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Purpose: This review aims to provide updated information regarding the role of thyroid and leptin hormones and their crosstalk in affecting the male reproductive function in hypothyroid and obesity conditions.
Method: A wide literature search was made using online search engines on published articles using keywords including thyroid hormone, hypothyroidism, leptin hormone, hyperleptinemia, obesity, the relationship between thyroid and leptin hormones and male reproduction, and hypothyroidism, obesity, and male reproduction.
Results: All information pertaining thyroid and leptin hormone effects on male reproduction, hypothyroidism, hyperleptinemia, and obesity effect on male fertility as well as the related molecular mechanisms are obtained.
Conclusion: Thyroid and leptin hormones individually play a significant role in male reproduction. Alterations of these hormones' levels could adversely affect the male reproductive functions. PI3K/AKT signaling was found to be the major signaling pathway involved in mediating the effect of both hormones on male reproduction. Impaired crosstalk between the two hormones may occur in hypothyroidism with obesity which would contribute towards male reproductive dysfunction.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12020-024-04069-8 | DOI Listing |
Environ Int
August 2025
Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
Prenatal chemical exposure has frequently been associated with fetal growth, although the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to explore the potential mediating role of hormones in the association between prenatal chemical mixture exposure and birth weight. We used data of 432 newborns from two Flemish birth cohorts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCaspian J Intern Med
June 2025
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Clinical Research Development Center of Children's Hospital, Hormozgan University of Medical Science, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
Background: Hypothyroidism and leptin deficiency are two common endocrinopathies in β-thalassemia major patients (β-TM). Changes in leptin levels may lead to changes in thyroid hormone levels in thalassemia patients through suppression of the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis. Hence, we aimed to evaluate their correlation in β-TM patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEndocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets
July 2025
Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China.
Introduction: An increase in the intraorbital adipose tissue is the main pathological feature of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO). IGF-1R activates PI3K/AKT signaling and accelerates adipogenesis. Pingmu decoction has been demonstrated to promote orbital adipocyte apoptosis; however, less is reported regarding the action mechanism of Danshenol A (DA), a single active ingredient of (Danshen).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnimals (Basel)
July 2025
Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell'Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy.
This study evaluated the effects of dietary supplementation with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids from extruded linseed, alone and combined with algae extract, on growth performance and metabolic status in fattening rabbits. Sixty New Zealand White rabbits were assigned to three groups, as follows: control (CNT), L (5% linseed), and LPP (3.5% linseed + 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCancer Med
July 2025
Department of General Surgery (Thyroid Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
Aim: To investigate the mechanistic aspects of inflammation and oxidative stress and their association with thyroid cancer risk.
Methods: We have systematically searched the PubMed and Web of Science databases to perform a comprehensive analysis of the pathogenic mechanisms that link obesity, inflammation, and oxidative stress to thyroid cancer.
Results: Chronic inflammation, a well-known risk factor for cancer progression, is a hallmark characteristic of obesity.