Semiconductor Performance Optimization on Quasi-Two-Dimensional BiO(SSe) through Monotonous Alloying.

Bismuth oxychalcogenides (BiOX, where X = S, Se, Te) have garnered significant attention recently due to their high electron mobility, air stability, and excellent photoelectric properties. Therefore, precise control and optimization over the properties of these novel quasi-2D materials are crucial for practical applications. In this study, we synthesize epitaxial films of BiO(S,Se) by the monotonous alloying of sulfur (S) and selenium (Se).

Ultrathin BiOSe/Si Heterojunction Photodetector with Tunneling Oxide Passivation for Enhanced Optoelectronic Performance.

Two-dimensional (2D) materials have garnered significant attention for next-generation optoelectronic devices due to their exceptional physical properties. This study introduces a high-performance ultrathin BiOSe/Si heterojunction photodetector with tunneling oxide passivation, fabricated using a transfer-free pulsed laser deposition method. The BiOSe layer exhibits strong air stability and compatibility for practical applications.

Overcoming the Leakage and Contact Resistance Challenges in Highly Scaled PMOS and NMOS Carbon Nanotube Transistors.

In this work, we address the off-state leakage current challenge, while simultaneously demonstrating high drive current per CNT, in NMOS and PMOS carbon nanotube field-effect transistors (CNFETs). Increasing the bandgap from 0.6 to 0.

HfO Memristor-Based Flexible Radio Frequency Switches.

Flexible and wearable electronics are experiencing rapid growth due to the increasing demand for multifunctional, lightweight, and portable devices. However, the growing demands of interactive applications driven by the rise of AI reveal the inadequate connectivity of current connection technologies. In this work, we successfully leverage memristive technology to develop a flexible radio frequency (RF) switch, optimized for 6G-compatible communication systems and adaptable to flexible applications.

Breaking the Trade-Off Between Mobility and On-Off Ratio in Oxide Transistors.

Amorphous oxide semiconductors (AOS) are pivotal for next-generation electronics due to their high electron mobility and excellent optical properties. However, InO, a key material in this family, encounters significant challenges in balancing high mobility and effective switching as its thickness is scaled down to nanometer dimensions. The high electron density in ultra-thin InO hinders its ability to turn off effectively, leading to a critical trade-off between mobility and the on-current (I)/off-current (I) ratio.

Zingerone Facilitates Apoptosis in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells by Inducing Autophagy.

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by high heterogenicity and aggressiveness and autophagy plays a complicated role in cancer development. Zingerone is reported to possess multiple pharmacological activities, including antitumors. This study explored the biological role and the relevant mechanisms of zingerone in TNBC.

Glucosamine inhibits myoblast proliferation and differentiation, and stimulates myotube atrophy through distinct signal pathways.

Glucosamine (GlcN) is one of the dietary supplements used in the treatment of osteoarthritis. Endogenously, GlcN is synthesized from glucose through the hexosamine pathway. In addition to ameliorating arthritis, several biological functions of GlcN have been reported, including insulin resistance in skeletal muscle.

Pelvic congestion syndrome analysis through quantitative 2-dimensional phase-contrast MRI: a promising vision from an observational cohort study.

Background: To examine the application of quantitative 2-dimensional phase-contrast MRI (2D PC-MRI) for treating patients with pelvic congestion syndrome (PCS).

Materials And Methods: The authors conducted a retrospective cross-sectional analysis by using quantitative 2D PC-MRI data enrolled between April 2017 and September 2023. In addition, 32 healthy female controls (HCs) were included.

Plasma proteome association with coronary heart disease and carotid intima media thickness: results from the KORA F4 study.

Background And Aims: Atherosclerosis is the main cause of stroke and coronary heart disease (CHD), both leading mortality causes worldwide. Proteomics, as a high-throughput method, could provide helpful insights into the pathological mechanisms underlying atherosclerosis. In this study, we characterized the associations of plasma protein levels with CHD and with carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), as a surrogate measure of atherosclerosis.

Endothelin-1 impairs skeletal muscle myogenesis and development via ETB receptors and p38 MAPK signaling pathway.

Myopenia is a condition marked by progressive decline of muscle mass and strength and is associated with aging or obesity. It poses the risk of falling, with potential bone fractures, thereby also increasing the burden on family and society. Skeletal muscle wasting is characterized by a reduced number of myoblasts, impaired muscle regeneration and increased muscle atrophy markers (Atrogin-1, MuRF-1).

NT-proBNP point-of-care testing for predicting mortality in end-stage renal disease: A survival analysis.

This study examines the predictive value of elevated N-terminal-pro brain natriuretic peptide (NT-pro BNP) levels for mortality among patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Data from 768 ESRD patients, excluding those with cancer or lost follow-up, were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards models over three years. Results indicated that patients with very high NT-pro BNP levels had shorter average survival times and a significantly higher risk of mortality (hazard ratio 1.

