Detectable prostate-specific antigen after radiotherapy for clinically localized prostate cancer.

Background: This study assesses the incidence and timing of undetectable prostate-specific antigen (PSA) after radiotherapy (RT) ± androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and its association with prostate cancer mortality.

Methods: This is a population-based study including 5299 men undergoing RT (2006-2020) in the Stockholm County, Sweden with all their PSA tests until death or emigration. The authors calculated incidence and timing of undetectable PSA (PSA ≤0.

Shaping the Future of Personalized Therapy in Bladder Cancer Using Artificial Intelligence.

Bladder cancer (BC) ranks among the tenth most common cancers globally, and its management remains a significant challenge for both patients and clinicians in terms of care delivery and decision-making process. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) tools-primarily machine learning and deep learning methods-into the current BC workflow offers an opportunity for a more personalized approach to treatment. This article provides a brief overview of AI applications across different steps of BC management (ie, detection, grading, staging, risk stratification, treatment, and outcome prediction), highlighting its potential to contribute to individualized management strategies.

Emerging biomarkers in bladder cancer: Translating molecular advances into precision oncology.

Bladder cancer (BC) is a heterogeneous malignancy of the urinary tract with significant clinical challenges in diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. The rise of precision medicine offers new hope for more personalized management, driven by biomarker discovery and molecular profiling. This review explores the landscape of emerging biomarkers in BC, discussing in detail diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive implications in the present and further scenarios for improving clinical management of BC patients.

Pelvic lymph-node dissections in bladder and prostate cancer surgery and the risk of postoperative venous thromboembolism.

Introduction: To evaluate the risk of venous thromboembolic events in patients operated with radical cystectomy or radical prostatectomy and pelvic lymph-node dissection.

Material And Methods: Patients operated with radical cystectomy for bladder cancer or with radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer from 1997 through 2016 were identified from Swedish nationwide registers. We estimated odds ratios of association between lymph-node dissection and pulmonary embolism and deep venous thrombosis (DVT) using logistic regression adjusted for the probability of having lymph-node dissection.

Should we redefine the Phoenix criteria for biochemical recurrence after primary radiotherapy?

Purpose Of Review: The Phoenix criteria, which define biochemical recurrence (BCR) after radiotherapy as a prostate specific antigen (PSA) rise of at least 2 ng/ml above nadir, were developed to improve consistency in outcome reporting and distinguish genuine cancer recurrence from transient, noncancerous PSA fluctuations, commonly referred to as PSA "bounces". However, in the current era of advanced imaging and precision oncology, this definition is increasingly viewed as inadequate. This review critically examines recent evidence challenging the clinical utility of the Phoenix definition and explores potential alternatives that better reflect disease biology and patient outcomes.

Androgen Receptor Signalling in Prostate Cancer: Mechanisms of Resistance to Endocrine Therapies.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a major global health concern. It ranks as the fifth leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. While localized PCa is often indolent, with a nearly 100% five-year survival rate, prognosis worsens significantly in metastatic disease, where survival drops to approximately 30%.

Epidemiology of High-risk Biochemical Recurrence After Primary Prostate Cancer Treatment.

Background And Objective: Biochemical recurrence (BCR) risk stratification guides treatment decisions after primary prostate cancer (PCa) treatment. We evaluated high-risk BCR (HR-BCR) definitions after radical prostatectomy (RP) or radiotherapy (RT) and their association with PCa-specific mortality (PCSM).

Methods: A population-based cohort study including 17 753 men treated with RP (n = 12 010) or RT (n = 5743) for localized PCa in Stockholm County between 2003 and 2021 was conducted.

Tailored use of PSA density according to multiparametric MRI index lesion location: results of a large, multi-institutional series.

Background: The use of prostate-specific antigen density (PSAd) in combination with multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) of the prostate can improve accuracy of the prostate cancer (PCa) diagnostic pathway. However, it is not clear whether the performance characteristics of PSAd vary according to the index lesion location (ILL) on mpMRI.

