Real-world evaluation of CDK4/6 inhibitors in hormone receptor-positive metastatic breast cancer: Prognostic effect of proton pump inhibitor use.

Background: This study evaluates the prognostic impact of the co-administration of proton pump inhibitors (PPI) on treatment outcomes in patients with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) metastatic and recurrent breast cancer who were receiving CDK4/6 inhibitor(CDK4/6i) treatment, providing real-world evidence to guide treatment strategies.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective analysis included 359 patients with HR+ metastasis and relapse breast cancer treated between 2018 and 2023. Patient characteristics and outcomes were compared between those receiving CDK4/6i plus endocrine therapy without any antacid medications and those with a combination of either PPI or H2 receptor blockers.

Gamma knife radiosurgery for breast cancer brain metastasis: survival outcomes, prognotic factors, and the role of repeat treatment.

Purpose: This study evaluated prognostic factors and longitudinal outcomes associated with gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) in treating brain metastases from breast cancer, and assessed the efficacy of repeated GKRS in prolonging intracranial disease control.

Methods: In this retrospective study, we reviewed 159 breast cancer patients involving 640 brain metastases who underwent GKRS at a tertiary medical center. Overall survival (OS), local control (LC), and distant intracranial control were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method.

Comprehensive genomic profiling of Taiwanese triple-negative breast cancer samples with medium- and large-sized sequencing panels: A comparative study implicating treatment allocations.

Comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) is a molecular diagnostic tool with increasing use in cancer research and treatment. There are several commercialized CGP assays with variable targeted genes, while the differences between medium- and large-sized panels in refining genomic profiling strategies, optimizing resource allocation and enhancing clinical applications require evaluation. In the present study, patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) from the Veterans General Hospital TAipei-Yung-Ling foundation sinO-canceR study were initially assayed using a medium-sized CGP panel (Oncomine comprehensive panel), and the remaining nucleic acid specimens were re-sequenced with a large-sized panel (TruSight Oncology 500).

Impact of PIK3CA Mutations on the Clinical Benefits of CDK 4/6 Inhibitors in HR+/HER2- Advanced Breast Cancer: An Updated Pairwise and Network Meta-Analysis.

Cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) have revolutionized the treatment of hormone receptor-positive (HR+) and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 negative (HER2-) advanced breast cancer. However, identifying reliable biomarkers and determining overall survival (OS) outcomes for CDK4/6i remains challenging. We conducted a systematic review and updated pairwise meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to evaluate the clinical benefits and biomarker interactions of CDK4/6i in HR+ and HER2- advanced breast cancer.

Comprehensive genomic profiling of Taiwanese triple-negative breast cancer with a large targeted sequencing panel.

Background: Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women, particularly those with the triple-negative (TN) phenotype. Although novel therapeutic options are emerging, most are biomarker-driven. This study used comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) via targeted sequencing to identify actionable alterations in a TN subcohort of the VGH-TAYLOR study.

miR-142 regulates the function of microvascular endothelial cells through MAT2B.

Astrocytes play a critical role in maintaining the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) under physiological conditions and become activated and secrete certain inflammatory cytokines under inflammatory conditions. These inflammatory factors directly or indirectly exacerbate BBB disruption by regulating the expression of tight junction proteins (TJPs), which are located between brain capillary endothelial cells. It has been reported that the protective function of the BBB, which is fundamental for homeostasis and normal neuronal activity, could be altered during stress conditions.

Novel biallelic HFM1 variants cause severe oligozoospermia with favorable intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcome.

Male factors contribute to 50% of infertility cases, with 20%-30% of cases being solely attributed to male infertility. Helicase for meiosis 1 (HFM1) plays a crucial role in ensuring proper crossover formation and synapsis of homologous chromosomes during meiosis, an essential process in gametogenesis. HFM1 gene mutations are associated with male infertility, particularly in cases of non-obstructive azoospermia and severe oligozoospermia.

A retrospective study to investigate the prevalence and describe the clinicopathological characteristics, treatments, and outcomes of HER2-low Breast Cancer in Taiwan.