PSMS: A Deep Learning-Based Prediction System for Identifying New Psychoactive Substances Using Mass Spectrometry.

The rapid proliferation of new psychoactive substances (NPS) poses significant challenges to conventional mass-spectrometry-based identification methods due to the absence of reference spectra for these emerging substances. This paper introduces PSMS, an AI-powered predictive system designed specifically to address the limitations of identifying the emergence of unidentified novel illicit drugs. PSMS builds a synthetic NPS database by enumerating feasible derivatives of known substances and uses deep learning to generate mass spectra and chemical fingerprints.

Pressure and Skin: A Review of Disease Entities Driven or Influenced by Mechanical Pressure.

Skin perceives and reacts to external mechanical forces to create resistance against the external environment. Excessive or inappropriate stimuli of pressure may lead to cellular alterations of the skin and the development of both benign and malignant skin disorders. We conducted a comprehensive literature review to delve into the pressure-induced and aggravated skin disorders and their underlying pressure-related mechanisms.

High-performance monolayer MoSnanosheet GAA transistor.

In this article, a 0.7 nm thick monolayer MoSnanosheet gate-all-around field effect transistors (NS-GAAFETs) with conformal high-metal gate deposition are demonstrated. The device with 40 nm channel length exhibits a high on-state current density of ~410Amwith a large on/off ratio of 6 × 10at drain voltage = 1 V.

The Pressurized Skin: A Review on the Pathological Effect of Mechanical Pressure on the Skin from the Cellular Perspective.

Since human skin is the primary interface responding to external mechanical stimuli, extrinsic forces can disrupt its balanced microenvironment and lead to cutaneous lesions. We performed this review to delve into the pathological effects of mechanical pressure on skin from the cellular perspective. Fibroblasts of different subsets act as heterogeneous responders to mechanical load and express diverse functionalities.

The Relationship between Allergic Disease and Sexual Dysfunction: A Scoping Review.

Introduction: Sexual dysfunction (SD) and allergic disease are common health concerns worldwide and bear a potential relationship. This scoping review is conducted to analyze the currently available data regarding the associations between these two health issues.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed in the databases of PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and Web of Science to retrieve studies that were published before January 2023.

Quantitative two-dimensional phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging characterization of lower extremity venous disease: venous reflux versus venous obstruction.

Background: Lower extremity venous disease (LEVD) is a complex disorder, and determining the etiology of LEVD is paramount for treatment selection. Two-dimensional phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (2D PC-MRI) can provide an objective measure of hemodynamic status and may help differentiate between different etiologies of LEVD. A total of 271 participants, including 256 symptomatic patients with venous lower extremity disease and 15 healthy volunteers, were collected in this cohort study.

Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio as a Predictor of Cerebral Small Vessel Disease in a Geriatric Community: The I-Lan Longitudinal Aging Study.

Cerebral Small Vessel Disease (CSVD) frequently affects the elderly, with inflammation playing a crucial role in related health complications, including dementia, stroke, and SVD. Studies, including animal experiments, indicate a strong link between inflammation and SVD progression. The Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) serves as a possible biomarker for ongoing inflammatory risks.

Cysteine-cysteine Chemokine Receptor Type 5 Plays a Critical Role in Exercise Performance by Regulating Mitochondrial Content in Skeletal Muscle.

Cysteine-cysteine chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) is thought to play an important role in the trafficking of lymphoid cells but has recently also been associated with AMPK signaling pathways that are implicated in energy metabolism in skeletal muscle. We hypothesized that genetic deletions of CCR5 would alter mitochondria content and exercise performance in mice. CCR5 and wild-type mice with the same genetic background were subjected to endurance exercise and grip strength tests.

Clinical characteristics of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction patients with rare pathogenic variants in dilated cardiomyopathy-associated genes: A subgroup analysis of the PARADIGM-HF trial.

Aims: To evaluate the prevalence of pathogenic variants in genes associated with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) in a clinical trial population with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and describe the baseline characteristics by variant carrier status.

Methods And Results: This was a post hoc analysis of the Phase 3 PARADIGM-HF trial. Forty-four genes, divided into three tiers, based on definitive, moderate or limited evidence of association with DCM, were assessed for rare predicted loss-of-function (pLoF) variants, which were prioritized using ClinVar annotations, measures of gene transcriptional output and evolutionary constraint, and pLoF confidence predictions.

The Associations between Polysomnographic Parameters and Memory Impairment among Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A 10-Year Hospital-Based Longitudinal Study.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been associated with cognitive decline via several mechanisms, including intermittent hypoxemia, sleep fragmentation, and neuroinflammation. The neurological consequences of OSA have evolved into a major biopsychosocial concern in the elderly, especially memory impairment. We aimed to identify the polysomnographic (PSG) parameters capable of predicting memory impairment among OSA patients at or over age 50 with OSA.