Outcomes of Trabeculectomy With Mitomycin C in Patients of Hispanic vs European Descent.

Importance: Previous studies suggest that race or ethnicity may influence glaucoma surgical outcomes.

Objective: To compare outcomes of initial trabeculectomy with mitomycin C (MMC) in patients of Hispanic descent with those in patients of European descent and identify prognostic factors for failure.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This retrospective matched-cohort study was conducted at a single-tertiary academic center.

Short-Term Rates of Visual Field Change Predict Glaucoma Progression.

Purpose: To explore the prognostic significance of short-term rates of visual field (VF) mean deviation (MD) change in predicting progression across various levels of glaucoma severity.

Design: Observational cohort.

Participants: A total of 349 eyes from 254 patients followed up to 5 years.

PATHOGENESIS OF ECTOPIC INNER FOVEAL LAYERS AND ITS IMPACT ON VISUAL RECOVERY AFTER EPIRETINAL MEMBRANE PEELING.

Purpose: To determine the pathoanatomical alteration of ectopic inner foveal layers (EIFLs) and its relationship to visual recovery after epiretinal membrane peeling surgery.

Methods: Clinical charts and tracked spectral domain optical coherence tomography images of patients diagnosed with Stages 3 and 4 epiretinal membrane were reviewed and analyzed preoperatively and at 3 and 6 months postoperatively. Central macular thickness and EIFL thickness were measured at these time points.

Infectious keratitis following photorefractive keratectomy: a 13-year study at a tertiary center.

Introduction: Infectious keratitis is a rare but devastating complication following photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) that may lead to visual impairment. This study assessed the clinical features, treatment strategies, and outcomes of post-PRK infectious keratitis.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on patients with post-PRK infectious keratitis presenting to Khalili Hospital, Shiraz, Iran, from June 2011 to March 2024.

Cost-effectiveness Analysis of Digital Therapeutics for Amblyopia.

Purpose: To evaluate the cost-utility of Luminopia (Luminopia, Inc) and CureSight (NovaSight, Ltd) as therapy for amblyopia compared with current common amblyopic treatments such as glasses, atropine drops, and patching.

Design: Cost analysis based on data from published randomized control trials (RCTs).

Subjects: Data from Luminopia, CureSight, and atropine RCTs.

Association Between Alcohol Use and Primary Open Angle Glaucoma.

Prcis: In a diverse database ( All of Us ), we report significant dose-response associations between alcohol use frequency and glaucoma, with alcohol use of 4 or more drinks per week associated with significantly increased odds of glaucoma.

Purpose: Current evidence on the association between alcohol use and primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) is mixed. We utilize the diverse All of Us Research Program to further examine this relationship.

Number of macula optical coherence tomography scans needed to detect glaucoma progression.

Background: To evaluate the impact of testing frequency on the time required to detect statistically significant glaucoma progression for ganglion cell complex (GCC) with optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Materials And Methods: From multicentre glaucoma registries, 332 eyes of 201 glaucoma patients were enrolled over an average of 4.4 years.

Depression among keratoconus patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Keratoconus (KC) is a chronic corneal disease that typically presents in early adulthood, and may potentially result in poor mental health in affected individuals. The evidence regarding the association of depression with KC is controversial. Hence, we investigated the association between depression and KC via a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Clinical characteristics and visual outcomes of animal-induced ocular injuries: a prospective multicenter study in Iran.

Background: Animal-induced ocular injuries represent an under-documented health problem that may pose significant visual complications. This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of ocular injuries caused by animals.

Methods: This multicenter prospective study enrolled patients with a history of animal-induced ocular injuries presenting to the ophthalmology departments of two tertiary hospitals over a one-year period.

Relationship Between Retinal Oxygen Saturation and the Severity of Visual Field Damage in Glaucoma.

Prcis: Increased oxygen saturation (StO 2 ) was significantly associated with the severity of visual field (VF) damage in patients with glaucoma.

Objective: To investigate the association between retinal StO 2 percentage and the severity of VF loss in glaucoma.

Methods: A total of 198 eyes from 131 patients with glaucoma were included in this cross-sectional study.

Detection of glaucoma progression on longitudinal series of en-face macular optical coherence tomography angiography images with a deep learning model.

Background/aims: To design a deep learning (DL) model for the detection of glaucoma progression with a longitudinal series of macular optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) images.

Methods: 202 eyes of 134 patients with open-angle glaucoma with ≥4 OCTA visits were followed for an average of 3.5 years.

Rate of Initial Optic Nerve Head Capillary Density Loss and Risk of Visual Field Progression.

Importance: Rapid initial optic nerve head capillary density loss may be used to assess the risk of glaucoma visual field progression.

Objective: To investigate the association between the rate of initial optic nerve head capillary density loss from optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and visual field progression.

Design, Setting, Participants: This was a retrospective study of a longitudinal cohort at a glaucoma referral center.

Smoking Intensity is Associated With Progressive Optic Nerve Head Vessel Density Loss in Glaucoma.

Prcis: A lifetime history of greater smoking consumption was associated with faster vessel density loss over time. Smoking intensity should be considered when assessing the risk of glaucoma progression, as well as its management.

Purpose: To investigate the relationship of smoking and smoking intensity, with the rate of optic nerve head (ONH) whole image capillary density (wiCD) loss in primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and glaucoma suspect patients.

Association of Long-Term Intraocular Pressure Variability and Rate of Ganglion Complex Thinning in Patients With Glaucoma.

Purpose: To evaluate the association of mean intraocular pressure (IOP) and IOP variability (IOP fluctuation [SD of IOP] and the IOP range) with the rate of ganglion cell complex (GCC) layer thinning over time in patients with glaucoma.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Methods: Participants with at least 4 visits and 2 years of follow-up of optical coherence tomography tests were included.

