Cardiovascular disease in Sickle cell: mechanisms, diagnostics and therapeutic advances.

Cardiovascular complications are increasingly recognised as a major driver of morbidity and early mortality in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD), yet they remain underdiagnosed and underappreciated. This contemporary review synthesises current knowledge across a spectrum of cardiovascular manifestations-including myocardial dysfunction, pulmonary hypertension, cardiac iron overload, arrhythmias, myocardial infarction, stroke and sudden death-with emphasis on their unique pathophysiological mechanisms in SCD. We highlight emerging diagnostic tools such as cardiac magnetic resonance with T2* mapping and extracellular volume sequences, speckle-tracking echocardiography and invasive exercise testing, which can revealing a distinct phenotype combining restrictive cardiomyopathy and high-output heart failure.

A New Analytical LC-MS/MS Method for Determination of Eight Standard Nitrosamines (NDMA, NMBA, NDEA, NEIPA, NDIPA, NMPA, NDPA, NDBA) in a Commercial Small Molecule Drug Product Capsules and its Active Pharmaeceutical Ingredient for Treatment of Fabry: A Rare Disease.

Purpose: This study aims to develop and validate a highly sensitive LC-MS/MS method for quantifying eight nitrosamine (NA) impurities NDMA, NMBA, NDEA, NEIPA, NDIPA, NMPA, NDPA, and NDBA in a small molecule commercial Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (API) and Drug Product (DP) capsules used for the treatment of Fabry rare disease in global patients.

Methods: The method utilized gradient separation on a C18 column, ensuring optimum resolution between NAs and internal standards. Elution was monitored at precursor and product ions.

Sativex (nabiximols) for the treatment of Agitation & Aggression in Alzheimer's dementia in UK nursing homes: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled feasibility trial.

Background: Alzheimer's Disease (ad) patients often experience clinically significant agitation, leading to distress, increased healthcare costs and earlier institutionalisation. Current treatments have limited efficacy and significant side effects. Cannabinoid-based therapies, such as the nabiximols oral spray (Sativex®; 1:1 delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol), offer potential alternatives.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Ultrasonography in Evaluation of Adenoid Hypertrophy.

Background: Adenoid hypertrophy is common in children and can cause several symptoms including nasal obstruction, mouth breathing and obstructive sleep apnoea. The popular method used in present era is X-ray nasopharynx which is the primary investigation used in evaluation of adenoid hypertrophy. It has the risk of exposure to radiation and the head posture may not be correct due to insufficient coordination of children.

Outcomes of Cardiac Tamponade Post-Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: Results From a Tertiary Cardiac Center.

Background: Cardiac tamponade is a rare but potentially lethal complication of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). There is paucity of evidence assessing the incidence and outcomes of patients with cardiac tamponade after TAVR.

Methods: A retrospective review was performed of all patients who underwent TAVR at our institution from January 2013 to January 2019.

Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude, and Skills About "Breast Self-Examination" Among Students of Medical and Non-medical Streams.

Breast cancer (BC) is a treatable disease, and chances of survival are higher if it is detected in time. The survival rates of BC in India are low because the detection takes place late. Awareness about BC can result in early presentation.

Regional variation in technetium pyrophosphate (PYP) uptake in transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis (ATTR-CA) and concomitant myocardial infarction: A case series.

- Diffuse and patchy myocardial uptake of Tc-99m PYP is well established in cases of ATTR-CA. - Chronic myocardial infarction leads to regional myocardial thinning and lack of vascular supply can present as regional sparing 'cold spot' on Tc-99m PYP imaging. - The absence of Tc-99m PYP uptake in vascular regions should raise the possibility of underlying scar.

Carbonic anhydrase-mimicking metal-organic frameworks built from amino acid and cadmium ions.

