Bim gene regulation in hypoxic stress response of blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala): Mechanisms of apoptosis, oxidative stress, and transcriptional control by c-Ets-2.

Despite its significant economic value, the blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) is extremely sensitive to hypoxia. Derived from blunt snout bream gill filament cell lines, Megalobrama amblycephala gill (MAG) cells are closely linked to hypoxia, making them suitable for identifying related genes' hypoxia tolerance. This study explores the roles of the Bcl-2 interacting mediator of cell death gene (Bim) in the gill tissues and MAG cells under hypoxic conditions.

Nobiletin suppresses nasopharyngeal carcinoma by regulating the KEAP1/NRF2/ARE pathway.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) ranks among the most prevalent malignancies, particularly in East Asia and Southeast Asia. Nobiletin (NOB), an exclusive polymethoxyflavonoid derived from citrus peel, exhibits diverse physiological properties, notably its potent anticancer activity. Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1), the repressor protein regulating the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) transcription factor, has emerged as a promising strategy for addressing oxidative stress in various diseases.

Pretreatment with 'Chachi' Polysaccharide Alleviates Alcohol-Induced Gastric Ulcer by Inhibiting NLRP3/ASC/Caspase-1 and Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathways.

Objectives: This study was designed to investigate the gastroprotective effects of 'Chachi' polysaccharide (CRP) against alcohol-induced gastric ulcers (GUs) and to elucidate its underlying mechanisms.

Methods: CRP was extracted, purified, and structurally characterized. BALB/c mice (50/250 mg/kg CRP) and GES-1 cells (1 mg/mL CRP) were subjected to alcohol-induced injury.

Effects of petroleum contamination on soil metal(loid)s and microbial communities.

Evaluating petroleum contamination risk and implementing remedial measures in agricultural soil rely on indicators such as soil metal(loid)s and microbiome alterations. However, the response of these indicators to petroleum contamination remains under-investigated. The present study investigated the soil physicochemical features, metal(loid)s, microbial communities and networks, and phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) community structures in soil samples collected from long- (LC) and short-term (SC) petroleum-contaminated oil fields.

Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium modulates gut microbiota: Impacts on human health.

The gut microbiota (GM) is a complex and dynamic ecosystem comprising bacteria, viruses, fungi, archaea, and eukaryotic organisms. It plays a critical role in maintaining human health by regulating immune responses, gastrointestinal function, metabolism, and neurological activity. Maintaining a balanced GM is essential, as dysbiosis-an imbalance in microbial composition-has been linked to a variety of disorders, including gastrointestinal diseases, metabolic syndromes, and neurological conditions.

The effect of Gougunao tea polysaccharide on lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemia induced by a high-fat diet and its structural characteristics.

In this study, the effect of Gougunao tea polysaccharide (GTP40) on lipid metabolism in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced hyperlipidemic mice and its core structure were investigated. GTP40 effectively reversed the increase in weights of the liver and adipose tissues induced by HFD. The oxidative stress of the liver was also significantly alleviated following GTP40 intervention.

Influence of Storage Environments and Packaging Materials on the Bioactive Compounds in Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium.

Guang Chenpi (GCP), a geographically protected citrus peel aged ≥ 3 years, is renowned for its medicinal and culinary value. However, scientific guidelines for optimizing its storage conditions-critical for balancing bioactive compound preservation and maturation-remain lacking, hindering industrial standardization. This study systematically evaluated how temperature, humidity, and container materials regulate GCP's chemical evolution during 24-month storage.

Exploring the allosteric effect of SHP2 Tyr62 phosphorylation on the emergence of acquired resistance to allosteric inhibitor SHP099.

The Src homology-2 (SH2)-containing phosphatase 2 (SHP2), a non-receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase, is a key regulator modulating various signaling pathways. Recent studies have revealed that phosphorylation of Tyr62 (pY62) on the N-SH2 domain of SHP2 causes the emergence of acquired resistance to the allosteric inhibitor of SHP2 (SHP099) that occupies the PTP catalytic domain. However, the allosteric mechanism underlying the insensitivity of the allosteric inhibitor SHP099 to the phosphorylated SHP2 (pSHP2) remains unexplored.

Millettia speciosa Champ. root extracts relieve exhaustive fatigue by regulating gut microbiota in mice.

Background: Exhaustive fatigue (EF) has become a common concern, and using natural active ingredients as prebiotics has become prospective strategy for fatigue alleviation. Millettia speciosa Champ. root (MS) has anti-fatigue activity, but the relationship between MS anti-fatigue effect and gut microbiota remains unclear.

[Use of Machine Learning Methods to Identify Soil Parent Materials in a High-cadmium Geological Background Area].

Recently, the characteristics of high Cd content and low Cd mobility in karstic soil of a high geological background area in south China have received extensive attention. Parent material type is crucial for understanding soil Cd geochemical behavior and identifying soil ecological risk. However, the southern tropical climate leads to fewer rock outcrops, and it is difficult to obtain accurate parent material information.

The structural characteristics of a pectic polysaccharide from Choerospondias axillaris fruit and its immunomodulatory effect on cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed mice.

This study aimed to elucidate the structure of a polysaccharide from Choerospondias axillaris fruit (CAP) and to evaluate the immunomodulatory effect against cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunosuppression mice. The solution of CAP exhibited non-Newtonian pseudoplastic fluid behavior. The backbone of CAP was defined as →2)-α-L-Rhap-(1 → 4)-α-D-GalpA-(1 → 4)-α-D-GalpA-(1 → [4)-α-D-GalpA-(1]→, with side chains attached at the O-4 and O-3 positions, demonstrating that CAP is a pectic polysaccharide with partial methyl esterification.

