Tracing the concerted modulations in the metabolome and related metabolic pathways of tree species under simulated particulate matter stress through high-resolution NMR spectroscopy.

Particulate matter (PM) pollution presents a significant environmental challenge for urban vegetation. Trees have increasingly been used for remediation as a sink for PM which has harmful effects on their foliage. It is essential to trace and understand the effect of PM on the metabolomics of trees and related pathways to screen trees for efficient urban greening.

Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP): A potential therapeutic target against sepsis and sepsis-associated multiple organ failure.

Sepsis, a leading cause of death in intensive care units, is a systemic reaction to infections that causes significant organ damage and necessitates new treatments. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) has been identified as a key target in sepsis experimental research. CGRP, a 37 amino acid neuropeptide found throughout the body, plays a beneficial role in sepsis by reducing inflammatory cytokine release, inhibiting the oxidative stress pathway, and decreasing organ-specific inflammation.

Phytoconstituents as Potential Therapeutics against Enzymatic Targets for Neurodegenerative Diseases.

Neurodegenerative diseases are brought on by the loss of function of nerve cells in the brain or peripheral nervous system and afflict millions of people worldwide. Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease are the two most common neurodegenerative diseases. These neurodegenerative diseases are multi-factorial, progressive, age-related, and influenced by two factors: genetic and environmental.

JAK/STAT inhibitors mitigate sepsis-associated cerebral and cognitive injury.

Background: Sepsis is a life threatening condition which triggers multiple organ failure. Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is more prevalent form of sepsis which involves acute and long-term cerebral impairment. JAK/STAT pathway is one of the most crucial signaling cascades which promote neuroinflammation.

Progressive Disseminated Histoplasmosis with Primary Adrenal Insufficiency in Immunocompetent Person: A Case Report.

Histoplasmosis, also referred to as Darling's disease, is mainly caused by the thermally dimorphic fungus Histoplasma capsulatum. It is usually contracted by inhaling fungal spores found in soil contaminated with bat or bird droppings, often during activities like cave exploration. Although endemic in certain regions of India, such as the eastern part, and sporadically in southern and northern states, histoplasmosis can manifest with varied clinical presentations, ranging from asymptomatic to severe disseminated disease affecting multiple organs.

JNK inhibition mitigates sepsis-associated encephalopathy via attenuation of neuroinflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis.

Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a severe complication of sepsis, leading to cognitive dysfunction and neuronal damage. C-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs), a subset of the MAP kinase family, have attracted substantial interest for their role in cellular events during sepsis conditions. Previous investigations have established the involvement of JNK signaling against memory impairment and abnormal synaptic plasticity.

Novel flangeless video laryngoscope for limited mouth opening.

Airway management plays a crucial role in providing adequate oxygenation and ventilation to patients during various medical procedures and emergencies. When patients have a limited mouth opening due to factors such as trauma, inflammation, or anatomical abnormalities airway management becomes challenging. A commonly utilized method to overcome this challenge is the use of video laryngoscopy (VL), which employs a specialized device equipped with a camera and a light source to allow a clear view of the larynx and vocal cords.

Association of infrastructure and operations with antibiotic resistance potential in the dairy environment in India.

The dairy industry in developing countries is often associated with inappropriate use of antibiotics and the subsequent contamination of the environment with co-selectors of antibiotic resistance. However, the specific factors in dairy farm environments that influence antibiotic resistance levels and the subsequent exposure risks to farm workers are unknown. We examined the link between the infrastructure and operations of the dairy farm and the antibiotic resistance potential in India, which is the highest producer and consumer of dairy products globally.

A focus on c-Jun-N-terminal kinase signaling in sepsis-associated multiple organ dysfunction: Mechanisms and therapeutic strategies.

Sepsis is a life-threatening condition characterized by a widespread inflammatory response to infection, inevitably leading to multiple organ dysfunctions. Extensive research, both in vivo and in vitro, has revealed key factors contributing to sepsis, such as apoptosis, inflammation, cytokine release, oxidative stress, and systemic stress. The changes observed during sepsis-induced conditions are mainly attributed to altered signal transduction pathways, which play a critical role in cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis.

Involvement of macromolecules in 3D printing for wound healing management: A narrative review.

Wound healing comprises four overlapping stages involving complex biochemical and cellular processes. Any lapse in this procedure causes irregular healing, which generates clinical and financial burdens for the health system. Personalized treatment is preferred to overcome the limitations of classical as well as modern methods of wound healing.

Expression of major facilitator superfamily protein in transporters - Δ identifies a drug transporter.

To assess the functional relevance of a putative Major Facilitator Superfamily protein (PF3D7_0210300; 'MFSDT') as a drug transporter, using for orthologous protein expression. Complementary Determining Sequence encoding MFSDT was integrated into the genome of genetically engineered strain MSY8 via homologous recombination, followed by assessing its functional relevance as a drug transporter. The modified strain exhibited plasma membrane localization of MFSDT and characteristics of an Major Facilitator Superfamily transporter, conferring resistance to antifungals, ketoconazole and itraconazole.

A Diagnosis of Sheehan's Syndrome: Better Late Than Never.

A middle-aged woman presented with history of fatigue, low mood, swelling of limbs, and facial puffiness. On detailed history taking, she also complained of salt craving, secondary amenorrhea, and loss of libido for almost a decade. Investigations revealed pan-hypopituitarism.

Anticancer activity of quantum size carbon dots: opportunities and challenges.

Research into the anticancer activity of quantum-sized carbon dots (CDs) has emerged as a promising avenue in cancer research. This CDs delves into the opportunities and challenges associated with harnessing the potential of these nanostructures for combating cancer. Quantum-sized carbon dots, owing to their unique physicochemical properties, exhibit distinct advantages as potential therapeutic agents.

