Balancing Environmental Sustainability and Nutrition: Dietary Climate Impact in Relation to Micronutrient Intake and Status in a Swedish Cohort.

Background: Dietary shift is necessary for improving public health, mitigating climate change, and achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. Adaption of climate-friendly diets might prevent chronic diseases and reduce mortality; however, consuming diets with a low climate impact have been suggested to increase risk of some micronutrient deficiencies.

Objectives: This study aimed to examine whether self-reported dietary intake varying in climate impact is associated with nutritional risks and benefits based on both dietary intakes and blood concentrations of micronutrients.

Adherence to the EAT-Lancet reference diet and risk of type 2 diabetes, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, and their co-occurrence.

: The EAT-Lancet Commission proposed a healthy dietary pattern to prevent diet-related diseases while promoting planetary sustainability, but little is known regarding its associations with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), both of which are highly prevalent and frequently co-exist. We aimed to assess association of this diet with risk of T2D, MASLD, and their co-occurrence. : This study included 170 811 UK Biobank participants (prospective design) and 212 Chinese biopsy-proven MASLD patients (cross-sectional design).

Mini-review of the EAT-Lancet planetary health diet and its role in cardiometabolic disease prevention.

Human diets play a crucial role in both human health and environmental sustainability. In 2019, the EAT-Lancet Commission on healthy diets from sustainable food systems introduced the EAT-Lancet planetary health diet, a universal reference diet designed to promote human health while minimizing environmental degradation. It is a predominantly plant-based dietary pattern, rich in whole grains, vegetables, fruits, legumes, and nuts, while low in red meat and added sugars.

Quantified intakes of key diet components and the risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis: Results from a nested case-control study.

Objectives: This nested case-control study aimed to investigate the relationship between components of the Swedish food-based dietary guidelines (SDG) from 2015 and the risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods: Data were obtained from the prospective Malmö Diet and Cancer Study (MDCS) conducted 1991-1996. Diet was assessed at baseline using a validated diet history method.

Adding salt to foods and risk of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and other chronic liver diseases.

Purpose: Adding salt to foods, a novel indicator for studying habitual sodium intake, has been positively associated with multiple diseases and mortality. However, little is known about its association with liver-related disorders. This study aimed to investigate the associations of adding salt to foods with risks of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Low-fibre diet is associated with high-risk coronary plaque features.

Aims: Diet is a determinant of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) with coronary disease as predominant cause of pre-mature death. To analyse how diet was associated with coronary atherosclerosis, including plaque features.

Methods And Results: The cross-sectional population-based study using data from the Swedish CArdioPulmonary BioImage Study (SCAPIS) included 24 079 adults aged 50-64 years, recruited in 2013 to 2018 who were free of clinical cardiovascular disease.

Dairy intake, plasma metabolome, and risk of type 2 diabetes in a population-based cohort.

Background: Whether dairy intake is related to type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains unclear, as does potential metabolic mechanisms for this association.

Objectives: We aimed to examine the association between high dairy intake and risk of T2D and identify plasma metabolites reflecting dairy intake.

Methods: This prospective cohort study included 26,461 Swedish individuals recruited between 1991 and 1996 and followed up until 31 December, 2020, with available data on dairy intake at baseline and linked registers.

Associations between the EAT-Lancet planetary health diet and incident dementia.

Background: The impact of the environmentally sustainable EAT-Lancet diet on dementia risk remains poorly understood. The aim was to investigate associations between the EAT-Lancet diet and incident dementia.

Methods: Associations of the EAT-Lancet diet with all-cause dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and vascular dementia (VaD) were investigated among 25,898 participants from the Malmö Diet and Cancer study, Sweden.

Greenhouse gas emissions in relation to micronutrient intake and implications of energy intake: a comparative analysis of different modeling approaches.

Background: Human diets account for 30% of greenhouse gas emissions (GHGE). Reporting dietary GHGE with or without energy standardization yields different outcomes, often resulting in conflicting conclusions regarding associations with micronutrient intake.

Objectives: This study aims to compare methods of reporting dietary GHGE, with and without consideration of energy intake, and their respective associations with micronutrient intake.

Sweets and other sugary foods - a scoping review for Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023.

Background: Sweets, chocolate, and sweet bakery products are generally high in energy and added sugar, whereas the levels of essential nutrients and fibre are low. According to sales statistics, the consumption of sweets and chocolate is high in the Nordic and Baltic countries.

