Physical Function and Mobility in Older Adults Receiving Treatment for Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Longitudinal Qualitative Study.

Purpose: To explore perspectives of older adults (aged 60 years or older) with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) on their physical function and mobility, assessed at three time points during treatment with a hypomethylating agent and venetoclax (HMA + VEN).

Participants & Setting: Participants were older adults with AML (N = 17) receiving HMA + VEN at a comprehensive cancer center. Most were male and aged 64-89 years (median age = 75 years).

Presenting summary reports to patients with chronic health conditions to support values-based discussions and decision-making: A literature review.

Background: Patient-centered care is the process of aligning medical decisions with patients' preferences, needs, and values. Helping patients clarify their preferences and values may improve shared decision making (SDM).

Objective: Understand how summary reports impact patient and clinician behaviors for values-based discussions and SDM related to healthcare decisions.

Nutrition and Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndromes in Older Adults (≥60): A Scoping Review.

Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) commonly affect older adults (aged ≥60). Treatments are often intensive, with side effects impacting patients' eating abilities and, consequently, nutritional status, which can influence treatment outcomes.

Objective: For older adults with AML/MDS: 1.

Pilot Testing of Build StaMINA: A Tailored Physical Activity Program for Adults Receiving Treatment for Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive and often debilitating cancer for adults across the treatment trajectory. Patients experience frequent hospitalization, sedentariness, and negative sequelae including physical dysfunction and symptoms, which increase their risk for adverse events and mortality.

Objective: To test the preliminary efficacy of a tailored physical activity (PA) program.

Addressing the Need for a Specialized Disconnection Device in Catheter Connection Management: A Case Study of User-Centered Medical Device Innovation.

: Improvements in catheter connection design intended to increase safety have resulted in connections that are difficult to release manually. No medical device exists to safely disconnect catheter connections. Nurses and other users have developed workarounds including use of hemostats, tourniquets, and wrenches.

Understanding treatment preferences and cognitive outcomes in patients with gliomas.

Objective: Understanding how glioma patients value cognitive outcomes is essential to personalizing their treatment plans. The purpose of this study was to identify the modifiable cognitive functions most affected by treatment and most important to patient quality of life.

Methods: Patients with gliomas were prospectively enrolled in focus groups and individual interviews using a standardized guide focusing on cognitive functions until saturation was achieved.

"A strong reason why I enjoy coming to work": Clinician acceptability of a palliative and supportive care intervention (PACT) for older adults with acute myeloid leukemia and their care partners.

Introduction: Studies about clinician acceptability of integrative palliative care interventions in the inpatient and outpatient cancer settings are limited. In this study, we examined clinician acceptability of a NIH-funded interdisciplinary PAlliative and Supportive Care inTervention (PACT) for older adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and their care partners that transcends both inpatient and outpatient settings.

Materials And Methods: Data was collected using semi-structured interviews with clinicians who were directly involved in PACT.

Scoping review of values elicitation tools for treatment decisions in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Treatment choices in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) involve consideration of tradeoffs between the benefits, toxicities, inconvenience, and costs. Stated preference elicitation methods have been used in the medical field to help evaluate complex treatment decision-making. The aim of this study was to conduct a scoping review to assess the evidence base for the use of preference elicitation tools or willingness to pay/willingness to accept methods for HCC treatment decision-making from both the patient and provider perspective.

Experiences of treatment decision-making among older newly diagnosed adults with acute myeloid leukemia: a qualitative descriptive study.

Purpose: Treatment decision-making for older adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is complex and preference-sensitive. We sought to understand the patient experience of treatment decision-making to identify specific challenges in shared decision-making to improve clinical care and to inform the development of directed interventions.

Methods: We conducted in-depth interviews with newly diagnosed older (≥ 60 years) adults with AML and their caregivers following a semi-structured interview guide at a public safety net academic hospital.

Arrays of glass wedges for multi-dimensional optical diagnostics.

There is a common need in the advancement of optical diagnostic techniques to increase the dimensionality of measurements. For example, point measurements could be improved to multi-point, line, planar, volumetric, or time-resolved volumetric measurements. In this work, a unique optical element is presented to enable multi-dimensional measurements, namely, an array of glass wedges.

Comprehensive genomic profiling reveals molecular subsets of -mutated myeloid neoplasms.

A large-scale genomic analysis of patients with -mutated myeloid disease has not been performed to date. We reviewed comprehensive genomic profiling results from 6043 adults to characterize clinicopathologic features and co-mutation patterns by ASXL1 mutation status. mutations occurred in 1414 patients (23%).

Patient preferences, regret, and health-related quality of life among older adults with acute myeloid leukemia: A pilot longitudinal study.

