Surface-Engineering of Pancreatic Islets with Chitosan Microparticles to Inhibit IBMIR in Islet Xenotransplantation.

Intraportal islet transplantation is an effective beta-cell replacement therapy for restoring insulin production in patients with type 1 diabetes. However, transplanted islets are rapidly lost due to a strong immediate inflammatory reaction, termed as instant blood-mediated inflammatory reaction (IBMIR). Current preventive therapies for IBMIR face systemic side effects such as bleeding risks.

Enhancing hair regrowth using rapamycin-primed mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes.

Hair loss affects millions globally, with limited effective treatments available and significant psychological impacts. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and MSC-derived exosomes hold therapeutic potential by modulating cellular communication, reducing inflammation, and supporting hair follicular regeneration. Rapamycin, a mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor, enhances MSC therapeutic potential by promoting the release of growth factors and signaling molecules.

Assessment of Stem Cell Viability through Visual Analysis Coupled with Teachable Machine.

Cell viability is an indispensable aspect of cells in the field of drug discovery, cell biology, and biomedical research to assess the physiological conditions of cells such as healthiness, functionality, survivability, etc. Recently, there have been several methods for determining the cell viability through either cell staining with trypan blue and acridine orange, propidium iodide, calcein-AM, etc., or colorimetric assays such as cell counting kit-8 assay.

Comparative evaluation of efficacy of two Class II correctors in treatment of skeletal Class II malocclusion: A multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Background: This article aims to compare clinical efficacy of newly introduced PowerScope 2 appliance with Forsus FRD in the treatment of Skeletal Class II malocclusion.

Methods: This randomized controlled trial studied 40 patients at two centers (20 patients at each center, divided into two groups of 10 patients each as Forsus FRD and PowerScope 2 appliance. The skeletal, dental, soft tissue, and airway changes were noted at T0 (pretreatment), T1 (preappliance therapy), and T2 (postappliance therapy).

Endogenous stem cell mobilization and localized immunosuppression synergistically ameliorate DSS-induced Colitis in mice.

Background: Stem cell therapy is a promising alternative for inflammatory diseases and tissue injury treatment. Exogenous delivery of mesenchymal stem cells is associated with instant blood-mediated inflammatory reactions, mechanical stress during administration, and replicative senescence or change in phenotype during long-term culture in vitro. In this study, we aimed to mobilize endogenous hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) using AMD-3100 and provide local immune suppression using FK506, an immunosuppressive drug, for the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases.

New Inhibitors of Laccase and Tyrosinase by Examination of Cross-Inhibition between Copper-Containing Enzymes.

Coppers play crucial roles in the maintenance homeostasis in living species. Approximately 20 enzyme families of eukaryotes and prokaryotes are known to utilize copper atoms for catalytic activities. However, small-molecule inhibitors directly targeting catalytic centers are rare, except for those that act against tyrosinase and dopamine-β-hydroxylase (DBH).

Study on the Synthesis of ZnO Nanoparticles Using Extracts for the Fabrication of a Gas Sensor.

This paper compared the effects of plant proteins over chemical methods in the morphology of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) prepared by a co-precipitation method, and ethanol sensing performance of prepared thin films deposited over a fluorene-doped tin oxide (FTO) bind glass substrate using spray pyrolysis technique. The average crystallite sizes and diameters of the grain-sized cluster ZnO NPs were 25 and (701.79 ± 176.

Comparison of the newer proposed diagnostic score with the World Heart Federation criteria for echocardiographic detection of rheumatic heart disease.

Introduction: Echocardiography has been found to be a much better screening tool compared to clinical examination for the detection of rheumatic heart disease (RHD) in asymptomatic school children living in the RHD endemic areas. Recently, World Heart Federation (WHF) published echocardiographic criteria for the diagnosis of RHD. The present study was done to compare the performance of the newer proposed, quantitative diagnostic score against the qualitative WHF criteria in a field survey of asymptomatic school children belonging to the district having high prevalence of RHD.

Comparative evaluation of torque prescription of commercially available 018Roth and 022MBT PEA brands in maxillary anterior teeth.

Background: Torque is an important component of preadjusted edgewise prescriptions to achieve ideal/optimum tooth position and more so in aesthetics sensitive maxillary anterior teeth. Thus, the need to audit available commercial brands of 018Roth and 022MBT was felt and in vitro analysis of eight brands namely 3M Unitek, Dentaurum, d-tech, IMD Medical, Libral Leone, Modern Orthodontics, Ormco and Ortho Organizer, was carried out.

Methods: The method involved perfect superimposition of two standardized images: one delineating facial axis of the tooth with stainless steel straight wire and other with full dimension arch wire engagement in bracket.

Himalayan honey loaded iron oxide nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization and study of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities.

Himalayan honey, a natural product of wild honey bees found in the Himalayan mountains of Nepal, has been used in medicine for many years. The successful development of nanotechnology and beneficial effects of honey would bring a new opportunity to synthesize hybrid nanomaterials for biomedical applications. Thus, the purpose of this study was to load Himalayan honey onto iron oxide nanoparticles (IO-NPs) and study their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities.

Neonatal sepsis due to glycopeptide resistant from colonized maternal gut- rare case evidence.

Background: Vancomycin-resistant enterococcal infections in the neonatal ICU are growing global problems. We report a case of neonatal septicemia by multidrug-resistant vancomycin-resistant (VRE), the source of infection being the mother's gut.

Case Presentation: A newborn male child admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) was diagnosed to have mild meconium aspiration syndrome, early onset neonatal septicemia, and bacteremia by multidrug and vancomycin-resistant .

Comparative evaluation of soft tissue changes one year post-treatment in Twin Block and FORSUS FRD treated patients.

Background: The objective of this study was to compare and evaluate the effects of two functional treatment modalities, namely, Twin Block (TB) and FORSUS fatigue resistant device (FORSUS FRD) on facial soft tissues before and at one-year post-treatment.

Methods: This was a retrospective cephalometric study involving 10 patients with skeletal class II abnormalities in each group. The mean age of patients was 12.

Prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: population based study.

Background And Aim: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common cause of chronic liver disease and liver transplantation in western countries. Increasing incidence of NAFLD has been well documented from Asian countries like Japan and China. Diabetes mellitus (DM), obesity, hyperinsulinemia are predisposing factors for NAFLD.

Overview of cases and prevalence of jaundice in neonatal intensive care unit.

This study was undertaken to know the pattern of jaundice prevalent among the babies admitted at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of the B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences (BPKIHS).