Associations between persistent organic pollutants and thyroid-related hormones and homeostasis parameters in middle-aged to older men and postmenopausal women: The HCHS/SOL.

Background: Previous research has yielded inconsistent results on associations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) with thyroid hormones, which has been implicated in diabetes development. Studies specifically investigating associations with hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) homeostasis parameters or associations in postmenopausal women are limited.

Methods: Using baseline examination data between 2008 and 2011, we studied 1073 men and 716 postmenopausal women participating in an ancillary study of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL).

Association of liver related biomarkers with incident cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in the Hispanic community health study/study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL), a population-based cohort study.

Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) increases risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Despite the high prevalence of MASLD among Hispanic populations, there is a scarcity of research on the associations between non-invasive markers of liver disease and incident CVD and all-cause mortality. In this study we investigated the association of liver related biomarkers with CVD events and all-cause mortality in a population based Hispanic/Latino cohort.

Neighborhood environment and incident diabetes, a neighborhood environment-wide association study ('NE-WAS'): Results from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL).

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is increasing among the Hispanic/Latino population. Type 2 diabetes incidence rates vary between neighborhoods, but no single aspect of the neighborhood environment is known to cause type 2 diabetes. Using data from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos cohort of 16,415 Hispanic/Latino adults in four major US cities, we conducted a neighborhood environment-wide association study to identify neighborhood measures or clusters of measures associated with diabetes incidence.

Prevalence and Phenotype of Transthyretin Val122Ile Variant in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos.

Background: Hereditary transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy is commonly caused by the Val122Ile variant, a mutation found in non-Hispanic individuals of West African descent but understudied among the Hispanic/Latino (H/L) population, despite their admixed genetic ancestry (African ancestry [AA], European ancestry [EA], and Amerindian ancestry) and heterogeneous AA proportions within disaggregated backgrounds.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine Val122Ile variant prevalence among community-dwelling H/L adults and disaggregated background groups; to evaluate associations with genetic continental ancestry; and to characterize echocardiographic phenotype.

Methods: We analyzed cross-sectional data from 12,687 H/L adults (aged 18-74) in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos cohort (2008-2011), who consented to genome-wide studies and continental ancestry ascertainment.

Genetic ancestry influences gene-environment interactions with sociocultural factors: Results from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos.

Often, studies will aggregate all participants identified as Hispanic/Latino, despite genetic and environmental substructures, preventing the meaningful interrogation of the roles of genetics and environment in human health. Using the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL), we examined how self-identified background group and genetic ancestry influence gene-environment interactions between body mass index (BMI) and a polygenic score for BMI (PGS). Participants (n = 7,075) identified with six background groups: Central American, Cuban, Dominican, Mexican, Puerto Rican, and South American.

Associations of with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and related conditions: cross-sectional results from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos.

Background: Hispanic/Latino populations have been reported to have high rates of both metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and infection. Several observational studies, predominantly from Asian populations, have suggested a link between these conditions. Thus, the primary objective of the current study was to examine the association between and MASLD and secondarily, to assess its association with related conditions in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos.

Longitudinal associations of epigenetic aging with cognitive aging in Hispanic/Latino adults from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos.

Due to the paucity of longitudinal DNA methylation data (DNAm), especially among Hispanic/Latino adults, the association between changes in epigenetic clocks over time and cognitive aging phenotypes has not been investigated. This longitudinal study included 2671 Hispanic/Latino adults (57 years; 66% women) with blood DNAm data and neurocognitive function assessed at two visits approximately 7 years apart. We evaluated the associations of 5 epigenetic clocks and their between-visit change with multiple measures of cognitive aging that included a global cognitive function score at each visit, between-visit change in global cognitive function score, MCI diagnosis, and presence of significant cognitive decline at visit 2 (V2).

Association of Lp(a) With Stroke and Cerebral Injury on MRI: Insights From the HCHS/SOL (Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos) and Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging MRI (SOL-INCA MRI).

Background: Lp(a) (lipoprotein[a]) is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease; however, its association with cerebrovascular disease is not as well established.

Methods: Data from a population-based cohort of Hispanics/Latinos included 16 333 individuals with baseline Lp(a) levels (nmol/L) and self-reported prevalent stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA). A subset of 2642 individuals with brain magnetic resonance imaging was also included.

Association of Cardiovascular Health With Brain Volume and White Matter Integrity: Results of the SOL-INCA MRI Study.

Background And Objectives: Better cardiovascular health (CVH), measured using the Life's Simple 7 (LS7) score, is associated with improved cognitive function. However, its effect on brain imaging in Hispanics/Latinos has not been reported. We investigated the association of LS7 score with brain MRI outcomes in a diverse Hispanic/Latino population.

Psychological Factors and Prevalence of Diabetes and Prediabetes in a United States-Mexico Border Community.

Background: Domestic and international migrants along the United States-Mexico border are at increased risk for diabetes due to structural and psychosocial adversities.

Objectives: This study assessed the prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes in a low-income United States-Mexico border community; examined the relationships between depression, anxiety, andadverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and diabetes prevalence and glucose regulation; and explored indirect effects of social support on these relationships. Results.

Multimodal Associations of Modifiable Risk Factors on White Matter Injury: The SOL-INCA-MRI Study (HCHS/SOL).

Background: Modifiable risk factors play a central role in the development and course of neurodegenerative disorders of later life, including dementias. Although past research has focused on independent associations of modifiable risk factors, including cardiovascular disease risk factors using Framingham cardiovascular risk score, physical activity, dietary quality, body mass index, and sleep, on neurodegeneration, the impact of all 5 factors simultaneously in a multimodal model has not been studied. We examined independent associations and an overall combined model with 5 modifiable risk factors with white matter injury, a recognized risk factor for dementia, ≈10 years later in a diverse Hispanic/Latino population.

