Cardioprotective effects of lycopene-loaded nanoparticles against isoproterenol-induced myocardial injury.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the cardioprotective effects of lycopene loaded ovalbumin chitosan nanoparticle (L-OCNPs) against isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial injury.

Materials And Methods: H9c2 cardiomyoblasts were treated with various concentrations of L-OCNPs (5, 10, 15, 25, and 50 µg/ml) for 24 hr, followed by exposure to ISO (100 µM) for an additional 24 hr. Cell viability, oxidative stress, mitochondrial function, and nuclear damage were assessed using various biochemical and molecular techniques.

Single-fluorophore-based pyridine derivative as a dual-channel probe for the detection of Hg and Ag with "off-on" response.

A novel fluorescent probe P based on a single fluorophore-pyridine architecture was developed. P exhibited good selectivity to Hg and Ag in various media with off-on and dual-channel fluorescence signaling features. Its unique ability to facilitate the simultaneous detection of Hg and Ag in the presence of other reference metal ions was validated through UV-vis spectroscopy and fluorescence analysis.

Serum CA19-9 as a predictor of incident metabolic syndrome in obese middle-aged and older men: A 9-year cohort study.

BackgroundThe status of carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) in metabolic syndrome (MetS) is unknown.ObjectiveTo investigate the association between serum CA19-9 levels and incident metabolic syndrome in obese middle-aged and older men.MethodsFrom 2007 to 2015, 1,750 participants were retrospectively reviewed.

Construction of water-soluble fluorescent probes supported by carboxymethyl chitosan.

Two novel Al fluorescent probes, CMCS-P and CMCS-P, were independently designed and synthesized by modifying the C-2 amino group of carboxymethyl chitosan with benzoyl hydrazide derivatives. The successful incorporation of the benzoyl hydrazide-derived probes was confirmed through FT-IR and H NMR spectroscopy. The sensing performance demonstrated that CMCS-P and CMCS-P could selectively distinguish Al from various metal ions, and the proposed probes both demonstrated excellent water solubility and exhibited a highly selective "turn-on" fluorescence response to Al in pure aqueous solution.

A Novel Rhodamine B Fluorescent Probe Derived from Carboxymethyl Chitosan for the Selective Detection of Fe.

In this study, we synthesized a fluorescent material by modifying the C-2 amino group of carboxymethyl chitosan with a rhodamine B derivative, which was proposed and demonstrated using H NMR and FT-IR measurements. A series of experiments including selectivity, sensitivity, reversibility, pH, and water content were conducted to investigate the fluorometric and colorimetric properties of the grafted polymer. Utilizing a Fe-induced ring-opening mechanism of the rhodamine B spirolactam, we found that the grafted polymer exhibited a highly selective fluorescence response to Fe, with enhanced fluorescence at 583 nm compared to other tested metal ions and anions, accompanied by the characteristic absorption peak of rhodamine B that appeared at 561 nm with a noticeable color change from colorless to pink, facilitating visual observation.

Plastid LPAT1 is an integral inner envelope membrane protein with the acyltransferase domain located in the stroma.

The N-terminal transmembrane domain of LPAT1 crosses the inner membrane placing the N terminus in the intermembrane space and the C-terminal enzymatic domain in the stroma. Galactolipids mono- and di-galactosyl diacylglycerol are the major and vital lipids of photosynthetic membranes. They are synthesized by five enzymes hosted at different sub-chloroplast locations.

Construction of Chitosan-Modified Naphthalimide Fluorescence Probe for Selective Detection of Cu.

A chitosan-based Cu fluorescent probe was designed and synthesized independently using the C-2-amino group of chitosan with 1, 8-naphthalimide derivatives. A series of experiments were conducted to characterize the optical properties of the grafted probe. The fluorescence quenching effect was investigated based on the interactions between the probe and common metals.

Camel whey protein alleviates heat stress-induced liver injury by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway and inhibiting HMGB1 release.

This study aimed to investigate the mechanism by which camel whey protein (CWP) inhibits the release of high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in heat stress (HS)-stimulated rat liver. Administration of CWP by gavage prior to HS inhibited the cytoplasmic translocation of HMGB1 and consequently reduced the inflammatory response in the rat liver, and downregulated the levels of the NLR pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, interleukin (IL)-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. The use of N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), an inhibitor of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, indicated that this downregulation effect may be attributed to the antioxidant activity of CWP.

Characterization of a Hg-Selective Fluorescent Probe Based on Rhodamine B and Its Imaging in Living Cells.

A small organic molecule was synthesized and characterized as a fluorometric and colorimetric dual-modal probe for Hg. The sensing characteristics of the proposed probe for Hg were studied in detail. A fluorescent enhancing property at 583 nm (>30 fold) accompanied with a visible colorimetric change, from colorless to pink, was observed with the addition of Hg to in an ethanol-water solution (8:2, /, 20 mM HEPES, pH 7.

Synthesis and Characterization of a Mg-Selective Probe Based on Benzoyl Hydrazine Derivative and Its Application in Cell Imaging.

A simple benzoyl hydrazine derivative was successfully synthesized and characterized as Mg-selective fluorescent probe. The binding of with Mg caused an obvious fluorescence enhancement at 482 nm. The fluorescent, UV-vis spectra, H-NMR, and IR spectra confirmed the formation of -Mg complex, and the formation of a 1:1 stoichiometry complex was proved by Job's plot and mass spectrometry.

β-Glucan from Saccharomyces cerevisiae alleviates oxidative stress in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells via Dectin-1/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.

β-Glucan from Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been described to be effective antioxidants, but the specific antioxidation mechanism of β-glucan is unclear. The objectives of this research were to determine whether the β-glucan from Saccharomyces cerevisiae could regulate oxidative stress through the Dectin-1/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells.

