: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the use of active surgical co-management (SCM) by medical hospitalists for urology inpatient care.

Materials And Methods: Since March 2019, a hospitalist-SCM program was implemented at a tertiary-care medical center, and a retrospective cohort study was conducted among co-managed urology inpatients. We assessed the clinical outcomes of urology inpatients who received SCM and compared passive SCM (co-management of patients by hospitalists only on request; March 2019 to June 2020) with active SCM (co-management of patients based on active screening by hospitalists; July 2020 to October 2021).

Effect of intraoperative blood transfusion on inflammatory response in parturients with placenta previa undergoing cesarean section: A prospective observational study.

Background: The neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and red cell distribution width (RDW) have been reported as useful biomarkers for evaluating inflammation and a predictor of surgical prognosis. Although there have been recent reports that transfusion may affect inflammatory responses, studies on the post-transfusion inflammatory response in parturients are rare. Therefore, this study aimed to observe changes in inflammatory response after transfusion during cesarean section (C-sec) through NLR, PLR, and RDW.

Association of upper airway bacterial microbiota and asthma: systematic review.

Individual studies have suggested that upper airway dysbiosis may be associated with asthma or its severity. We aimed to systematically review studies that evaluated upper airway bacterial microbiota in relation to asthma, compared to nonasthmatic controls. Searches used MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science Core Collection.

Effect of outpatient physician involvement on the physician orders for life-sustaining treatment completed by hospitalists: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Hospitalists are becoming increasingly involved in end-of-life (EOL) care decision making. They participate in the completion of physician orders for life-sustaining treatment (POLST) for patients who have not yet decided whether to proceed with life-sustaining treatment (LST) at the EOL. However, hospitalists are not physicians who have continuously treated patients in outpatient settings; hence, the continuity of care may be poor.

Effect of the Concomitant Use of Subcutaneous Basal Insulin and Intravenous Insulin Infusion in the Treatment of Severe Hyperglycemic Patients.

Backgruound: No consensus exists regarding the early use of subcutaneous (SC) basal insulin facilitating the transition from continuous intravenous insulin infusion (CIII) to multiple SC insulin injections in patients with severe hyperglycemia other than diabetic ketoacidosis. This study evaluated the effect of early co-administration of SC basal insulin with CIII on glucose control in patients with severe hyperglycemia.

Methods: Patients who received CIII for the management of severe hyperglycemia were divided into two groups: the early basal insulin group (n=86) if they received the first SC basal insulin 0.

Association of Hepatic Steatosis Index with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Diagnosed by Non-Enhanced CT in a Screening Population.

The noninvasive diagnosis of hepatic steatosis is of increasing concern. This study investigated the association of hepatic steatosis determined by non-enhanced CT criteria with clinical parameters in a screening population. Asymptomatic patients who underwent abdominal CT at our healthcare center were retrospectively analyzed ( = 339).

Short-term high-dose intravenous iron reduced peri-operative transfusion after staggered bilateral total knee arthroplasty: A retrospective cohort study.

Background And Objectives: Staggered bilateral total knee arthroplasty, two procedures performed 4-7 days apart during a single hospitalization, has an increased risk of blood transfusion. This observational study aimed to evaluate whether immediate post-operative single, high-dose intravenous iron supplementation could reduce transfusion requirements and facilitate anaemia recovery in patients.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analysed 131 patients who underwent staggered bilateral total knee arthroplasty.

Immediate intravenous iron administration improves anaemia recovery following total knee arthroplasty: A propensity-matched analysis.

Background And Objectives: Patients who undergo total knee arthroplasty (TKA) have a risk of postoperative anaemia. This observational study evaluated whether single-dose intravenous ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) administered immediately after TKA facilitates the correction of anaemia.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analysed 722 patients who underwent primary TKA.

Management of massive hemorrhage in pregnant women with placenta previa.

Patients with placenta previa are at risk for intra- and postpartum massive blood loss as well as increased risk of placenta accreta, a type of abnormal placental implantation. This condition can lead to serious obstetric complications, including maternal mortality and morbidity. The risk factors for previa include prior cesarean section, multiparity, advanced maternal age, prior placenta previa history, prior uterine surgery, and smoking.