Objective: This scoping review describes the totality of evidence for the role of sweets and other sugary foods for health-related outcomes as a basis for setting and updating food-based dietary guidelines in the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023 (NNR2023) project.

Milk and dairy products - a scoping review for Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023.

Milk and dairy products are major sources of protein, calcium, and other micronutrients. Milk and dairy products contribute with approximately half of the total intake of saturated fat in the Nordic and Baltic diets. Saturated fat is an important determinant of plasma total and low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol concentrations, and a causal relationship between high LDL-cholesterol and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease has consistently been documented.

Added sugar intake and its associations with incidence of seven different cardiovascular diseases in 69,705 Swedish men and women.

Introduction: The adverse health effects of sugar-sweetened beverage intake are well-established, but the implications of overall added sugar intake remain unclear. We investigated the associations between intake of added sugar and various sugar-sweetened foods and beverages and risk of 7 cardiovascular diseases in 69,705 participants aged 45-83 years (47.2% female) from the Swedish Mammography cohort and Cohort of Swedish men.

Association Between the EAT-Lancet Reference Diet and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Mini-Review.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a prevalent pregnancy complication that seriously endangers maternal and infant health, posing a medical and economic burden worldwide. Several dietary patterns have been recommended for women of childbearing age, demonstrating a positive role in preventing and managing GDM. However, these dietary patterns may not fully take environmental factors into account when addressing global food sustainability and planetary health.

Nutritional quality of diet characterized by the Nutri-Score profiling system and cardiovascular disease risk: a prospective study in 7 European countries.

Background: Nutri-Score is a scientifically validated 5-color front-of-pack nutrition label reflecting the nutrient profile of foods. It has been implemented in several European countries on a voluntary basis, pending the revision of the European labeling regulation. Hence, scientific evidence is needed regarding the ability of the nutrient profile underlying the Nutri-Score (uNS-NPS, 2023-updated version) to characterize healthier foods.

Ultra-processed food consumption, plasma metabolite profile, and risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a population-based cohort.

Background & Aims: Epidemiological evidence on ultra-processed food (UPF) and cause-specific mortality remains limited and mixed. Molecular mechanisms underlying UPF intake and mortality remain unexplored. This study aimed to evaluate the associations between UPF consumption, metabolic signatures, and all-cause, premature, and cause-specific mortality.

Adulthood weight changes, body mass index in youth, genetic susceptibility and risk of atrial fibrillation: a population-based cohort study.

Background: Epidemiological evidence on weight change and atrial fibrillation (AF) remains limited and inconsistent. Previous studies on body mass index (BMI) in youth and AF rarely considered subsequent BMI. This study aimed to assess the associations of AF with weight change and BMI in youth, as well as modified effect by genetic susceptibility of AF.

Associations of the EAT-Lancet reference diet with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and its severity: A multicohort study.

Background And Aims: The EAT-Lancet Commission devised a globally sustainable dietary pattern to jointly promote human health and sustainability. However, the extent to which this diet supports metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has not yet been assessed. This study aimed to investigate the association between the EAT-Lancet diet and the risk of MASLD and its severity.

Are we using more sugar substitutes? Wastewater analysis reveals differences and rising trends in artificial sweetener usage in Swedish urban catchments.

The market for artificial sweeteners as substitutes for conventional sugar (sucrose) is growing, despite potential health risks associated with their intake. Estimating population usage of artificial sweeteners is therefore crucial, and wastewater analysis can serve as a complement to existing methods. This study evaluated spatial and temporal usage of artificial sweeteners in five Swedish communities based on wastewater analysis.

The EAT-Lancet Diet Index, Plasma Proteins, and Risk of Heart Failure in a Population-Based Cohort.

Background: The landmark EAT-Lancet Commission proposed that a planetary health diet is comprised mainly of plant-based foods. However, studies examining whether this diet is associated with heart failure (HF) are currently lacking. In addition, the potential proteomics mechanism on the association between diet and HF warrants further elucidation.

Beverages - a scoping review for Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023.

Coffee, tea, sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), and low- and no-calorie sweetened beverages (LNCSBs) are generally frequently consumed in the Nordic and Baltic countries. These beverages have also been related to potential health effects. This scoping review describes the evidence for the role of coffee, tea, SSBs, and LNCSBs for health-related outcomes as a basis for setting and updating food-based dietary guidelines.