Optimization of Medium Composition for High Cell Density Culture of Bifidobacterium longum HSBL001 Using Response Surface Methodology.

Bifidobacterium longum plays a critical role in the human gut and exhibits diverse probiotic functions. Achieving high-density fermentation of B. longum largely depends on the composition of the culture medium and fermentation conditions.

Genome-wide analysis of AP2/ERF transcription Factors in reveals their impact on orchid diversity.

is a significant traditional Chinese horticultural crop, valued both economically and ornamentally. The APETALA2/ethylene response factor (AP2/ERF) transcription factors play crucial roles in regulating growth, development, cell differentiation, and responses to both biotic and abiotic stresses in plants. However, the regulatory functions of AP2/ERF factors in remain poorly understood.

A Fragment Insertion of Results in a White Flower Phenotype in (Orchidaceae).

Bamboo orchid (), a fast-growing evergreen terrestrial orchid with year-round flowering capacity, exhibits limited germplasm resources for white floral variants despite its ornamental significance. This study investigates the molecular basis of natural white flower formation through comparative analysis of purple- and white-flowered variants across bud, post-bud, and blooming stages. Histological examination revealed anthocyanin accumulation restricted to two to three upper epidermal cell layers in purple petals, while white petals showed complete pigment absence.

Genome-wide identification and functional characterization of LBD gene family in four Cymbidium species (Orchidaceae) and potential regulatory role of CsiLBD27 in floral development of Cymbidium sinense.

Background: The Lateral Organ Boundaries Domain (LBD) gene family, encompassing plant-specific LOB domain proteins, plays essential roles in various aspects of plant growth and development, and has continuously diversified its functions across numerous species. However, studies on LBD genes in the Orchidaceae family remain limited. To our knowledge, this is the first systematic investigation of the LBD gene family in Cymbidium, a genus that exhibits remarkable species and trait diversity within the Orchidaceae.

Genome-Wide Characterization, Comparative Analysis, and Expression Profiling of Genes Family in Four Species (Orchidaceae).

The SWEET (Sugar Will Eventually be Exported Transporters) protein family plays a key role in plant growth, adaptation, and stress responses by facilitating soluble sugar transport. However, their functions in remain poorly understood. This study identified 59 genes across four species, encoding conserved MtN3/saliva domains.

Centenary Progress on Orchidaceae Research: A Bibliometric Analysis.

Background: Research on orchids has experienced substantial growth since the early 20th century, reflecting their ecological and evolutionary significance.

Methods: This paper provides a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of orchid-related literature published between 1902 and 2024, based on data retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection™ (WoS).

Results: The primary goal is to assess the global research landscape of orchids by identifying key authors, institutions, and journals, as well as major research themes in the field.

Phosphorylation of 399S at CsHsp70 of Cymbidium sinense is essential to maintain chlorophyll stability.

The Chinese orchids symbolise nobility and gentility in China, and the variation of leaf color makes Cymbidium sinense more diversified and valuable. However, its color variations especially at the protein level still remain largely unexplored. In this study, the proteomics and phosphoproteomics of Cymbidium sinense leaf color variation mutants were studied.

Integrated proteomic, transcriptomic, and metabolomic profiling reveals that the gibberellin-abscisic acid hub runs flower development in the Chinese orchid .

The seasonal flowering Chinese produce an axillary floral meristem and require a dormancy period during cold conditions for flower development. However, the bud activation mechanism remains elusive. This study evaluates the multi-omics across six stages of flower development, along with functional analysis of core genes to decipher the innate mechanism of floral bud initiation and outgrowth in the Chinese orchid .

Genome-Wide Identification, Expression, and Molecular Characterization of the Gene Family in Seven Orchid Species.

The orchid is one of the most distinctive and highly valued flowering plants. Nevertheless, the () gene family plays significant roles in the control of flowering, and its functions in Orchidaceae have been minimally explored. This research identified 68 potential genes within seven orchids' complete genome, divided into three groups (groups I, II, and III) via a phylogenetic tree.