SJB2-043, a USP1 Inhibitor, Suppresses A549 Cell Proliferation, Migration, and EMT via Modulation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR, MAPK, and Wnt Signaling Pathways.

Objective: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains one of the most significant contributors to cancer-related mortality. This investigation explores the influence and underlying mechanisms of the USP1 inhibitor SJB2-043 on A549 cells, with the aim of advancing the development of anti-NSCLC therapeutics.

Methods: Publicly available databases were utilized to assess USP1 expression and its association with the progression of NSCLC.

Apigenin ameliorates inflamed ulcerative colitis by regulating mast cell degranulation via the PAMP-MRGPRX2 feedback loop.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of API on UC via the regulation of PAMP-MRGPRX2-mediated mast cells (MCs) degranulation.

Background: The pro-inflammatory positive feedback loop mediated by Mas-related G-protein-coupled receptor X2 (MRGPRX2) and its endogenous ligand, PAMP-12, is associated with ulcerative colitis (UC) progression. However, the therapeutic strategies that target MRGPRX2 in the treatment of UC are less reported.

Comparation of brain-targeting chitosan/sodium tripolyphosphate and ovalbumin/sodium carboxymethylcellulose nanoparticles on dihydromyricetin delivery and cognitive impairment in obesity-related Alzheimer's disease.

The brain-gut axis plays an important role in regulating cognitive ability in obesity-related Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, we aimed to investigate the correlation between the barrier penetration ability of the DMY nanodelivery system in vivo and the regulation of the gut-brain axis to alleviate cognitive impairment. Brain-targeted peptide (TGN: TGNYKALHPHNG) and DMY loaded chitosan (CS)/sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) nanoparticles (TGN-DMY-CS/TPP-NPs) and ovalbumin (OVA)/sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) nanoparticles (TGN-DMY-OVA/CMC-NPs) were prepared.

Antitumor Activity of USP7 Inhibitor GNE-6776 in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Involves Regulation of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition, Cell Cycle, Wnt/β-Catenin, and PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathways.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a major cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. This study investigated the effects and mechanisms of the USP7 inhibitor GNE-6776 on human NSCLC A549 and H1299 cells, providing insights for anti-NSCLC drug development. USP7 expression was analyzed in lung cancer tissue using data from public databases.

Establishment of the Tgf2-based anti-hemorrhagic disease system THVS and analysis of its disease resistance effects in Gobiocypris rarus.

Grass carp reovirus (GCRV) belongs to the family of reoviridae, which mainly causes hemorrhagic disease in grass carp, with high morbidity and mortality rate, which seriously affects the efficiency of grass carp aquaculture, and at present, there is no effective treatment and new varieties of disease-resistant species. Capsid-targeted viral inactivation (CTVI) is a potent antiviral strategy based on the formation of fusion proteins between viral coat proteins and exogenous proteins, whereby the fusion proteins are integrated into the virus upon viral invasion and assembly, and the exogenous proteins directly disrupt and degrade the viral DNA/RNA to provide antiviral efficacy. The aim of this paper was to explore the potential application of CTVI in rare minnow infested with GCRV, to provide a theoretical basis for the breeding of new varieties of grass carp resistant to hemorrhagic disease.

Polysaccharides from Champ. Ameliorates Excessive Exercise-Induced Fatigue by Regulating Gut Microbiota.

This study aimed to explore the ameliorative effect of Champ. polysaccharides (MSP) on excessive exercise-induced fatigue (EF) mice. The physicochemical characterization and antioxidant activities were analyzed.

Using machine learning to predict selenium content in crops: Implications for soil health and agricultural land utilization in longevity regions.

Selenium (Se) is an indispensable trace element to human health, yet its biological tolerance threshold is relatively narrow. The potential application of machine learning methods to indirectly predict the Se content in crops across regional areas, thereby validating the reasonableness of soil health thresholds, remains to be explored. This study analyzed the factors influencing Se absorption in crops from longevity regions and employed machine learning models to predict the bioconcentration factor of Se, thereby obtaining selenium content in these crops and ultimately estimated the Se threshold for healthy soils.

Differentiating Tangerine Peels from Other through GC-MS, UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS, and HPLC-PDA.

The nonvolatile and volatile compounds in the peels of 13 cultivars (4 mandarins, 5 tangerines, and 4 hybrids) and 5 (sweet oranges) cultivars were analyzed. Initially, 66 volatile compounds were detected using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Tangerines were distinguished from other citrus cultivars (mandarins, sweet oranges, hybrids) by having higher volatile oil extraction rates and higher relative contents of o-Cymene, α-Terpinene, d-α-Pinene, Terpinolene, γ-Terpinene, l-β-Pinene, and 3-Thujene.

Smilaxchina L. polyphenols inhibit LPS-induced macrophage M1 polarization to alleviate inflammation through NF-κB signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: As an important component of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is an important inducer of inflammation in humans. Smilax china L. is known for its diverse bioactive functions, particularly its anti-inflammatory effects.

Characterization of Choerospondias axillaris polysaccharide‑iron (III) complex and its effect on iron deficiency anemia mice.

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a prevalent nutritional deficiency problem. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of Choerospondias axillaris polysaccharide-Fe (III) complex and its effect on IDA mice. CAP-Fe (III) complex was synthesized by co-thermal synthesis method with an iron content of 27.

3D Biofabrication of Microporous Hydrogels for Tissue Engineering.

Microporous hydrogels have been utilized in an unprecedented manner in the last few decades, combining materials science, biology, and medicine. Their microporous structure makes them suitable for wide applications, especially as cell carriers in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Microporous hydrogel scaffolds provide spatial and platform support for cell growth and proliferation, which can promote cell growth, migration, and differentiation, influencing tissue repair and regeneration.