Development of a prediction tool for kidney function decline in children with chronic kidney disease.

Background: A paucity of literature exists on the development of predictive tools for the decline of kidney function in pediatric chronic kidney disease (CKD). The objective of this study is to develop and internally validate a tool for the short-term prediction of a kidney function decline in pediatric patients with CKD.

Methods: A total of 539 patients participating in the KNOW-PedCKD (KoreaN cohort study for Outcomes in patients With Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease) were evaluated for 48 variables related to sociodemographic characteristics, laboratory data, and treatment use.

Distinct Roles Between Eotaxin 1 and Eotaxin 2 in Asthmatic Airways.

Background: Eotaxins (EOTs), primarily expressed in airway epithelial cells (AECs), act as chemoattractants for eosinophils in asthma pathogenesis. Recent studies have suggested that EOTs have additional functions beyond chemotaxis. However, the distinct roles of EOTs remain incompletely understood.

Therapeutic Efficacy of YH35324 on FcεRIα-Mediated Mast Cell/Basophil Activation.

Purpose: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) induces mast cell/basophil activation by binding with FcεRIα and contributes to the development of allergic disease, in which targeting IgE has been considered an effective therapeutic strategy. YH35324 (YH) is a new hybrid protein with an extracellular domain consisting of FcεRIα, and its pharmacodynamic effect and safety were validated. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of YH as an anti-IgE immunomodulator compared with omalizumab (Oma).

Distinct Clinical Profiles of IgE and IgG Autoantibodies to Thyroid Peroxidase in Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria.

Purpose: In chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU), autoimmune thyroid disease is the most common autoimmune comorbidity, and many CSU patients have immunoglobulin (Ig)E or IgG autoantibodies to thyroid peroxidase (TPO). It remains unclear how anti-TPO IgE and IgG autoantibodies are linked to each other and are associated with CSU features, activity, and therapeutic responses.

Methods: CSU patients (n = 146, 92 females, mean age 42.

Frequency and characteristics of seizures precipitated by febrile urinary tract infections in neonates and infants.

Background: A febrile urinary tract infection (UTI) is a minor febrile seizure (FS) determinant. Seizures precipitated by febrile UTIs in neonates and infants frequently surprise parents, as they are vulnerable to bacterial meningitis and younger than the usual ages of FS. However, their frequency and characteristics are relatively unknown.

Baseline characteristics and associated factors for hypertension in children with chronic kidney disease: results from the Korean Cohort Study for Outcome in Patients with Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease study.

Background: Hypertension is one of the most important complications of chronic kidney disease (CKD) as it exacerbates disease progression in children. The aim of this study is to identify characteristics and factors associated with hypertension in children with CKD.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study using baseline data from the 10-year ongoing cohort study named KNOW-PedCKD (Korean Cohort Study for Outcome in Patients with Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease).

Serum Galectin-10: A biomarker for persistent airflow limitation in adult asthmatics.

Background: Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are primary anti-inflammatory medications to control eosinophilic airway inflammation, and prevent asthma exacerbation. However, persistent airflow limitation (PAL) presents in some asthmatics even on ICS treatment, leading to lung function decline. Thus, we evaluated clinical associations of serum galectin-10 (Gal10) and galectin-3 (Gal3) levels in adult asthmatics who had maintained anti-asthma medication.

Association between specific IgE to staphylococcal enterotoxin B and the eosinophilic phenotype of asthma.

Background/aims: Sensitization to staphylococcal superantigens (SAgs) could contribute to asthma severity. However, its relevance with eosinophilic phenotype has not yet been clarified. This study aimed to investigate associations between serum specific IgE levels to SAg and eosinophilic airway inflammation in adult asthmatics.

8-Iso-prostaglandin F2α as a biomarker of type 2 low airway inflammation and remodeling in adult asthma.

Background: Although 8-iso-prostaglandin F2a has been proposed as a potential biomarker for oxidative stress in airway diseases, its specific role in asthma remains poorly understood.

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic potential of 8-iso-prostaglandin F2a in assessing airway inflammation, airway remodeling, airway hyperresponsiveness, and oxidative stress in asthma.

Methods: Blood and urine concentrations of 8-iso-prostaglandin F2a were quantified using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in 128 adults with asthma who had maintained antiasthma medications.

Longitudinal progression trajectory of estimated glomerular filtration rate in children with chronic kidney disease: results from the KNOW-Ped CKD (KoreaN cohort study for Outcomes in patients With Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease).

Background: The natural course of chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression in children varies according to their underlying conditions. This study aims to identify different patterns of subsequent decline in kidney function and investigate factors associated with different patterns of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) trajectories.

Methods: We analyzed data from the KNOW-Ped CKD (KoreaN cohort study for Outcomes in patients With Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease), which is a longitudinal, prospective cohort study.