Life-course socioeconomic position and the gut microbiome in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL).

Socioeconomic position (SEP) in childhood and beyond may influence the gut microbiome, with implications for disease risk. Studies evaluating the relationship between life-course SEP and the gut microbiome are sparse, particularly among Hispanic/Latino individuals, who have a high prevalence of low SEP. We use the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL), a population-based cohort study conducted in four field centers in the United States (U.

Prospective association between depressive symptoms and incident hypertension: Results from the Hispanic community health study/study of Latinos.

Objective: Previous research on depressive symptoms with incident hypertension has yielded mixed results, and this relationship has not been studied in a diverse group of Hispanic/Latino adults.

Methods: We studied 5927 Hispanic/Latino adults aged 18-74 years from four U.S.

Do household ties matter for diabetes awareness and self-care behaviors? Insights from the Hispanic community health study/study of latinos.

Objective: Examine the association of household ties with diabetes awareness and self-care behaviors among Hispanic/Latinos.

Research Design And Methods: Data from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos were used (Visit 2; 2014-2017; n = 11,071). Household ties (none, extended, and close), sex, and loneliness were used in a cluster analysis to derive the household clusters.

Cancer Incidence in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL)-The Onco-SOL Ancillary Study.

Background: Few studies have examined how cancer incidence varies by the country of origin among US Hispanic/Latino adults. In this study, we describe the incidence rates (IR) of cancer overall and for screen-detectable, tobacco-related, and obesity-related cancers among 16,415 participants in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos, an ongoing population-based cohort study of Hispanic/Latino adults from diverse backgrounds.

Methods: Cohort participant records were linked to the state cancer registries in New York, Florida, California, and Illinois to ascertain cancer incidence from baseline (2008-2011) through 2021.

Persistent organic pollutants and endogenous sex-related hormones in Hispanic/Latino adults: The Hispanic Community health study/study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL).

Background: Previous studies have demonstrated associations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) with sex-related hormones; however, findings were inconsistent. Sex-specific impacts and pathways through which adiposity influences associations are not completely understood. We sought to evaluate sex-specific associations of POPs serum concentration with sex-related hormones and to explore pathways through which adiposity may modify associations.

Influence of Genetic Ancestry on Gene-Environment Interactions of Polygenic Risk and Sociocultural Factors: Results from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos.

Background: Many present analyses of Hispanic/Latino populations in epidemiologic research aggregate all members of this ethnic group, despite immense diversity in genetic backgrounds, environment, and culture between and across Hispanic/Latino background groups. Using the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL), we examined the role of self-identified background group and genetic ancestry proportions in gene-environment interactions influencing the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and a polygenic score for BMI (PGS).

Methods: Weighted univariate and multivariable generalized linear models were executed to compare the effects of environmental variables identified by McArdle et al.

Neighborhood environments and psychological distress 6-years later: results from the San Diego HCHS/SOL community and surrounding areas study.

Purpose: The current study examined associations of social and built features of neighborhood environments with psychological distress 6 years later and whether these associations were explained by stress and social factors, among Hispanic/Latino adults from the HCHS/SOL and SOL CASAS Ancillary Study.

Methods: In the SOL CASAS Ancillary Study, HCHS/SOL San Diego participants' baseline (2008-2011) home addresses were geocoded, neighborhoods were defined using 800 m radial buffers, and variables representing neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation, social disorder, walkability, and greenness were created. Psychological distress (anxiety and depression symptoms) and proposed pathway variables chronic stress, social support, and family cohesion were assessed at HCHS/SOL Visit 2 (2014-2017).

Hypertension Prevalence among Hispanics/Latinos of Dominican Background: A Transnational Comparison of HCHS/SOL and ENPREFAR-HAS-17.

Background: Hispanics/Latinos of Dominican background living in United States (US) have the highest hypertension prevalence compared with other Hispanic/Latino persons.

Objective: To understand cardiovascular health among Dominicans, we evaluated hypertension prevalence and risk factors among Dominicans from the US and Dominican Republic (DR) using data from Hispanic Community Health Study/ Study of Latinos [HCHS/SOL] and the Prevalencia de Hipertension Arterial y Factores de Riesgo Cardiovasculares en la República Dominicana al 2017 (ENPREFAR-HAS 17) study.

Methods: Hypertension was defined as blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg, self-reported hypertension, or antihypertensive use.

Concurrent validity of the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire to accelerometry in Hispanic/Latino adults: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL).

Objectives: The validity of the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire has not been thoroughly evaluated among Hispanics/Latinos. In this cross-sectional study, we assessed the concurrent validity and correlates of discordance of the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire by comparing it to accelerometry in estimating sedentary behavior, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, and meeting United States physical activity guidelines by sociodemographic, behavioral, and health characteristics.

Design: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos is a 4-site cohort study of United States adults aged 18-74 years enrolled from 2008 to 2011.

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Metabolic Syndrome, and Inflammation in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos.

Context: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a multifaceted endocrine disorder with reproductive and metabolic dysregulation. PCOS has been associated with inflammation and metabolic syndrome (MetS); however, the moderating effects of inflammation as measured by C-reactive protein (CRP) and menopause on the PCOS-MetS association have not been studied in Hispanic/Latinas with PCOS who have a higher metabolic burden.

Objective: We studied the cross-sectional association between PCOS and (1) MetS in 7316 females of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL), (2) subcomponents of MetS including impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and elevated triglycerides (TGL), and (3) effect modification by menopausal status and CRP.