Sketch-based animation teaching in veterinary anatomy via virtual mode during COVID-19 versus physical mode: a comparative analysis.

Purpose: The present study was designed to analyse the effect of newly adopted sketch-based animated teaching of veterinary anatomy on students regarding its perceived usefulness and impact on retention of the subject knowledge.

Materials And Methods: The study population consisted of undergraduate veterinary students (BVSc and AH) in the physical classroom ( = 81), postgraduate students ( = 17), and veterinary students in the virtual classroom during COVID-19 ( = 80) who evaluated the PowerPoint presentations with sketches and animations via questionnaire. The data collected from the results of the questionnaires were analysed.

Seasonal modulation of progesterone receptor, PCNA, and enzyme activity in buffalo uterus: implications for endometrial growth during oestrous.

Buffalo reproduction is influenced by seasonal variations. This study examined the key parameters affecting the uterine endometrial histoarchitecture during the follicular and luteal phases of the oestrous cycle across summer and winter. The expression of progesterone receptor (PR) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), essential indicators for endometrial cell proliferation and differentiation, was examined.

Exploring the Nexus of Steroidal Hormone Receptor, Uterine VEGF Expression and NADPH-d Interaction in Buffalo Uterus During Oestrous Cycle With Seasonal Variation.

The reproductive efficiency in buffalo is highly influenced by seasonal variability. Angiogenesis in the reproductive cycle is important for optimal physiological functioning of uterus. Estrogen receptor-α (ERα), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphatase diaphorase (NADPH-d) are vital indicators for the uterine angiogenic process.

Gross morphology and morphometry of native and decellularized heart valves of caprine: A comparative study.

The gross morphological examination of native caprine heart valves revealed distinctive structural characteristics of the caprine's cardiac anatomy. Four primary orifices were identified, each protected by thin, valve-like structures. Atrioventricular orifices featured tricuspid and bicuspid valves, while the aorta and pulmonary arteries were guarded by semilunar valves.

Nanofibrous composite from chitosan-casein polyelectrolyte complex for rapid hemostasis in rat models in vivo.

Bleeding causes ∼5.8 million deaths globally; half of the patients die if rapid hemostasis is not achieved. Here, we report a chitosan-casein (CC)-based nanofibrous polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) that could clot blood within 10 s in the rat femoral artery model in vivo.

Analysis of OCT4 and PGP9.5 gene expression in prenatal and postnatal buffalo () testes.

This study aimed to investigate and characterize the spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) in buffaloes at different stages of development, including prenatal, neonatal, prepubertal, and adult testes. We sought a comprehensive understanding of these cells through a combination of histological, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural analyses. Specifically, we examined changes in the expression of two potential SSC markers, OCT4 and PGP9.

Immunoexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor and vWF-regulating angiogenesis in cyclic corpus luteum of Indian buffalo.

The present study was conducted to localize the immunoexpression of VEGF-A (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor) and von Willebrand factor (vWF) in corpora lutea of healthy buffaloes (24) collected from local slaughterhouses. CL collected were categorized into early (stage I, 1-5 days, n = 6), mid (stage II, 6-11 days, n = 6), late luteal phase (stage III, 12 to 16 days, n = 6) and regressing phase (stage IV, 17 to 20 days, n = 6). The percent positive immunostaining for VEGF-A was significantly (p < 0.

Surface modification of chitosan with Ni(II) Schiff base complex: A new heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of xanthones.

A new biocomposite of chitosan, chitosan-supported di(pyridine-2-yl)methanone-Ni(II) complex, CS-DPM-Ni, is synthesized for the first time. The biocomposite is thoroughly characterized by FTIR, PXRD, XPS, FESEM, EDX, TGA, ICP-OES, and elemental analysis. The synthesized composite is successfully used as a heterogeneous catalyst in the synthesis of a library of xanthone derivatives by the intermolecular catalytical coupling of 2-substituted benzaldehydes and phenols.

Visible-Light-Mediated Regioselective C3-H Selenylation of Pyrazolo[1,5-]pyrimidines Using Erythrosine B as Photocatalyst.