Diagnostic biomarkers for chronic rhinosinusitis in adult asthmatics in real-world practice.

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common comorbid condition of asthma that affects the long-term outcome of asthmatic patients. CRS is a heterogeneous disease requiring multiple biomarkers to explain its pathogenesis. This study aimed to develop potential biomarkers for predicting CRS in adult asthmatic patients in a real-world clinical setting.

Comparison between transient and permanent congenital hypothyroidism on a thyroid function test after re-evaluation.

Purpose: Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is diagnosed with neonatal screening and is treated early in the neonatal period. Among these patients, transient CH (TCH) is included and requires re-evaluation. The purpose of this study was to find the best way to discontinue levothyroxine and to find trends in thyroid function tests (TFTs) after re-evaluation.

Anti-heat shock protein 10 IgG in chronic spontaneous urticaria: Relation with miRNA-101-5p and platelet-activating factor.

Background: Anti-heat shock protein (HSP) autoantibodies are detected in autoimmune diseases. We sought to ascertain whether anti-HSP10 IgG is present in patients with CSU and to elucidate the role of HSP10 in CSU pathogenesis.

Method: Using a human proteome microarray, six potential autoantibodies had higher expression in 10 CSU samples compared with 10 normal controls (NCs).

Association between serum total cholesterol and chronic kidney disease progression in children: results from the KNOW-PedCKD.

Background: Dyslipidemia can cause cardiovascular disease and increase the fatality rate among children with chronic kidney disease (CKD); this makes early screening and treatment of dyslipidemia crucial. This study aimed to assess the association between the changes in serum total cholesterol levels over time and the degree of CKD progression in children.

Methods: From April 2011 to August 2021, 379 of the 432 participants enrolled in the KoreaN cohort study for Outcomes in patients With Pediatric CKD (KNOW-PedCKD) were included and divided into 4 categories based on total cholesterol levels (< 170 mg/dL, acceptable; 170-199, borderline; 200-239, high; and ≥ 240, very high).

Corrigendum: Long-term outcome of Bartter syndrome in 54 patients: a multicenter study in Korea.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.

Biomarkers for predicting type 2-high and uncontrolled asthma in real-world practice.

Background: Blood eosinophil count (BEC), immunoglobulin (Ig) E, and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) are key clinical indicators for identifying type 2 (T2) asthma.

Objective: To provide optimal cutoff points of T2 markers for assessing T2-high or uncontrolled asthma in real-world practice.

Methods: Various clinical and laboratory parameters were analyzed according to the result of T2 markers (BEC, serum-free IgE, and FeNO) in adults with asthma who had maintained antiasthmatic medications.

Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 Enhances Eosinophilic Airway Inflammation in Severe Asthma.

Purpose: Severe asthma (SA) is characterized by persistent airway inflammation and remodeling, followed by lung function decline. The present study aimed to evaluate the role of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in the pathogenesis of SA.

Methods: We enrolled 250 adult asthmatics (54 with SA and 196 with non-SA) and 140 healthy controls (HCs).

The effects of socioeconomic status on major adverse cardiovascular events: a nationwide population-based cohort study.

Background: Although multiple factors influence the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), the effects of socioeconomic status on MACE in the presence and absence of renal dysfunction (RD) have not been comprehensively explored in Korea.

Methods: We examined the effects of socioeconomic status on MACE in individuals with and without RD. The data of 44,473 Koreans from 2008 to 2017 were obtained from the Health Care Big Data Platform of the Ministry of Health and Welfare in Korea.

Role of club cell 16-kDa secretory protein in asthmatic airways.

Background: Club cell 16-kDa secretory protein (CC16) is a pneumoprotein and functions as an anti-inflammatory or antioxidant protein. However, altered levels of serum CC16 as well as their effect on airways inflammation have not been fully evaluated.

Methods: We recruited 63 adult asthmatics on maintenance medications and 61 healthy controls (HCs).

Long-term outcome of Bartter syndrome in 54 patients: A multicenter study in Korea.

Introduction: Bartter syndrome (BS) is a rare salt-wasting tubulopathy caused by mutations in genes encoding sodium, potassium, or chloride transporters of the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle and/or the distal convoluted tubule of the kidney. BS is characterized by polyuria, failure to thrive, hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis, hyperreninemia, and hyperaldosteronism. Potassium and/or sodium supplements, potassium-sparing diuretics, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can be used to treat BS.

Association of eosinophil-derived neurotoxin levels with asthma control status in patients with aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease.

Background: The long-term goals of asthma treatment are to achieve well control of symptoms and to minimize the future risk of asthma exacerbation. Identifying biomarkers for uncontrolled asthma is important for improving the asthma outcome. This study aimed to investigate the association of the levels of eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN) with asthma control status in specific asthma phenotype, aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD), and aspirin-tolerant asthma (ATA).