Methods: Overall, 2140 patients with positive mpMRI (prostate imaging reporting and data system [PI-RADS] ≥ 3) underwent mpMRI-targeted biopsy (TBx) plus systematic biopsy (SBx) at three tertiary referral centers.

The Role of Robot-Assisted, Imaging-Guided Surgery in Prostate Cancer Patients.

Emerging imaging-guided technologies, such as prostate-specific membrane antigen radioguided surgery (PSMA-RGS) and augmented reality (AR), could enhance the precision and efficacy of robot-assisted prostate cancer (PCa) surgical approaches, maximizing the surgeons' ability to remove all cancer sites and thus patients' outcomes. Sentinel node biopsy (SNB) represents an imaging-guided technique that could enhance nodal staging accuracy by leveraging lymphatic mapping with tracers. PSMA-RGS uses radiolabeled tracers with the aim to improve intraoperative lymph node metastases (LNMs) detection.

The added value of artificial intelligence using Quantib Prostate for the detection of prostate cancer at multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging.

Purpose: Artificial intelligence (AI) has been proposed to assist radiologists in reporting multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) of the prostate. We evaluate the diagnostic performance of radiologists with different levels of experience when reporting mpMRI with the support of available AI-based software (Quantib Prostate).

Material And Methods: This is a single-center study (NCT06298305) involving 110 patients.

The Role of Salvage Cystectomy After Prior Trimodality Therapy: A Multinational Match-paired Analysis.

Background And Objective: Trimodality therapy (TMT) with transurethral resection followed by radiation of the urinary bladder and chemotherapy is associated with similar long-term survival rates to radical cystectomy (RC) for well-selected patients. Nevertheless, salvage RC may become necessary in 10% of patients receiving TMT. We aimed to assess the perioperative and long-term outcomes of salvage RC after prior TMT through a large multinational cohort study.

Growth Charts for Children With Beckwith-Wiedemann Spectrum.

Beckwith-Wiedemann spectrum (BWSp) is an overgrowth disorder caused by (epi)genetic alterations in chromosome 11p15. This study aimed to develop BWSp-specific growth charts and explore genotype/phenotype correlations with respect to growth. Heights, weights, and head circumferences were retrospectively collected from 581 individuals with BWSp from the Netherlands, Italy, and the United States.

The impact of histopathological evaluation at transurethral resection of bladder tumour on survival in radical cystectomy candidates.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of discordant histological diagnoses between transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT) and radical cystectomy (RC) on cancer-specific mortality (CSM) in patients with bladder cancer (BCa).

Patients And Methods: We relied on a multi-institutional database collecting data of patients with BCa who underwent TURBT and subsequent RC from nine centres between 2000 and 2023. We tested concordance rates between TURBT and RC in detecting urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder (UCUB) as well as non-UCUB hystological subtypes, using RC as the reference standard.

From Anatase TiO Nano-Cuboids to Nano-Bipyramids: Influence of Particle Shape on the TiO Photocatalytic Degradation of Emerging Contaminants in Contrasted Water Matrices.

Water pollution, resulting from industrial effluents, agricultural runoff, and pharmaceutical residues, poses serious threats to ecosystems and human health, highlighting the need for innovative approaches to effective remediation, particularly for non-biodegradable emerging pollutants. This research work explores the influence of shape-controlled nanocrystalline titanium dioxide (TiO NC), synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method, on the photodegradation efficiency of three different classes of emerging environmental pollutants: phenol, pesticides (methomyl), and drugs (sodium diclofenac). Experiments were conducted to assess the influence of the water matrix on treatment efficiency by using ultrapure water and stormwater (basic) collected from an urban drainage system as matrices.

Immunotherapy-based neoadjuvant treatment and complication rates after radical cystectomy.

Objective: To assess 30- and 90-day postoperative complication rates in patients who underwent robot-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) after receiving novel immunotherapy-based neoadjuvant treatment.