Introduction: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is associated with poor outcomes and is generally incurable. Therefore, understanding preferences of older adults with AML is critical. We sought to assess whether best-worst scaling (BWS) can be used to capture attributes considered by older adults with AML when making initial treatment decisions and longitudinally, as well as assess changes in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and decisional regret over time.

Hybrid time-frequency domain dual-probe coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering for simultaneous temperature and pressure measurements in compressible flows via spectral fitting.

We demonstrate a hybrid time-frequency spectroscopic method for simultaneous temperature/pressure measurements in nonreacting compressible flows with known gas composition. Hybrid femtosecond-picosecond, pure-rotational coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS), with two independent, time-delayed probe pulses, is deployed for single-laser-shot measurements of temperature and pressure profiles along an ∼5-mm line. The theory of dual-probe CARS is presented, along with a discussion of the iterative fitting of experimental spectra.

Patient-centered communication tool for older patients with acute myeloid leukemia, their caregivers, and oncologists: A single-arm pilot study.

Background: In a single-arm pilot study, we assessed the feasibility and usefulness of an innovative patient-centered communication tool (UR-GOAL tool) that addresses aging-related vulnerabilities, patient values, and prognostic awareness for use in treatment decision making between older adults with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML), their caregivers, and oncologists.

Methods: Primary feasibility metric was retention rate; >50% was considered feasible. We collected recruitment rate, usefulness, and outcomes including AML knowledge (range 0-14) and perceived efficacy in communicating with oncologists (range 5-25).

Association of QTc Formula With the Clinical Management of Patients With Cancer.

Importance: Monitoring of the corrected QT interval (QTc) for patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy is not standardized. Selection of QTc formula may be associated with adverse event grading and chemotherapy delivery.

Objective: To describe the association of QTc formula selection with adverse event grading and chemotherapy delivery.

Time spent at home among older adults with acute myeloid leukemia receiving azacitidine- or venetoclax-based regimens.

Time at home is a critically important outcome to adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) when selecting treatment; however, no study to date has adequately described the amount of time older adults spend at home following initiation of chemotherapy. We queried records from a multi-institution health system to identify adults aged ≥60 years newly diagnosed with AML who were treated with azacitidine or venetoclax and evaluated the proportion of days at home (PDH) following diagnosis. Days were considered "at home" if patients were not admitted or seen in the emergency department or oncology/infusion clinic.

Codesign approaches involving older adults in the development of electronic healthcare tools: a systematic review.

Objective: The primary aim was to review and synthesise the current evidence of how older adults are involved in codesign approaches to develop electronic healthcare tools (EHTs). The secondary aim was to identify how the codesign approaches used mutual learning techniques to benefit older adult participants.

Design: Systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews 2020 checklist.

Development of a Patient-Centered Preference Tool for Patients With Hematologic Malignancies: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study.

Background: The approval of novel therapies for patients diagnosed with hematologic malignancies have improved survival outcomes but increased the challenge of aligning chemotherapy choices with patient preferences. We previously developed paper versions of a discrete choice experiment (DCE) and a best-worst scaling (BWS) instrument to quantify the treatment outcome preferences of patients with hematologic malignancies to inform shared decision making.

Objective: We aim to develop an electronic health care tool (EHT) to guide clinical decision making that uses either a BWS or DCE instrument to capture patient preferences.

Co-Design Approaches Involving Older Adults in the Development of Electronic Healthcare Tools: A Systematic Review.

We present evidence on the current state of utilizing co-design approaches involving older adults in developing electronic healthcare tools (EHTs). Research gaps were identified in defining the stages, involvement processes, and levels of participation using existing theoretical frameworks. Future studies should explore both involvement processes and levels of participation to optimally empower and collaborate with older adults in developing EHTs.

Time-domain self-broadened and air-broadened nitrogen S-branch Raman linewidths at 80-200 K recorded in an underexpanded jet.

We report pure-rotational N-N, N-air, and O-air S-branch linewidths for temperatures of 80-200 K by measuring the time-dependent decay of rotational Raman coherences in an isentropic free-jet expansion from a sonic nozzle. We recorded pure-rotational hybrid femtosecond/picosecond coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (fs/ps CARS) spectra along the axial centerline of the underexpanded jet, within the barrel shock region upstream of the Mach disk. The dephasing of the pure-rotational Raman coherence was monitored using probe-time-delay scans at different axial positions in the jet, corresponding to varying local temperatures and pressures.

Evidence-Based Minireview: Molecular precision and clinical uncertainty: should molecular profiling be routinely used to guide risk stratification in MDS?

This is a focused clinical vignette and review of the literature in MDS to discuss the application of molecular sequencing for risk stratification in MDS. The authors utilize an exemplar patient case and explain the advantages and disadvantages, based on available data, of routine use of this testing for MDS patients.