A visible-light-induced efficient methodology has been developed for the C-H selenylation of pyrazolo[1,5-]pyrimidine derivatives employing erythrosine B as the photocatalyst. This is the first report on the regioselective selenylation of pyrazolo[1,5-]pyrimidines. The efficiency of this methodology for the selenylation of different electron-rich heterocycles like pyrazole, indole, imidazo[1,2-]pyridine, imidazo[2,1-]thiazole, and 4-(phenylamino)-2-chromen-2-one has been also demonstrated.

Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction and the Encapsulation of Bioactive Components for Food Applications.

Various potential sources of bioactive components exist in nature which are fairly underutilized due to the lack of a scientific approach that can be sustainable as well as practically feasible. The recovery of bioactive compounds is a big challenge and its use in food industry to develop functional foods is a promising area of research. Various techniques are available for the extraction of these bioactives but due to their thermolabile nature, there is demand for nonthermal or green technologies which can lower the cost of operation and decrease operational time and energy consumption as compared to conventional methods.

Cucurbit[6]uril-Supported FeO Magnetic Nanoparticles Catalyzed Green and Sustainable Synthesis of 2-Substituted Benzimidazoles via Acceptorless Dehydrogenative Coupling.

A new composite, cucurbit[6]uril (CB[6])-supported magnetic nanoparticles, FeO-CB[6], was synthesized via a co-precipitation method in air and fully characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, and vibrating sample magnetometry techniques. It has been found to be a highly efficient, economic, and sustainable heterogeneous catalyst and has been employed for the first time for the synthesis of a series of biologically important 2-substituted benzimidazoles from various benzyl alcohols and 1,2-diaminobenzenes under solvent-free conditions via acceptorless dehydrogenative coupling to afford the corresponding products in good to excellent yields (68-94%). The magnetic nature of the nanocomposite facilitates the facile recovery of the catalyst from the reaction mixture by an external magnet.

Umbelliferone attenuates glycerol-induced myoglobinuric acute kidney injury through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ agonism in rats.

Rhabdomyolysis is a clinical syndrome caused by damage to skeletal muscle, which consequently releases breakdown products into circulation and causes acute kidney injury (AKI) in humans. Intramuscular injection of glycerol mimics rhabdomyolysis and associated AKI. In this study, we explored the role of umbelliferone against glycerol-induced AKI in rats.

Betaine attenuates sodium arsenite-induced renal dysfunction in rats.

Exposure to higher levels of arsenic is a serious threat affecting human health worldwide. We investigated the protective role of betaine (N,N,N-trimethylglycine) against sodium arsenite-induced renal dysfunction in rats. Sodium arsenite (5 mg/kg, oral) was given to rats for 4 weeks to induce nephrotoxicity.

Ameliorative role of inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitors against sodium arsenite-induced renal and hepatic dysfunction in rats.

Arsenic exposure causes immense health distress by increasing risk of cardiovascular abnormalities, diabetes mellitus, neurotoxicity, and nephrotoxicity. The present study explored the role of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) inhibitors against sodium arsenite-induced renal and hepatic dysfunction in rats. Female Sprague Dawley rats were subjected to arsenic toxicity by administering sodium arsenite (5 mg/kg/day, oral) for 4 weeks.

Strategies for cryopreservation of testicular cells and tissues in cancer and genetic diseases.

Cryopreservation of testicular cells and tissues is useful for the preservation and restoration of fertility in pre-pubertal males expecting gonadotoxic treatment for cancer and genetic diseases causing impaired spermatogenesis. A number of freezing and vitrification protocols have thus been tried and variable results have been reported in terms of cell viability spermatogenesis progression and the production of fertile spermatozoa. A few studies have also reported the production of live offspring from cryopreserved testicular stem cells and tissues in rodents but their replication in large animals and human have been lacking.

Plasticized poly(vinylalcohol) and poly(vinylpyrrolidone) based patches with tunable mechanical properties for cardiac tissue engineering applications.

