Dietary methionine supplementation promotes mice hematopoiesis after irradiation.

Background: With the increasing risk of nuclear exposure, more attention has been paid to the prevention and treatment of acute radiation syndrome (ARS). Although amino acids are key nutrients involved in hematopoietic regulation, the impacts of amino acids on bone marrow hematopoiesis following irradiation and the associated mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Hence, it is of paramount importance to study the changes in amino acid metabolism after irradiation and their effects on hematopoiesis as well as the related mechanisms.

Elimination of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilms on titanium implants via photothermally-triggered nitric oxide and immunotherapy for enhanced osseointegration.

Background: Treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) biofilm infections in implant placement surgery is limited by the lack of antimicrobial activity of titanium (Ti) implants. There is a need to explore more effective approaches for the treatment of MRSA biofilm infections.

Methods: Herein, an interfacial functionalization strategy is proposed by the integration of mesoporous polydopamine nanoparticles (PDA), nitric oxide (NO) release donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and osteogenic growth peptide (OGP) onto Ti implants, denoted as Ti-PDA@SNP-OGP.

Genistein suppresses the proliferation of telomerase-negative cells.

In both tumor and yeast cells that lack telomerase, telomeres are maintained via an alternative recombination mechanism. In this study, we tested genistein, a potential TOP2 inhibitor required for telomere-telomere recombination, on the repression of telomere-telomere recombination. Genistein on the repression of type II recombination on a yeast strain was examined by the telomeric DNA structures using Southern blot analysis.

Functional analysis of unfermented and fermented citrus peels and physical properties of citrus peel-added doughs for bread making.

Several studies have indicated citrus peels (CP) contain specific methoxy flavones, e.g. nobiletin and tangeretin, which have been shown to prevent numerous diseases.

Topoisomerase II inhibition suppresses the proliferation of telomerase-negative cancers.

Telomere maintenance is required for chromosome stability, and telomeres are typically elongated by telomerase following DNA replication. In both tumor and yeast cells that lack telomerase, telomeres are maintained via an alternative recombination mechanism. Previous studies have indicated that yeast Sgs1 and Top3 may work together to remove highly negative supercoils that are generated from recombination.

Preparation of curcumin microemulsions with food-grade soybean oil/lecithin and their cytotoxicity on the HepG2 cell line.

The choice of surfactants and cosurfactants for preparation of oral formulation in microemulsions is limited. In this report, a curcumin-encapsulated phospholipids-based microemulsion (ME) using food-grade ingredients soybean oil and soybean lecithin to replace ethyl oleate and purified lecithin from our previous study was established and compared. The results indicated soybean oil is superior to ethyl oleate as the oil phase in curcumin microemulsion, as proven by the broadened microemulsion region with increasing range of surfactant/soybean oil ratio (approx.

Inhibitory effects of 1,3-bis-(2-substituted-phenyl)-propane-1,3-dione, β-diketone structural analogues of curcumin, on chemical-induced tumor promotion and inflammation in mouse skin.

Dibenzoylmethane (DBM), a β-diketone structural analogue of curcumin, has been reported to exhibit anti-tumorigenic and chemopreventive activities. Due to the structural resemblance of DBM to the anti-inflammatory curcumin and an aspirin-like skeleton of DBM derivatives, we tested the anti-inflammatory effects of DBM and its derivatives, 1,3-bis-(2-substituted-phenyl)-propane-1,3-dione, on 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced tumor promotion as well as TPA- and arachidonic acid-induced mouse ear edema in skin of CD-1 mice. Topical application of 10 μmol DBM together with TPA on the back of mice previously treated with 7,12-dimethylbenz[α]anthracene (DMBA) inhibited TPA-induced skin tumor promotion significantly.

Comparison of the antioxidant and transmembrane permeative activities of the different Polygonum cuspidatum extracts in phospholipid-based microemulsions.

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the transmembrane permeability of polyphenol-containing Polygonum cuspidatum extracts (PCE) encapsulated in phospholipid-based o/w microemulsion system. First, preparations of several PCEs using solid- or liquid-phase extraction or a combination of both, as well as evaluation of their antioxidant activities, were conducted and compared. In the antioxidant study, results indicated that PC-1 with the least extraction process exhibited the best antioxidant activity.

Enhancement of the encapsulation and transmembrane permeation of isoflavone-containing red clover extracts in phospholipid-based microemulsions using different extraction processes.

Several isoflavone-enriched red clover extracts (RCE) prepared by using solid- or liquid-phase extraction or a combination of both were studied for their encapsulation into a phospholipid-based microemulsion system. The optimization process with regard to the bioactive ingredient-encapsulated amounts and transmembrane efficiency of various RCE micelles was demonstrated. The results indicated that the encapsulated amounts of isoflavones in RCE-encapsulated microemulsions (ME) of ME-RC5, ME-RC6, and ME-RC7 were increased by >10-fold when compared with that of the raw red clover extracts.

Determination of the differential estrogenicity of isoflavonoids by E2-ER-ERE-dependent gene expression in recombinant yeast and MCF-7 human breast cancer cells.

The use of phytoestrogens-containing natural sources as alternative hormone replacement therapy (HRT) has been a subject of debate for decades. Development of assays to characterize these phytoestrogens is required. In this study, differential estrogenicities of five isoflavonoids found in red clover and soy, including biochanin A, daidzein, formononetin, genistein and glycitein were examined in a yeast-based screen system with a classical palindromic estrogen response element (ERE)-ADE2 reporter and in a MCF-7 cell culture system with mRNA levels of ER-dependent genes compared.

Telomere configuration influences the choice of telomere maintenance pathways.

Telomere maintenance is required for chromosome stability, and telomeres are typically replicated by the action of telomerase. In yeast cells that lack telomerase, telomeres are maintained by alternative type I and type II recombination mechanisms. Previous studies identified several proteins to control the choice between two types of recombinations.

Inhibition of estradiol-induced mammary proliferation by dibenzoylmethane through the E2-ER-ERE-dependent pathway.

The phytochemical dibenzoylmethane (DBM) has been shown to inhibit 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene induced mammary tumorigenesis in Sencar mice. However, the molecular basis of this activity is still elusive. In the present study, we demonstrated that DBM inhibits estradiol (E2)-induced incorporation of bromodeoxyuridine into mammary DNA in immature female Sencar mice by 52%, when 10 micromol of DBM was intraperitoneally injected into mice prior to the injection of E2.

Extrachromosomal telomeric circles contribute to Rad52-, Rad50-, and polymerase delta-mediated telomere-telomere recombination in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Telomere maintenance is required for chromosome stability, and telomeres are typically replicated by the telomerase reverse transcriptase. In both tumor and yeast cells that lack telomerase, telomeres are maintained by an alternative recombination mechanism. By using an in vivo inducible Cre-loxP system to generate and trace the fate of marked telomeric DNA-containing rings, the efficiency of telomere-telomere recombination can be determined quantitatively.

Involvement of replicative polymerases, Tel1p, Mec1p, Cdc13p, and the Ku complex in telomere-telomere recombination.

Telomere maintenance is required for chromosome stability, and telomeres are typically replicated by the action of the reverse transcriptase telomerase. In both tumor and yeast cells that lack telomerase, telomeres are maintained by an alternative recombination mechanism. Genetic studies have led to the identification of DNA polymerases, cell cycle checkpoint proteins, and telomere binding proteins involved in the telomerase pathway.