Risk factors and predictive model for mortality in acute myocardial infarction with ventricular septal rupture at high altitudes.

Background: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) combined with ventricular septal perforation (VSR) is still a highly fatal condition in the era of reperfusion therapy. The incidence rate has decreased to 0.2%-0.

Large-scale survey, animal models, and computational modeling identify histological neurodegenerative biomarkers for traumatic optic neuropathy.

BACKGROUNDTraumatic optic neuropathy (TON) is a leading cause of blindness following closed traumatic brain injury, with no effective treatments available. Previous interventional clinical trials were complicated by its low prevalence, variability in neurodegenerative severity, and unavailability of reliable biomarkers.METHODSWe analyzed data from 1,226 patients enrolled in the prospective National Multi-Center Collaborative Clinical Research Program of China (2017-2024) to establish a clinical profile and identify noninvasive biomarkers for neurodegenerative severity.

Causal correlations between inflammatory proteins and heart failure: A two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis.

Aims: Inflammation plays a critical role in both the development and progression of heart failure (HF), which is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, the causality between specific inflammation-related proteins and HF risk remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the genetically supported causality between inflammatory proteins and HF using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

Exploring the mediating role of calcium homeostasis in the association between diabetes mellitus, glycemic traits, and vascular and valvular calcifications: a comprehensive Mendelian randomization analysis.

Background: The interplay between diabetes mellitus (DM), glycemic traits, and vascular and valvular calcifications is intricate and multifactorial. Exploring potential mediators may illuminate underlying pathways and identify novel therapeutic targets.

Methods: We utilized univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to investigate associations and mediation effects.

Deoxynivalenol and zearalenone: Different mycotoxins with different toxic effects in donkey (Equus asinus) endometrial epithelial cells.

Deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEA), which are commonly found in feed products, exhibit serious negative effects on the reproductive systems of domestic animals. However, the toxicity of mycotoxins on the uterine function of donkey (Equus asinus) remains unclear. This study investigated the biological effects of DON and ZEA exposure on donkey endometrial epithelial cells (EECs).

Pharmacokinetics of Acetaminophen and Metformin Hydrochloride in Rats After Exposure to Simulated High Altitude Hypoxia.

The pharmacokinetic characteristics of drugs were altered under high altitude hypoxia, thereby affecting the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of drug. However, there are few literatures on the pharmacokinetic changes of antipyretic and pain-relieving drugs and cardiovascular system drugs at high altitude. This study aimed to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of acetaminophen and metformin hydrochloride in rats under simulated high altitude hypoxia condition.

Regulation of High-Altitude Hypoxia on the Transcription of CYP450 and UGT1A1 Mediated by PXR and CAR.

Little is known about what roles the pregnane X receptor (PXR) and constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) play in drug metabolism in high-altitude hypoxia. Likewise, the potential interaction of nuclear receptors and drug metabolism enzymes during drug metabolism of high-altitude hypoxia is not fully understood. In this work, we investigated the effects of high-altitude hypoxia on transcriptional regulation of cytochrome P450 (CYP450) and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) genes mediated by PXR and CAR proteins.

The role of liver stiffness measurement in the evaluation of liver function and esophageal varices in cirrhotic patients.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of liver stiffness measurement (LSM) in predicting the presence and severity of esophageal varices (EV) and investigating its association with liver function (LF) in patients with liver cirrhosis.

Methods: Medical records of 90 cirrhotic patients who underwent LSM by transient elastography were retrospectively reviewed. The relationship between LSM and the presence and severity of EV was evaluated by esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and multislice spiral computed tomography (MSCT).

[Mutation analysis of the GLUD1 gene in patients with glutamate dehydrogenase congenital hyperinsulinism].

Objective: To investigate the glutamate dehydrogenase 1 (GLUD1) gene mutation of three patients diagnosed as glutamate dehydrogenase congenital hyperinsulinism (GDH-HI).

Methods: Three patients diagnosed as GDH-HI and their parents were involved in the study. PCR-DNA direct sequencing was used to analyze the exons 6,7,10,11 and 12 of the GLUD1 gene.

Beneficial effects of oligopeptides from marine salmon skin in a rat model of type 2 diabetes.

Objective: This study aimed at investigating whether treatment with oligopeptides from marine salmon skin (OMSS) could modulate type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)-related hyperglycemia and β-cell apoptosis in rats induced by high fat diet and low doses of streptozotocin and its therapeutic mechanisms.

Methods: Groups of T2DM rats were treated with OMSS or bovine serum albumin (3.0 g/kg/d) for 4 wk and their blood samples, together with those of normal control rats, were collected before and 4 wk after treatment.

[Study on the fluorescence spectra of 7-hydroxyquinoline in dimethyl sulfoxide solution].

7-hydroxyquinoline (7-HQ) is a kind of organic molecule with excited-state proton transfer (ESPT) effect. 7-HQ in ethanol solution causes ESPT reaction under the excitation of ultraviolet light. The fluorescence spectrum of the sample exhibits two bands.

[The inhibition effect of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist on interleukin-1 alpha-induced intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression on orbital fibroblasts and adhesion of peripheral blood mononuclear cells].

Objective: The aim was to identify whether interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) inhibits interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha)-induced intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression on cultured orbital fibroblasts, and adhesion of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to orbital fibroblasts, and to investigate the clinical application potential of IL-1ra in the treatment of Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO).

Methods: Cultured orbital fibroblasts from patients with GO and controls were challenged with IL-1 alpha or/and IL-1ra. Immunocytochemical staining was used to examine the changes of ICAM-1 in response to IL-1ra treatment; fluorescent photomicroscope was used to measure the adhesion between the labeled PBMC and orbital fibroblasts.

[Clinical analysis of tumors of the iris and ciliary body].

Objective: To evaluate the clinical features, different diagnosis, pathological features, management, and prognosis of tumors of the iris and ciliary body.

Methods: Medical records, photographs, pathological findings and the results of follow-up of 37 cases with tumors of the iris and ciliary body were reviewed as a retrospective study.

Results: Of the 37 cases with tumors of the iris and ciliary body, 26 were male and 11 were female.