Comparative analysis of humoral immunity kinetics following three COVID-19 vaccines in a multi-ethnic cohort of medical students and healthcare professionals across Malaysia.

The objective of our study was to evaluate the time-dependent humoral immunity kinetics among multi-ethnic population of medical students and healthcare professionals across Malaysia following two doses of Comirnaty, Vaxzevria, and CoronaVac vaccines. Prospective observational cohort research was carried out from September 2021-March 2023. 242 vaccine recipients have completed the follow-up.

Effects of 17β estradiol on blood pressure elevation in ovariectomized rats with collagen-induced arthritis via modulation of oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis, and apoptosis in the aorta involving TLR4/NOX4/NF-kβ and TGFβ1/fibronectin/α-SMA pathways.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) can cause blood pressure (BP) elevation in estrogen-deficient, post-menopausal women; however, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. In this study, the aortic involvement and its underlying mechanisms that contribute to the BP elevation in estrogen-deficient, RA condition were identified. Ovariectomy was performed to create a state of estrogen deficiency and RA was then induced in ovariectomized rats by using incomplete Freund's adjuvant and immune-mediated collagen type-II.

Estrogen hindrance escalates inflammation and neurodegeneration in the hippocampal regions of collagen-induced arthritis female Sprague-Dawley rats.

This study aims to investigate the effect of estrogen hindrance, i.e., menopause in women for instance with rheumatoid arthritis on the brain hippocampal region by using collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) female rat model (RA).

Phytochemical profile and antimicrobial activity of extracts against oral microorganisms.

Introduction: The growing problem of antimicrobial resistance on a global scale has highlighted the need to investigate alternative antimicrobial agents with reduced side effects. Plant-derived secondary metabolites have emerged as potential contenders in tackling this challenge. , a perennial plant, has traditionally been utilized for the treatment of gum boils, toothaches, and infections.

Environmental impact and human health effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and remedial strategies: A detailed review.

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) profoundly impact public and environmental health. Gaining a comprehensive understanding of their intricate functions, exposure pathways, and potential health implications is imperative to implement remedial strategies and legislation effectively. This review seeks to explore PAH mobility, direct exposure pathways, and cutting-edge bioremediation technologies essential for combating the pervasive contamination of environments by PAHs, thereby expanding our foundational knowledge.

Chlorophytum borivilianum aqueous root extract prevents deterioration of testicular function in mice and preserves human sperm function in hydrogen peroxide (HO)-induced oxidative stress.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Chlorophytum borivilianum (C. borivilianum) (CB) has traditionally been used to treat male sexual dysfunctions and has been claimed to possess aphrodisiac properties.

Aim Of The Study: To investigate the ability of CB to ameliorate HO-induced oxidative stress in testes and sperm in mice and prevent HO-induced oxidative in human sperm.

Cervical fluid pH, electrolytes and osmolarity changes and expression of ion transporters (ENaC, CFTR and AQP) in cervix of women with primary unexplained infertility.

Background: Unexplained infertility could arise from a defect in the cervix. However, the contribution of abnormal cervical fluid microenvironment to this problem still needs to be identified. Therefore, this study identifies the changes in the cervical fluid microenvironment, i.

Marantodes pumilum (Kacip Fatimah) Aqueous Extract Enhances Osteoblast and Suppresses Osteoclast Activities in Cancellous Bone of a Rat Model of Postmenopause.

Evidence pointed towards the benefits of Marantodes pumilum in treating osteoporosis after menopause; however, the detailed mechanisms still have not been explored. Therefore, this study aims to identify the molecular mechanisms underlying M. pumilum's bone-protective effect via the involvement of RANK/RANKL/OPG and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways.

Oral administration of Turnera diffusa willd. ex Schult. extract ameliorates steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis impairment in the testes of rats with type-2 diabetes mellitus.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Turnera diffusa Willd. ex Schult. (T.

(Blume) Miq Alleviates Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease via Antioxidant Activities in C57BL/6 Obese Mice and Palmitic-Oleic Acid-Induced Steatosis in HepG2 Cells.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent form of liver disease. (Blume) Miq, a traditional plant in South Asia, has previously been shown to attenuate obesity and hyperglycaemic conditions. Eight weeks of feeding C57BL/6 mice with the standardized extract (400 mg/kg) inhibited the progression of NAFLD.

Abietic acid ameliorates nephropathy progression via mitigating renal oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis and apoptosis in high fat diet and low dose streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Background: Abietic acid (AA) has been reported to exhibit anti-inflammatory activity, however its protective effect against inflammation and its trigger factor i.e., oxidative stress and the related sequelae i.