Association of foveal avascular zone change and glaucoma progression.

Background/aims: To investigate the association between longitudinal changes of foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area and the rate of structural and functional progression in glaucoma.

Methods: A longitudinal cohort included 115 eyes (46 glaucoma suspect and 66 primary open-angle glaucoma) of 81 patients having ≥2 year follow-up, and ≥4 visits with optical coherence tomography angiography and visual field (VF). Eyes in the longitudinal cohort with a slope greater than that found in 95 percentile of separate healthy test-retest series for FAZ area were categorised into FAZ progressors; all other eyes were defined as FAZ non-progressors.

Time to Glaucoma Progression Detection by Optical Coherence Tomography in Individuals of African and European Descents.

Purpose: To examine the time to detectable retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT) progression by optical coherence tomography (OCT) among glaucoma patients of African descent (AD) and European descent (ED).

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Methods: AD and ED glaucoma eyes from the Diagnostic Innovations in Glaucoma Study (DIGS)/African Descent and Glaucoma Evaluation Study (ADAGES) with ≥2 years/4 visits of optic nerve head RNFLT measurements were included after homogenization on age, diagnosis, and baseline visual field (VF) measurement.

Impact of smoking on glaucoma.

Purpose Of Review: Assessing whether lifestyle related factors play a role in causing primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is of great value to clinicians, public health experts and policy makers. Smoking is a major global public health concern and contributes to ocular diseases such as cataracts, and age-related macular degeneration through ischemic and oxidative mechanisms. Recently, smoking has been investigated as a modifiable risk factor for glaucoma.

Detection and agreement of event-based OCT and OCTA analysis for glaucoma progression.

Objective: To examine event-based glaucoma progression using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA).

Methods: In this retrospective study, glaucoma eyes with ≥2-year and 4-visits of OCT/OCTA imaging were included. Peripapillary capillary density (CD) and retinal nerve fibre layer thickness (RNFL) were obtained from 4.

Prediction of Central Visual Field Measures From Macular OCT Volume Scans With Deep Learning.

Purpose: Predict central 10° global and local visual field (VF) measurements from macular optical coherence tomography (OCT) volume scans with deep learning (DL).

Methods: This study included 1121 OCT volume scans and 10-2 VFs from 289 eyes (257 patients). Macular scans were used to estimate 10-2 VF mean deviation (MD), threshold sensitivities (TS), and total deviation (TD) values at 68 locations.

Associations of smoking and alcohol consumption with the development of open angle glaucoma: a retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: To investigate the associations of alcohol consumption and smoking with the development of perimetric glaucoma in patients with suspected glaucoma.

Design: A retrospective cohort study of patients suspected to have glaucoma enrolled in the Diagnostic Innovations in Glaucoma Study (DIGS) and the African Descent and Glaucoma Evaluation Study (ADAGES).

Setting: Three tertiary glaucoma centres in the USA.

Racial Differences in the Diagnostic Accuracy of OCT Angiography Macular Vessel Density for Glaucoma.

Purpose: To evaluate and compare the diagnostic accuracy of macular vessel density (VD) measured by OCT angiography (OCTA) in individuals of African descent (AD) and European descent (ED) with open-angle glaucoma.

Design: Observational, cross sectional study.

Participants: A total of 176 eyes of 123 patients with glaucoma and 140 eyes of 88 healthy participants from the Diagnostic Innovations in Glaucoma Study.

Deep Learning Estimation of 10-2 Visual Field Map Based on Macular Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Measurements.

Purpose: To develop deep learning (DL) models estimating the central visual field (VF) from optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) vessel density (VD) measurements.

Design: Development and validation of a deep learning model.

Methods: A total of 1051 10-2 VF OCTA pairs from healthy, glaucoma suspects, and glaucoma eyes were included.

Prevalence and secular trends of four causes of blindness and visual impairment in Iran (1990-2019): a comparative study based on the Global Burden of Disease project's data.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of cataracts, refractive disorders, age-related macular disease (AMD), and glaucoma, as well as their trends from 1990 to 2019 in Iran, in comparison with high-middle socio-demographic index (HMSDI) countries and the world, using the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 study.

Methods: The GBD study provided data on the prevalence of blindness and visual impairment (VI), as well as four of their causes including cataracts, refractive disorders, age-related macular disease (AMD), and glaucoma. Using Joinpoint analysis, the annual percent change (APC) was calculated to assess the trend of change in prevalence in each category of diseases from 1990 to 2019, stratified by sex and age, for Iran, HMSDI countries, and the world.

Association of Rates of Ganglion Cell and Inner Plexiform Thinning With Development of Glaucoma in Eyes With Suspected Glaucoma.

Importance: In eyes with suspected glaucoma, it is clinically relevant to find diagnostic tests for the risk of development of perimetric glaucoma.

Objective: To investigate the association between rates of ganglion cell/inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) and circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (cpRNFL) thinning and the development of perimetric glaucoma in eyes with suspected glaucoma.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This observational cohort study used data collected in December 2021 from a tertiary center study and a multicenter study.

Evaluation of the long-term variability of macular OCT/OCTA and visual field parameters.

Background/aims: To assess the long-term variability of macular optical coherence tomography (OCT)/OCT angiography (OCTA) and visual field (VF) parameters.

Methods: Healthy and glaucoma eyes with ≥1-year follow-up were included. 24-2 VF and macular OCT/OCTA parameters, including VF mean deviation (MD), whole-image vessel density (wiVD) and ganglion cell complex thickness (wiGCC) were analysed.