Naringin: A flavanone with a multifaceted target against sepsis-associated organ injuries.

Background: Sepsis causes multiple organ dysfunctions and raises mortality and morbidity rates through a dysregulated host response to infection. Despite the growing research interest over the last few years, no satisfactory treatment exists. Naringin, a naturally occurring bioflavonoid with vast therapeutic potential in citrus fruits and Chinese herbs, has received much attention for treating sepsis-associated multiple organ dysfunctions.

Dual Role of TRPV1 Channels in Cerebral Stroke: An Exploration from a Mechanistic and Therapeutic Perspective.

Transient receptor potential vanilloid subfamily member 1 (TRPV1) has been strongly implicated in the pathophysiology of cerebral stroke. However, the exact role and mechanism remain elusive. TPRV1 channels are exclusively present in the neurovascular system and involve many neuronal processes.

Role of infrastructure and operation in disease prevalence in dairy farms: groundwork for disease prevention-based antibiotic stewardship.

Attempts at regulating misuse of antibiotics in the dairy industry have been ineffective, especially in low- and middle-income countries, who also typically have high burden of preventable infectious disease, we propose a disease prevention-based approach to minimize the need and in turn consumption of antibiotics in dairy farms. Since the immediate environment of the animals is key to disease prevalence, we targeted the infrastructure- and operation-related factors in dairy farms and their link with prevalence of most common diseases and symptoms. We conducted four focused group discussions and a cross-sectional survey in 378 dairy farms to investigate disease prevalence and associated infrastructural (housing system, and manger shape), and operational (waste management, feed management, and type of cleaning agent) parameters.

Outcome of Total Surgical Debridement of Covid Associated Rhino-Orbito-Cerebral Mucormycosis Based on a New Surgical Staging System: A Cohort Study.

To propose a surgical staging system with management protocol for post-covid Rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) with central skull base osteomyelitis. A prospective cohort study of a total of 193 post-covid ROCM patients was conducted between May 2021 and January 2022 at a tertiary care centre. Patients were assessed radiologically and staged from I to V.

Insights into the interface of NiCoO spinel /LaCoO perovskite nano-composite for CO and soot oxidation.

In the quest for the development of thermally stable, highly active and low-cost catalysts for use in catalyzed diesel particulate filter, nano-composites are new areas of research. Therefore, we reported the easy synthesis of spinel NiCoO/perovskite LaCoO nano-composite, and its individual oxides NiCoO and LaCoO for comparison. The detailed insights into the physio-chemical characteristics of formed NiCoO/ LaCoO nano-composite were done based on various characterization analysis such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), N physiosorption, scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).

Spatially activated conserved auxin-transcription factor regulatory module controls de novo root organogenesis in rice.

This study reveals that the process of crown root development and auxin-induced de novo root organogenesis during in vitro plantlet regeneration share a common auxin-OsWOX10 regulatory module in rice. In the fibrous-type root system of rice, the crown roots (CR) are developed naturally from the shoot tissues. Generation of robust auxin response, followed by activation of downstream cell fate determinants and signaling pathways at the onset of crown root primordia (CRP) establishment is essential for new root initiation.

Assessment of the differential trade-off between growth, subsistence, and productivity of two popular Indian hybrid mango varieties under elevated ozone exposure.

The multifunctionality of plants is well known to be compromised in the areas experiencing higher concentrations of tropospheric ozone (O). Mango (Mangifera indica L.) cultivation is essential to the economy of tropical regions, including India.

Targeting an essential cold shock protein to block growth and transmission of malaria parasite.

Cold shock proteins are characterized by the presence of one or more cold shock domains that bestow them with nucleic acid binding ability. Although cold shock proteins are well characterized in bacteria, plants and humans, there is no information on their existence and role in malaria parasite. Here, we have identified and delineated the function of a cold shock protein of () 'CoSP'.

Lateral root branching: evolutionary innovations and mechanistic divergence in land plants.

The root system architecture in plants is a result of multiple evolutionary innovations over time in response to changing environmental cues. Dichotomy and endogenous lateral branching in the roots evolved in lycophytes lineage but extant seed plants use lateral branching instead. This has led to the development of complex and adaptive root systems, with lateral roots playing a key role in this process exhibiting conserved and divergent features in different plant species.

Natural polyphenols: a promising bioactive compounds for skin care and cosmetics.

The physiological and morphological aspects of skin suffer from frequent change. Numerous internal and external factors have direct impact on inducing various skin problems like inflammation, aging, cancer, oxidative stress, hyperpigmentation etc. The use of plant polyphenols as a photo-ecting agent is gaining popularity nowadays.

Implications of Foliar Particulate Matter Deposition on the Physiology and Nutrient Allocation of Dominant Perennial Species of the Indo-Gangetic Plains.

The ramifications of different concentrations of foliar particulate matter on the physiology, nutrient stoichiometry, allocation pattern, and their corresponding re-translocation rates were investigated for evergreen ( and ), semi-evergreen ( and ), and deciduous () tree species in a simulation experiment over an exposure period of 2 years. Physiological parameters (P, g, Ci, E, and WUE), nutrient stoichiometry (C: N) in different plant parts, and their allocation pattern for five macro- (C, N, K, Mg, Ca) and five (Zn, Ni, Mn, Cu, Fe) micro-elements at two different concentrations of particulate matter (ambient and elevated) with respect to control (no particulate load) were assessed. Significant differences in nutrient concentrations and their re-translocation rates were observed between the treatments in evergreen species compared to deciduous species.