Mechanisms Linking Vitamin D Deficiency to Impaired Metabolism: An Overview.

Vitamin D deficiency is a common health problem worldwide. Despite its known skeletal effects, studies have begun to explore its extra-skeletal effects, that is, in preventing metabolic diseases such as obesity, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus. The mechanisms by which vitamin D deficiency led to these unfavorable metabolic consequences have been explored.

Bitter Gourd Honey Ameliorates Hepatic and Renal Diabetic Complications on Type 2 Diabetes Rat Models by Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Anti-Apoptotic Mechanisms.

Unlabelled: Honey has several pharmacological effects, including anti-diabetic activity. However, the effectiveness of bitter gourd honey (BGH) in the treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM) is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties of BGH on the kidney and liver of a streptozotocin-induced diabetes rat model.

Gallocatechin‑silver nanoparticle impregnated cotton gauze patches enhance wound healing in diabetic rats by suppressing oxidative stress and inflammation via modulating the Nrf2/HO-1 and TLR4/NF-κB pathways.

This study is designed to investigate the combination of gallocatechin (GC) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) for its wound healing ability in diabetic rats. Thirty male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: 1. Normal control rats dressed with blank CGP1; 2.

Cathinone: An alkaloid of (Khat) exacerbated hyperglycemia in diabetes-induced rats.

Cathinone, the main bioactive alkaloid of (khat), slightly increased the blood sugar levels of healthy animals, while its effect on blood sugar levels of diabetic animals has not yet been reported. This study investigated the inhibition of cathinone on α-amylase and α-glucosidase as well as its glycemic effects in diabetes-induced rats. Rats were fed on a high fat diet for five weeks, which then intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin (30 mg/kg).

Marantodes pumilum Var Alata (Kacip Fatimah) ameliorates derangement in RANK/RANKL/OPG pathway and reduces inflammation and oxidative stress in the bone of estrogen-deficient female rats with type-2 diabetes.

Background: M. pumilum has been claimed to protect the bone against the adverse effect of estrogen deficiency. Additionally, it also exhibits anti-diabetic activity.

Marantodes pumilum (blume) Kuntze (Kacip Fatimah) leaves aqueous extract prevents downregulation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway and upregulation of apoptosis in osteoblasts of estrogen-deficient, diabetes-induced rats.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Marantodes pumilum (Blume) Kuntze has been claimed to be beneficial in protecting the bone against loss in post-menopausal women. In view of increased incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) in post-menopausal period, M. pumilum ability to overcome the detrimental effect of estrogen-deficiency and DM on the bones were identified.

Myristic acid defends against testicular oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis: Restoration of spermatogenesis, steroidogenesis in diabetic rats.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) may lead to testicular-related infertility while Myristic acid (MA) is beneficial to lower hyperglycaemia. Thus, we hypothesized that MA could protect testes against hyperglycaemia-induced damage in DM. DM was induced in adult male rats by high-fat diet consumption for 12 weeks, accompanied by a single dose streptozotocin injection.

Effect of Hydrolyzed Bird's Nest on β-Cell Function and Insulin Signaling in Type 2 Diabetic Mice.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by both resistance to the action of insulin and defects in insulin secretion. Bird's nest, which is derived from the saliva of swiftlets are well known to possess multiple health benefits dating back to Imperial China. However, it's effect on diabetes mellitus and influence on the actions of insulin action remains to be investigated.

Changes in fluid composition and expression of ion channels in rat cervix during different phases of the estrus cycle.

We investigated changes in the composition of cervical fluid at different phases of the female rat reproductive cycle. Fluid was collected from the cervix of rats by direct cervical flushing and analyzed for changes in Na and Cl content and osmolarity. Following sacrifice, the cervix was harvested and expressions of mRNA and protein for ENaCs, CFTR and AQPs were measured using qPCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively.

Exposure to High-Fat Style Diet Induced Renal and Liver Structural Changes, Lipid Accumulation and Inflammation in Intact and Ovariectomized Female Rats.

Purpose: We hypothesized that low estrogen levels aggravate obesity-related complications. Diet-induced obesity can cause distinct pathologies, including impaired glucose tolerance, inflammation, and organ injury that leads to fatty liver and chronic kidney diseases. To test this hypothesis, ovariectomized (OVX) rats were fed a high-fat style diet (HFSD), and we examined structural changes and inflammatory response in the kidney and liver.