Genome-wide association analysis identified molecular markers and candidate genes for flower traits in Chinese orchid ().

The orchid, the champagne of flowers, brings luxury, elegance, and novelty to nature. is a symbol of gigantic floral variability on account of wavering shapes and sizes of floral organs, although marker-trait association (MTA) has not been studied for its floral traits. We evaluated markers associated with 14 floral traits of through a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 195 accessions.

Functional conservation and divergence of -like genes in floral development in .

is one of the most important traditional Chinese Orchids due to its unique and highly ornamental floral organs. Although the ABCDE model for flower development is well-established in model plant species, the precise roles of these genes in are not yet fully understood. In this study, four -like genes were isolated and identified from .

The Integrated mRNA and miRNA Approach Reveals Potential Regulators of Flowering Time in .

Orchids are among the most precious flowers in the world. Regulation of flowering time is one of the most important targets to enhance their ornamental value. The beauty of is its year-round flowering, although the molecular mechanism of this flowering ability remains masked.

Genome-wide identification of WRKY gene family and the importance of its Group III members in response to abiotic stress.

Transcription factors (TFs) of the WRKY family play pivotal roles in defense responses and secondary metabolism of plants. Although WRKY TFs are well documented in numerous plant species, no study has performed a genome-wide investigation of the WRKY gene family in . In the present work, we found 64 WRKY (CsWRKY) TFs, and they were further divided into eight subgroups.

The Transcriptome Profiling of Flavonoids and Bibenzyls Reveals Medicinal Importance of Rare Orchid .

Orchids are very important flowering plants that spend long juvenile phases before flowering. Along with aesthetic importance, they are rich sources of medicinal components. However, their long reproductive cycle is the major hurdle to study the medicinal efficacy.

Exogenous GA promotes flowering in (Orchidaceae) through bolting and lateral flower development regulation.

orchids have a high ornamental value, and their flower abundance and timing are both key horticultural traits regulated by phytohormones. All one-flowered have additional lateral buds in the apical bract that fail to develop. In this study, an exogenous gibberellin (GA) application promoted flowering of by inducing its early bolting instead of the floral transition of dominant flowers.

Organ-Specific Gene Expression Reveals the Role of the 396 Module in Flower Development of the Orchid Plant .

Orchids are some of the most popular ornamental plants worldwide. Orchid floral morphology has increasingly attracted horticultural and commercial attention. Although multiple genes have been shown to be involved in the formation of the orchid flower, the underlying multi-level regulatory networks are largely unknown.

Genetic insights into the regulatory pathways for continuous flowering in a unique orchid Arundina graminifolia.

Background: Manipulation of flowering time and frequency of blooming is key to enhancing the ornamental value of orchids. Arundina graminifolia is a unique orchid that flowers year round, although the molecular basis of this flowering pattern remains poorly understood.

Results: We compared the A.

The Cymbidium genome reveals the evolution of unique morphological traits.

The marvelously diverse Orchidaceae constitutes the largest family of angiosperms. The genus Cymbidium in Orchidaceae is well known for its unique vegetation, floral morphology, and flower scent traits. Here, a chromosome-scale assembly of the genome of Cymbidium ensifolium (Jianlan) is presented.

Stage Specificity, the Dynamic Regulators and the Unique Orchid .

Orchids take years to reach flowering, but the unique bamboo orchid () achieves reproductive maturity in six months and then keeps on year round flowering. Therefore, studying different aspects of its growth, development and flowering is key to boost breeding programs for orchids. This study uses transcriptome tools to discuss genetic regulation in five stages of flower development and four tissue types.

The genome of Cymbidium sinense revealed the evolution of orchid traits.

The Orchidaceae is of economic and ecological importance and constitutes ˜10% of all seed plant species. Here, we report a genome physical map for Cymbidium sinense, a well-known species belonging to genus Cymbidium that has thousands of natural variation varieties of flower organs, flower and leaf colours and also referred as the King of Fragrance, which make it arose into a unique cultural symbol in China. The high-quality chromosome-scale genome assembly was 3.