Methods: A bi-centre analysis was conducted in patients who underwent RARC with intracorporeal urinary diversion and who received an immunotherapy-based neoadjuvant regimen between 2017 and 2023. Complications were classified using the Clavien-Dindo system.

Discriminating Analysis of Metal Ions via Multivariate Curve Resolution-Alternating Least Squares Applied to Silver Nanoparticle Sensor.

Heavy metals are life-threatening pollutions because of their great toxicity, long-term persistence in nature and their bioaccumulation in living organisms. In this work, we performed multivariate curve resolution-alternating least squares analysis of UV-Vis raw spectra received by a colorimetric sensor constructed on mercaptoundecanoic acid functionalized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs@11MUA) to detect Cd, Cu, Mn, Ni, and Zn in water. This combined approach allowed the rapid identification and quantification of multiple heavy metals and showed adequate sensitivity and selectivity, thus representing a promising analytical and computational method for both laboratory and field applications such as environmental safety and public health monitoring.

Identifying optimal candidates for active surveillance in low-grade intermediate-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.

Objective: The intermediate-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (IR-NMIBC) prognostic group is heterogeneous. Growing evidence supports the role of active surveillance (AS) for patients with low-risk NMIBC, however, no clear data exists considering IR-NMIBC. The aim of the study was to assess the risk of recurrence of patients eligible for AS based on the International Bladder Cancer Group (IBCG) stratification.

Perioperative outcomes, environmental impact and economic implications of pelvic drain discontinuation in prostate cancer patients undergoing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy.

Purpose: The utility of a pelvic drain (PD) after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) has been recently questioned. We investigated the impact of discontinuing PD placement after RARP on complications, pain, environmental benefits, and cost savings.

Methods: We identified 1,199 patients who underwent RARP with or without extended pelvic lymph node dissection from 2016 to 2023 at a referral center.

Role of gastric ultrasound in pediatric Menetrier's disease: Report of two cases.

Menetrier's disease (MD) is a protein-losing gastropathy characterized by acute generalized edema due to hypoalbuminemia. MD is rare in childhood, and it is commonly associated with cytomegalovirus infection. We reported two children, who presented with a history of generalized edema after some days of abdominal pain and diarrhea.

Development and validation of a novel comorbidity score specific for prostate cancer patients treated with robotic platform and its implication on DaVinci single-port system.

To develop and validate a novel Comorbidity score for Robotic Surgery (CRS) in predicting severe complications after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). Furthermore, we investigated the impact of the surgical platform (Multi-Port - MP vs Single-Port - SP) according to this score. We included 2085 ("development cohort") and 595 ("validation cohort") patients undergoing RARP at two tertiary referral centers between 2014 and March 2024 in a retrospective study.

Development of a one-pot synthesis of rGO in water by optimizing Tour's method parameters.

Since its first synthesis in 2004, graphene has been widely studied and several different synthesis methods has been developed. Solvent exfoliation of graphite and the reduction of graphene oxide previously obtained through graphite oxidation are the most employed. In this work, we exploited synthesis conditions of a method usually employed for obtaining graphene oxide (the Tour's method) for directly obtaining a very poorly oxidised material with characteristics like reduced graphene oxide.

Learning Curve for Single-port Robot-assisted Urological Surgery: Single-center Experience and Implications for Adoption.

Background And Objective: Understanding the learning curve for the da Vinci single-port (SP) surgical robot is crucial for adoption, training, and enhancement of surgical safety and efficiency. Our aim was to assess the impact of both overall experience (O-EXP) and procedure-specific experience (PS-EXP) on perioperative outcomes across various SP surgeries.

Methods: We analyzed data for 387 consecutive SP surgeries conducted by a high-volume surgeon from December 2018 to July 2023.

The Impact of Second Opinion Expert Pathology Review in Patient Management at the Time of Transurethral Resection of the Bladder.

Background And Objective: Pathological features in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer specimens are pivotal in determining correct patients' therapeutic management. Sparse data exist regarding the importance of second opinion performed by an expert uropathologist. This study aimed to assess the importance of a second opinion by an expert uropathologist in the management of bladder cancer.