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) are the two most investigated biopolymers for various tissue engineering applications. However, their poor tensile strength renders them unsuitable for cardiac tissue engineering (CTE). In this study, we developed and evaluated PVA-PVP-based patches, plasticized with glycerol or propylene glycol (0.

Comparison of two culture methods during in vitro spermatogenesis of vitrified-warmed testis tissue: Organ culture vs. hanging drop culture.

Solid surface vitrification (SSV) is a cost effective and simple method for testis tissue preservation. Vitrified-warmed testis tissue was successfully cultured using various organ culture methods. In this study, we compared two culture methods viz.

Selective extraction and separation of Li, Co and Mn from leach liquor of discarded lithium ion batteries (LIBs).

Novel route has been developed to selectively extract lithium (Li), cobalt (Co) and manganese (Mn) from the leach liquor of discarded lithium ion batteries (LIBs) containing 1.4 g/L Cu, 1.1 g/L Ni, 11.

Fenofibrate attenuates ischemia reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury and associated liver dysfunction in rats.

Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) is one of the common reasons for acute kidney injury (AKI) and we need to develop effective therapies for treating AKI. We investigated the role of fenofibrate against I/R-induced AKI and associated hepatic dysfunction in rats. In male wistar albino rats, renal pedicle occlusion for 40 min and 24 h reperfusion resulted in AKI.

Ameliorative role of bosentan, an endothelin receptor antagonist, against sodium arsenite-induced renal dysfunction in rats.

Arsenic exposure is well documented to cause serious health hazards, such as cardiovascular abnormalities, neurotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. In the present study, we intended to explore the role of bosentan, an endothelial receptor antagonist, against sodium arsenite-induced nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity in rats. Sodium arsenite (5 mg/kg, oral) was administered for 4 weeks to induce renal dysfunction in rats.

An innovative environmental process for the treatment of scrap Nd-Fe-B magnets.

Strict environmental regulations as well as requirement of conservation of natural resources compelled the researchers to recycle the metal values from secondary resources. The scrap magnets found to be a potential alternative resource to extract rare earth metal, Nd. Present paper reports a novel process flow-sheet for the recycling of scrap Nd-Fe-B magnets to recover Nd as marketable salt and other valuable by-products.

Stevioside protects against rhabdomyolysis-induced acute kidney injury through PPAR-γ agonism in rats.

We explored the potential role of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) in stevioside-mediated renoprotection using rhabdomyolysis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) model in rats. Rhabdomyolysis refers to intense skeletal muscle damage, which further causes AKI. Glycerol (50% w/v, 8 ml/kg) was injected intramuscularly in rats to induce rhabdomyolysis.

Immunoexpression of cytokine tumour necrosis factor-α suggesting its role in formation and regression of corpus luteum in Indian buffalo.

Tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is a cytokine that plays multiple important roles in corpus luteum (CL). Immunolocalization of expression of TNF-α in CL of buffalo was studied in different stages of its development and regression. Corpus luteum of healthy buffaloes (24) was collected from local slaughterhouses and categorized into early (stage I, 1-5 days, n = 6), mid (stage II, 6-11 days, n = 6), late luteal (stage III, 12-16 days, n = 6) and regressing phase (stage IV, 17-20 days, n = 6).

High expression of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 and tissue necrosis factor alpha may relate to chronic infection of buffalo mammary gland.

Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) and hepatocyte nuclear factor 4A (HNF4A) are the putative mammary stem cell markers. Tissue necrosis factor alpha (TNFA) is involved in inflammation-associated carcinogenesis and cell proliferation. In this study, the gene expression profile of ALDH1, HNF4A and TNFA of buffalo mammary tissue using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR).

Immunohistochemical localization of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) in the oviduct of Indian buffalo during follicular and luteal phases of estrous cycle.

The localization and distribution of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) in different segments of oviduct of buffalo during follicular and luteal phases of estrous cycle were investigated using immunohistochemistry. Tissue samples from the different segments of oviduct from 12 buffaloes (six each during follicular and luteal phases of estrous cycle) were collected from slaughter house after assessing the gross morphology of ovaries. In addition, blood samples were collected from the animals before slaughter to estimate levels of estrogen and progesterone hormones.