Background: The binary classification of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) as HER2-positive [immunohistochemistry (IHC) 2+/in situ hybridization (ISH)+ or 3+] or HER2-negative (IHC 0, 1+, or 2+/ISH-) has been reassessed due to the efficacy of an anti-HER2 antibody-drug conjugate-Trastuzumab Deruxtecan in HER2-low (IHC 1+ or 2+/ISH-) unresectable/metastatic breast cancer (mBC) patients. However, little is known about the prevalence and outcomes of HER2-low mBC in Taiwan.

Methods: This retrospective study rescored archived HER2 IHC slides of HER2-negative unresectable/mBC patients diagnosed from 2017 to 2020.

Genetic Alterations in HER2-Positive and Equivocal Breast Cancer by Immunohistochemistry.

Purpose: We aimed to identify genetic alterations in groups with different HER2 immunohistochemical (IHC) scores.

Patients And Methods: A total of 120 patients with HER2-positive breast cancers, including 89 cases with IHC 3+ tumors and 31 cases with IHC 2+ and positive for in situ hybridization (ISH) were enrolled. Molecular profiles were determined using Thermo Fisher TMO comprehensive assay on surgically removed tissues.

HDAC inhibitors modulate Hippo pathway signaling in hormone positive breast cancer.

Breast cancer has constantly been the leading causes of death in women, and hormone receptor (HR) positive, HER2 negative is the majority subtype. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors (HDACi) have shown clinical benefit in HR ( +) breast cancer patients. The Hippo pathway is an important cellular pathway involving proliferation, cell contact, and cancer.

Addition of Bevacizumab to Vinorelbine-Platinum combination is efficacious in Heavily Pretreated HER2-Negative Metastatic Breast Cancer.

Despite rapidly improving therapeutics, challenges remain in the treatment of advanced breast cancer. Vinorelbine, a semisynthetic vinca alkaloid, is effective and well-tolerated in breast cancer treatment. The combination of vinorelbine and platinum-combination is a well-tolerated but underreported chemotherapy regimen.

A Stable Open-Shelled Au Nanocluster with Remarkable Performance in Selective Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohol.

Open metal sites are crucial in catalysis. We have used a "loose coordination strategy" (LCS) to preorganize open metal sites in gold cluster catalysts. A gold nanocluster with composition of [Au(3,4-Me-Ph-form)(Pr-imy)(MeS)](BF) (Pr-imy=1,3-Diisopropylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, 3,4-Me-Ph-form=N,N'-Di(3,4-dimethyl-phenyl)formamidine) (Au) has been obtained by one pot synthesis, i.

Correlation Between PIK3R1 Expression and Cell Growth in Human Breast Cancer Cell Line BT-474 and Clinical Outcomes.

Background: While mutations in the gene play important roles in human breast carcinogenesis, gene alterations are recognized as actionable mutations for clinical cancer treatment. We aimed to elucidate the role of PIK3R1 in cell proliferation on breast carcinoma and to correlate the PIK3R1 expression with patients' outcome using human tumor tissue arrays.

Methods: Using human BT-474 (estrogen receptor (ER)+/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-high) breast carcinoma cell line as model, the role of PIK3R1 in cell proliferation was elucidated by knock-down of the gene (ΔPIK3R1) in this cell line.

The Heisenberg-RIXS instrument at the European XFEL.

Resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) is an ideal X-ray spectroscopy method to push the combination of energy and time resolutions to the Fourier transform ultimate limit, because it is unaffected by the core-hole lifetime energy broadening. Also, in pump-probe experiments the interaction time is made very short by the same core-hole lifetime. RIXS is very photon hungry so it takes great advantage from high-repetition-rate pulsed X-ray sources like the European XFEL.

Real-world outcomes of everolimus-based treatment in a Taiwanese cohort with metastatic HR+/HER2- breast cancer.

Background: Everolimus was the first orally targeted therapy for certain cancers. It was introduced before CDK4/6 inhibitors and is widely used to treat advanced hormone receptor-positive (HR+)/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-) breast cancer. This study presents comprehensive findings including updated data and long-term survival analyses focusing on patients with HR+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer who received everolimus-based treatment.