Built from L-histidine amino acid ligand and cadmium ions, two new 3D chiral metal-organic frameworks, [α-Cd(HIS)] (1) and [β-Cd(HIS)] (2), which contain metal-histidine bonds mimicking the structure features of carbonic anhydrase, demonstrate interesting properties of catalyzing the hydrolysis of -nitrophenylacetate (-NPA) to -nitrophenol (-NP).

A Look Forward and a Look Back: The Growing Role of ERAS Protocols in Orthopedic Surgery.

The success of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols in improving patient outcomes and reducing costs in general surgery are widely recognized. ERAS guidelines have now been developed in orthopedics with the following recommendations. Preoperatively, patients should be medically optimized with a focus on smoking cessation, education, and anxiety reduction.

Phytochemical and pharmacological characteristics of phalsa ( L.): A comprehensive review.

Phalsa is a tropical and subtropical fruit that is high in nutritional value and is primarily cultivated for its fruit. As, Phalsa fruit contain high number of vitamins (A and C), minerals (calcium, phosphorus, and iron), and fibre while being low in calories and fat. The fruit and seed of Phalsa contain 18 amino acids, the majority of which are aspartic acid, glutamic acid, and leucine.

Mortality associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome, 2009-2019: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) occurs commonly in intensive care units. The reported mortality rates in studies evaluating ARDS are highly variable. To investigate mortality rates due to ARDS from before the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic began until the start of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Endocarditis after Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement.

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) use is gaining momentum as the mainstay for the treatment of aortic stenosis compared to surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR). Unfortunately, TAVR-related infective endocarditis (TAVR-IE) is expected to be detected more and more as a result of the ever-expanding indications in younger patients. Given the overall poor prognosis of TAVR-IE, it is imperative that clinicians familiarize themselves with common presentations, major risk factors, diagnostic pitfalls, therapeutic approaches, and the prevention of TAVR-IE.

Pain management for liver transplant recipients.

Purpose Of Review: Liver transplant recipients pose several pain management challenges. Altered hepatic drug metabolism and clearance in end-stage liver disease patients complicates the use of certain medications, while existing coagulopathy and thrombocytopenia can limit the use of regional anesthetic techniques. Largely due to a high prevalence of substance use disorders, these patients have increased vulnerability to opioid misuse in the perioperative period, which can make acute postoperative pain difficult to control and potentiates prolonged and painful recovery, increasing the risk of developing chronic postsurgical pain.

Unmet needs and future directions in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a highly treatable monogenetic disorder affecting nearly 0.2% of the population. The high burden of this disease demands suitable measures for early diagnosis and preventing as well as tackling misdiagnosis.

Modern tools in cardiac imaging to assess myocardial inflammation and infection.

Myocardial forms of infection and inflammation are highly heterogeneous in clinical course and presentation but associated with diagnostic and treatment uncertainty, high morbidity, mortality, and financial burden. Historically, these pathologies were diagnosed invasively with biopsy, surgical pathology, or explanted hearts. However, in the current era, the diagnosis has been aided by a variety of non-invasive imaging tools in the appropriate clinical presentation.

Valsartan Protects in High Fat Diet During Ischemic Reperfusion Injury.

Aim: The study investigates the effect of Valsartan, an Angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker (ARB), on the blunted neuroprotective response of ischemic post-conditioning (iPoCo) in rats subjected to High Fat Diet (HFD).

Background: The neuroprotective response of iPoCo is blunted in conditions of vascular endothelial dysfunction (ED) associated with hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, hypertension, Objectives: The study was undertaken to investigate the effect of Valsartan, an ARB, on the blunted neuroprotective response of iPoCo in rats subjected to HFD.

Methods: Wistar rats were subjected to HFD for 56 days.

Mitral Annular Calcification Related Infective Endocarditis: A Contemporary Systematic Review.

Mitral annular calcification (MAC) is a chronic degenerative process often found incidentally on imaging. MAC is associated with elevated risk of atherosclerosis and stroke. The association between MAC and the risk of infective endocarditis (IE) is less well known.