Hydrolyzed camel whey protein alleviated heat stress-induced hepatocyte damage by activated Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway and inhibited NF-κB/NLRP3 axis.

Liver damage is the most severe complication of heat stress (HS). Hydrolyzed camel whey protein (CWP) possesses bioactive peptides with obviously antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The current study aims to investigate whether CWP that is hydrolyzed by a simulated gastrointestinal digestion process, named S-CWP, protects BRL-3A hepatocytes from HS-induced damage via antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms.

Increased ratio of galactolipid MGDG : DGDG induces jasmonic acid overproduction and changes chloroplast shape.

Galactolipids monogalactosyl diacylglycerol (MGDG) and digalactosyl diacylglycerol (DGDG) constitute c. 50% and c. 30% of chloroplast membrane lipids, respectively.

A pH tuning single fluorescent probe based on naphthalene for dual-analytes (Mg and Al) and its application in cell imaging.

In this study, a naphthalene Schiff-base P which serves as a dual-analyte probe for the quantitative detection of Al and Mg has been designed. The proposed probe showed an ''off-on'' fluorescent response toward Al in ethanol-water solution (1 : 9, v/v, pH 6.3, 20 mM HEPES) over other metal ions and anions, while the detection by the probe could be switched to Mg by regulating the pH from 6.

Regulation of Hedgehog signaling Offers A Novel Perspective for Bone Homeostasis Disorder Treatment.

The hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway is central to the regulation of bone development and homeostasis. HH signaling is not only involved in osteoblast differentiation from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs), but also acts upstream within osteoblasts via the OPG/RANK/RANKL axis to control the expression of RANKL. HH signaling has been found to up-regulate parathyroid hormone related protein (PTHrP) expression in osteoblasts, which in turn activates its downstream targets nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) and cAMP responsive element binding protein (CREB), and as a result CREB and NFAT cooperatively increase RANKL expression and osteoclastogenesis.

Efficient core shell structured dual response ratiometric fluorescence probe for determination of HO and glucose via etching of silver nanoprisms.

A simple and sensitive inner filter effect and charge transfer dual response ratiometric fluorescent probe (D-RFP) for sensing glucose was developed based on etching of silver nanoprisms (Ag NPRs). The D-RFP was proposed by hybridizing red emitting CdTe QDs and blue emitting CDs into core-shell structured silica nanoparticles. In this design, when mixed Ag NPRs with the D-RFP, QDs which embedded in silica nanoparticles can be quenched by Ag NPRs via inner filter effect.

A novel dual response ratiometric fluorescent probe for the determination of HO and glucose via etching of silver nanoparticles.

Based on the inner filter effect and charge transfer dual response mechanism, a dual response ratiometric fluorescent probe (D-RFP) with two reversible signal changes for sensing HO and glucose was developed. The D-RFP was proposed by embedding glycine-derived carbon dots (CDs) (λ = 400 nm) into silica nanoparticles and covalently linking CdTe quantum dots (QDs) (λ = 600 nm) onto the surface of silica nanoparticles. When silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were mixed with D-RFP, the fluorescence intensity of CDs can be quenched by Ag NPs via the inner filter effect.

Dual functional photo-response for p-Si/SiO/n-InGaZnO graphene nanocomposites photodiodes.

This study demonstrates dual functional hybrid heterojunction photodiodes (PDs) that comprise an amorphous indium gallium zinc oxide (a-IGZO) thin film blended with graphene nanoflakes and a SiO (5 nm)/Si substrate. The PDs exhibit a photo-responsivity of approximately 0.15-0.

Al(iii)-responsive "off-on" chemosensor based on rhodamine derivative and its application in cell imaging.

In this work, a new rhodamine chemosensor (P) with excellent photochromic properties upon vis irradiation was designed and synthesized. The fabricated chemosensor P could detect Al the opening of the spirolactam ring of the rhodamine unit with high selectivity and sensitivity. The spirolactam ring opening was confirmed by NMR and infrared spectroscopy.

Chloroplast Galactolipids: The Link Between Photosynthesis, Chloroplast Shape, Jasmonates, Phosphate Starvation and Freezing Tolerance.

Monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) and digalactosyldiacylglycerol (DGDG) together constitute approximately 80% of chloroplast lipids. Apart from facilitating the photosynthesis light reaction in the thylakoid membrane, these two lipids are important for maintaining chloroplast morphology and for plant survival under abiotic stresses such as phosphate starvation and freezing. Recently it was shown that severe growth retardation phenotypes of the DGDG-deficient mutant dgd1 were due to jasmonate overproduction, linking MGDG and DGDG homeostasis with phytohormone production and suggesting MGDG as a major substrate for jasmonate biosynthesis.

HISTONE DEACETYLASE6 Acts in Concert with Histone Methyltransferases SUVH4, SUVH5, and SUVH6 to Regulate Transposon Silencing.

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) play important roles in regulating gene expression. In yeast and animals, HDACs act as components of multiprotein complexes that modulate transcription during various biological processes. However, little is known about the interacting proteins of plant HDACs.

Salting-out assisted liquid-liquid extraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for the determination of pyrethroid insecticides in high salinity and biological samples.

A salting-out assisted liquid-liquid extraction (SALLE) combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method was developed for the determination of four pyrethroid insecticides (PYRs) in high salinity and biological samples. Several parameters including sample pH, salting-out solution volume and salting-out solution pH influencing the extraction efficiency were systematically investigated with the aid of orthogonal design. The optimal extraction conditions of SALLE were: 4mL of salting-out solution with pH=4 and the sample pH=3.