Early prediction of platelet recovery with immature platelet fraction in patients receiving hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is pivotal in treating hematologic disorders, yet it poses the risk of post-transplantation pancytopenia. Prophylactic platelet transfusions are often administered to mitigate this risk. Utilizing practical markers, such as immature platelet fraction (IPF), to predict hematopoietic recovery in advance could reduce unnecessary prophylactic transfusions.

Real-world experience with CDK4/6 inhibitors in hormone receptor-positive metastatic and recurrent breast cancer: findings from an Asian population.

Purpose: Cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) combined with endocrine therapy have demonstrated significant clinical benefits in progression-free and overall survival. This study investigates the outcomes associated with two kinds of CDK4/6i in patients with hormone receptor (HR)-positive metastatic and relapsed breast cancer to inform real-world evidence of treatment strategies.

Methods: This retrospective study included 340 Taiwanese patients with HR-positive advanced breast cancer from the Taipei Veterans General Hospital, between 2018 and 2023.

Pulmonary delivery of icariin-phospholipid complex prolongs lung retention and improves therapeutic efficacy in mice with acute lung injury/ARDS.

Icariin has been shown the promising therapeutic potential to treat inflammatory airway diseases, yet its poor lung distribution and retention restrict the clinical applications. To this end, this work aimed to prepare an icariin-phospholipid complex (IPC) formulation for sustained nebulization delivery that enabled excellent inhalability, improved lung exposure and prolonged duration of action. Icariin was found to react with soybean phospholipid to form supramolecular IPC, which was able to self-assemble into nanoparticle suspension.

Peripheral blood stem cell harvesting in young children weighing less than 15 kg.

Autologous peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) transplantation is crucial in pediatric cancer treatment, and tandem transplantation is beneficial in certain malignancies. Collecting PBSCs in small children with low body weight is challenging. We retrospectively analyzed data of pediatric cancer patients weighing <15 kg who underwent autologous PBSC harvesting in our hospital.

Inhalable spray-dried porous microparticles containing dehydroandrographolide succinate phospholipid complex capable of improving and prolonging pulmonary anti-inflammatory efficacy in mice.

Due to the unique physiological barriers within the lungs, there are considerable challenges in developing drug delivery systems enabling prolonged drug exposure to respiratory epithelial cells. Here, we report a PulmoSphere-based dry powder technology that incorporates a drug-phospholipid complex to promote intracellular retention of dehydroandrographolide succinate (DAS) in respiratory epithelial cells following pulmonary delivery. The DAS-phospholipid complex has the ability to self-assemble into nanoparticles.

Acquisition of different transcriptional shear mRNA and biological function of porcine interleukin 18 binding protein in PRRSV infection.

Interleukin-18 binding protein (IL-18BP), a natural regulator molecule of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-18 (IL-18), plays an important role in regulating the expression of the cellular immunity factor interferon-γ (IFN-γ). In a previous RNA-seq analysis of porcine alveolar macrophages (PAM) infected with the TIM and TJ strains of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), we unexpectedly found that the mRNA expression of porcine interleukin 18-binding protein (pIL-18BP) in PAM cells infected with the TJM strain was significantly higher than that infected with the TJ strain. Studies have shown that human interleukin-18 binding protein (hIL-18bp) plays an important role in regulating cellular immunity in the course of the disease.

Risk factors of early disease progression and decreased survival for multiple myeloma patients after upfront autologous stem cell transplantation.

Multiple myeloma (MM) stands as the second most prevalent hematological malignancy, constituting approximately 10% of all hematological malignancies. Current guidelines recommend upfront autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) for transplant-eligible MM patients. This study seeks to delineate factors influencing post-ASCT outcomes in MM patients.

Comparing transfusion reactions between pre-storage and post-storage leukoreduced apheresis platelets: an analysis using propensity score matching.

Transfusion reactions induced by platelet transfusions may be reduced and alleviated by leukocyte reduction of platelets. Although leukoreduction of apheresis platelets can be performed either pre-storage or post-storage, seldom studies directly compare the incidence of transfusion reaction in these two different blood products. We conducted a retrospective study to compare the transfusion reactions between pre-storage and post-storage leukoreduced apheresis platelets.