Prevalence of malnutrition and associated factors in Chinese children and adolescents aged 3-14 years using machine learning algorithms.

Background: Child malnutrition represents a critical global public health issue and it is characterised by high prevalence and severe long-term consequences for growth and development. A better understanding of its contributory factors is essential to inform the design of targeted prevention strategies and evidence-based interventions. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of malnutrition in children and adolescents aged 3-14 years, and further to identify promising factors associated with child malnutrition using machine learning algorithms.

Visceral adiposity index, premature mortality, and life expectancy in US adults.

Importance: Visceral adiposity index (VAI) vividly reflects body fat distribution through comprehensively integrating body mass index, sex, waist circumference, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. While VAI is an established predictor of various clinical outcomes, its relationship with premature mortality and life expectancy remains unclear.

Objective: To explore the association between VAI and premature mortality or life expectancy in a nationally representative cohort of US adults.

Clustering unhealthy lifestyle factors in Chinese children and adolescents with overweight or obesity.

Background: This study used latent class analysis (LCA) to examine the potential patterns of unhealthy lifestyle factors (ULFs) and their association with overweight and obesity in children and adolescents with overweight or obesity in China.

Methods: We conducted three cross-sectional surveys, recruiting 7,927 children with obesity or overweight from September 2019 to January 2022. We used LCA to identify patterns of co-occurrence of ULFs based on seven types of behaviors.

Factors associated with underweight, overweight, and obesity in Chinese children aged 3-14 years using ensemble learning algorithms.

Background: Factors underlying the development of childhood underweight, overweight, and obesity are not fully understood. Traditional models have drawbacks in handling large-scale, high-dimensional, and nonlinear data. In this study, we aimed to identify factors responsible for underweight, overweight, and obesity using machine learning methods among Chinese children.

Composite dietary antioxidant index, chronic respiratory disease, and all-cause mortality: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2003-2018.

Purpose: Diet rich in antioxidant may protect against chronic respiratory disease (CRD), but few studies have evaluated the association between composite dietary antioxidant index (CDAI) and CRD. The study aimed to examine the association of CDAI with the risk of CRD and all-cause mortality in CRD patients from the US.

Methods: Data were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2003-2018.

Bariatric surgeries and cardiac structure and function: Systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: Obesity, a global health problem, is causally implicated in the development of cardiovascular disease. Bariatric surgeries are effective treatment options for obesity; however, the effectiveness of different bariatric surgeries on cardiac structure and function is not fully understood. We undertook a systematic review and network meta-analysis to comprehensively assess this effectiveness.

Perfluoroalkyl substances and metabolic syndrome: A cross-sectional study using data from the US national health and nutrition examination survey.

Background: Epidemiological studies linking metabolic syndrome (MetS) and exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are limited, and the observations gleaned thus far are inconclusive. The study was performed to explore the association of serum PFASs both singly and in a mixed manner with MetS, and meanwhile to examine whether this association was mediated by serum albumin in a US national population.

Methods: Total 8108 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2007-2018 were included.

Body Roundness Index and All-Cause Mortality Among US Adults.

Importance: Obesity, especially visceral obesity, is an established risk factor associated with all-cause mortality. However, the inadequacy of conventional anthropometric measures in assessing fat distribution necessitates a more comprehensive indicator, body roundness index (BRI), to decipher its population-based characteristics and potential association with mortality risk.

Objective: To evaluate the temporal trends of BRI among US noninstitutionalized civilian residents and explore its association with all-cause mortality.