The impact of pine wilt disease on the endophytic microbial communities structure of .

Pine Wilt Disease (PWD) is a devastating pine tree disease characterized by rapid onset, high mortality rate, quick spread, and difficulty in control. Plant microbiome plays a significant role in the development of PWD. However, the endophytic microbial communities of infected by pine wood nematode (PWN) remain largely unexplored.

Whole-Genome Sequences of 13 Chinese Indigenous Pinewood Nematodes, .

The pinewood nematode ( PWN) induces pine wilt disease in Pinaceae plants, causing severe destruction to pine forests. Previous studies report that by 2023, 663 cities across 18 provinces in China had been infested by the PWN, necessitating immediate control measures. To identify the genetic variations associated with the PWN's adaptation to new environments, we conducted whole-genome sequencing (WGS) on 13 indigenous PWN samples from two distinct geographic zones within China, specifically Anhui, Liaoning, and Jiangxi provinces.

A trispecific antibody induces potent tumor-directed T-cell activation and antitumor activity by CD3/CD28 co-engagement.

A novel CD19xCD3xCD28 trispecific antibody with a tandem single-chain variable fragments (scFv) structure was developed for the treatment of B-cell malignancies. The trispecific antibody in inducing tumor-directed T-cell activation and cytotoxicity was evaluated and and compared with its bispecific counterpart BiTE-CD19xCD3 lacking a CD28-targeting domain. The trispecific antibody with a co-stimulatory domain exhibited augmented T-cell activation and memory T-cell differentiation capability and it induced faster tumor cell lysis than the bispecific antibody.

Enhanced methane production from the co-digestion of food waste and thermally hydrolyzed sludge filtrate.

Although many technologies can be applied to sewage sludge (SS) and food waste (FW) treatment, high investment and operational costs, high land occupation, and the "not-in-my-backyard" effect pose many challenges in practice. Thus, it is important to develop and utilize low-carbon or negative-carbon technologies to tackle the carbon problem. This paper proposes a method of anaerobic co-digestion of FW and SS, thermally hydrolyzed sludge (THS), or THS filtrate (THF) to enhance their methane potential.

Embedding ruthenium nanoparticles in the shell layer of titanium zirconium oxide hollow spheres to catalyze the degradation of alkali lignin under mild condition.

To catalyze the degradation of lignin in refractory wastewater efficiently, a new nanocomposite with Ru nanoparticles embedded on the surface of TiZrO hollow spheres was fabricated with three method a "sol-gel + calcination + vacuum-impregnation" template method, and the unique binary composition of TiZrO/Ru prevented the aggregation of Ru and keep its high activity. During 3-h catalytic-oxidation at 160 °C and 2.0 MPa O, 98% alkali lignin was degraded and 70% organic carbon was mineralized with the catalysis of TiZrO/Ru, while the values were only 50% and 25% without analysts.

Measurement of electron transfer through cytochrome P450 protein on nanopillars and the effect of bound substrates.

Electron transfer in cytochrome P450 enzymes is a fundamental process for activity. It is difficult to measure electron transfer in these enzymes because under the conditions typically used they exist in a variety of states. Using nanotechnology-based techniques, gold conducting nanopillars were constructed in an indexed array.

An investigation into the feasibility of myoglobin-based single-electron transistors.

Myoglobin single-electron transistors were investigated using nanometer-gap platinum electrodes fabricated by electromigration at cryogenic temperatures. Apomyoglobin (myoglobin without the heme group) was used as a reference. The results suggest single-electron transport is mediated by resonant tunneling with the electronic and vibrational levels of the heme group in a single protein.

All-semiconductor active plasmonic system in mid-infrared wavelengths.

Metal-based plasmonics has a wide range of important applications but is subject to several drawbacks. In this paper, we propose and investigate an all-semiconductor-based approach to plasmonics in mid-infrared (MIR) wavelength range using InAs heterostructures. Our results show that InAs heterostructures are ideal for plasmonics with the shortest plasmon wavelength among common semiconductors.

Characterization and dye decolorization ability of an alkaline resistant and organic solvents tolerant laccase from Bacillus licheniformis LS04.

A new bacterial strain exhibiting laccase activity was isolated from forest soil and was identified as Bacillus licheniformis LS04. The spore laccase of B. licheniformis LS04 demonstrated a broad pH range for catalyzing substrates.