Integrating TWAS and GWAS identifies gut microbiota-immune interactions to alcohol dependence genetics in European sample.

Objective: Alcohol dependence (AD) is a global public health concern with strong genetic characteristics. The purpose of this study was to explore the underlying pathogenic genes and mechanisms associated with AD.

Methods: This study employed a multi-omics Mendelian randomization approach to identify potential disease-causing genes for AD.

Implementation Method of Five-Axis CNC RTOS Kernel Based on gLink-II Bus.

With the rapid development of Computerized Numerical Control (CNC) systems, traditional industrial communication protocols fail to meet the requirements for high real-time performance and reliability. To address these challenges, an open five-axis CNC system is designed and implemented based on the gLink-II bus protocol. This system features a layered architecture that integrates the Windows operating system with a Real-Time Operating System (RTOS) kernel, along with a multithreaded data interaction structure based on a circular buffer to enhance real-time data transmission performance and improve system responsiveness.

A cutter contacting point trajectory prediction method combining harmonic functions and dimensionality reduction for improving machining precision in flat-end milling.

In five-axis machining, deviations between actual and theoretical cutter contacting (CC) point trajectories lead to nonlinear errors, adversely affecting machining precision. This paper presents a novel method aimed at reducing nonlinear errors at CC points, enhancing overall accuracy in machining processes. We establish that interpolated CC points within a machining segment lie on the same plane, which provides a foundational insight into the geometric behavior of the machining system.

Efficacy of valgus osteotomy in treating nonunion of femoral neck fractures post-internal fixation.

Background: Nonunion of femoral neck fractures following internal fixation presents a significant challenge, particularly in young patients. This study evaluated the efficacy of valgus osteotomy in treating femoral neck fracture nonunion after failed internal fixation in young adults.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted including a total of 23 male patients with a mean age of 32.

Inotodiol induces hepatocellular carcinoma apoptosis by activation of MAPK/ERK pathway.

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) has a high mortality and morbidity rate and seriously jeopardizes human life. Chemicals and chemotherapeutic agents have been experiencing problems such as side effects and drug resistance in the treatment of HCC, which cannot meet the needs of clinical treatment. Therefore, finding novel low-toxicity and high-efficiency anti-hepatocellular carcinoma drugs and exploring their mechanisms of action have become the current problems to be solved in the treatment of HCC.

Visual and corresponding tactile dataset of flexible material for robots and cross modal perception.

Humans primarily understand the world around them through visual perception and touch. As a result, visual and tactile information play crucial roles in the interaction between humans and their environment. In order to establish a correlation between what is seen and what is felt on the same object, particularly on flexible objects (such as textile, leather, skin etc.

An integrated method for compensating and correcting nonlinear error in five-axis machining utilizing cutter contacting point data.

In current five-axis computer numerical control (CNC) machining, the use of minute linear path segments as an approximation for the ideal cutter contacting (CC) point trajectory is still prevalent. However, introducing rotation axes leads to a deviation of the actual CC point trajectory from the ideal, resulting in nonlinear errors. An integrated method is proposed in this paper for compensating and correcting both the contour error, associated with the approximation of the part surface by the ideal CC point trajectory and the nonlinear error of the CC point trajectory based on the information in the CC point data.

Diffusion of polymer-grafted nanoparticles with dynamical fluctuations in unentangled polymer melts.

The dynamics of polymer-grafted nanoparticles (PGNPs) in melts of unentangled linear chains were investigated by means of coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations. The results demonstrated that the graft monomers closer to the particle surface relax more slowly than those farther away due to the constraint of the grafted surface and the confinement of the neighboring chains. Such heterogeneous relaxations of the surrounding environment would perturb the particle motion, making them fluctuating around their centers before they can diffuse through the melt.

Four-quadrant fast compressive tracking of breast ultrasound videos for computer-aided response evaluation of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in mice.

Background And Objective: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is a valuable treatment approach for locally advanced breast cancer. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) potentially enables the assessment of therapeutic response to NAC. In order to evaluate the response accurately, quantitatively and objectively, a method that can effectively compensate motions of breast cancer in CEUS videos is urgently needed.

Development of deep learning algorithms for predicting blastocyst formation and quality by time-lapse monitoring.

Approaches to reliably predict the developmental potential of embryos and select suitable embryos for blastocyst culture are needed. The development of time-lapse monitoring (TLM) and artificial intelligence (AI) may help solve this problem. Here, we report deep learning models that can accurately predict blastocyst formation and usable blastocysts using TLM videos of the embryo's first three days.

3-D Gabor-based anisotropic diffusion for speckle noise suppression in dynamic ultrasound images.

Speckle noise contaminates medical ultrasound images, and the suppression of speckle noise is helpful for image interpretation. Traditional ultrasound denoising (i.e.

Mesoporous WO modified by Au nanoparticles for enhanced trimethylamine gas sensing properties.

In this paper, KIT-6 is used as a template to prepare ordered mesoporous materials WO and Au-loaded WO (Au-WO). The pristine WO sensor and the Au-WO sensor are fabricated for the detection of 19 important gases, such as trimethylamine, formaldehyde and CS. The results show that the Au-WO sensor has better selectivity and higher response to TMA.

High-power and reliable GaN-based vertical light-emitting diodes on 4-inch silicon substrate.

High-power and reliable GaN-based vertical light-emitting diodes (V-LEDs) on 4-inch silicon substrate were fabricated and characterized in this article. The metallization scheme reliability was improved by depositing the Pt/Ti films that surround the compressed Ag/TiW films to protect it from environmental humidity. We demonstrated that although current crowding in V-LEDs was not as severe as that in lateral light-emitting diodes (L-LEDs), high current density around the opaque metal n-electrode in V-LEDs remained a problem.

Effect of strain relaxation on performance of InGaN/GaN green LEDs grown on 4-inch sapphire substrate with sputtered AlN nucleation layer.

Here we demonstrate high-brightness InGaN/GaN green light emitting diodes (LEDs) with in-situ low-temperature GaN (LT-GaN) nucleation layer (NL) and ex-situ sputtered AlN NL on 4-inch patterned sapphire substrate. Compared to green LEDs on LT-GaN (19 nm)/sapphire template, green LEDs on sputtered AlN (19 nm)/template has better crystal quality while larger in-plane compressive strain. As a result, the external quantum efficiency (EQE) of green LEDs on sputtered AlN (19 nm)/sapphire template is lower than that of green LEDs on LT-GaN (19 nm)/sapphire template due to strain-induced quantum-confined Stark effect (QCSE).

Effect of Dielectric Distributed Bragg Reflector on Electrical and Optical Properties of GaN-Based Flip-Chip Light-Emitting Diodes.

We demonstrated two types of GaN-based flip-chip light-emitting diodes (FCLEDs) with distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) and without DBR to investigate the effect of dielectric TiO₂/SiO₂ DBR on optical and electrical characteristics of FCLEDs. The reflector consisting of two single TiO₂/SiO₂ DBR stacks optimized for different central wavelengths demonstrates a broader reflectance bandwidth and a less dependence of reflectance on the incident angle of light. As a result, the light output power (LOP) of FCLED with DBR shows 25.

Speckle Suppression of Ultrasonography Using Maximum Likelihood Estimation and Weighted Nuclear Norm Minimization.

Speckle noise corrupts medical ultrasound images and suppression of speckle noise is valuable for image interpretation. This paper presents a new method for speckle suppression named the maximum likelihood based weighted nuclear norm minimization (MLWNNM) filtering by integrating the maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) with the weighted nuclear norm minimization (WNNM). The MLE is first used to get an initially filtered image with reduced Rayleigh distributed noise, and then the WNNM is applied to further improve the denoising effect by preserving and enhancing tissue details.

The effect of nanometre-scale V-pits on electronic and optical properties and efficiency droop of GaN-based green light-emitting diodes.

The development of efficient green light-emitting diodes (LEDs) is of paramount importance for the realization of colour-mixing white LEDs with a high luminous efficiency. While the insertion of an InGaN/GaN superlattice (SL) with a lower In content before the growth of InGaN/GaN multiple quantum wells (MQWs) is known to increase the efficiency of LEDs, the actual mechanism is still debated. We therefore conduct a systematic study and investigate the different mechanisms for this system.