Enhanced U-Net with Multi-Module Integration for High-Exposure-Difference Image Restoration.

Machine vision systems have become key unmanned vehicle (UAV) sensing systems. However, under different weather conditions, the lighting direction and the selection of exposure parameters often lead to insufficient or missing object features in images, which could fail to perform various tasks. As a result, images need to be restored to secure information that is accessible when facing a light exposure difference environment.

Development of an Online Adaptive Parameter Tuning vSLAM Algorithm for UAVs in GPS-Denied Environments.

In recent years, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have been applied in many fields owing to their mature flight control technology and easy-to-operate characteristics. No doubt, these UAV-related applications rely heavily on location information provided by the positioning system. Most UAVs nowadays use a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) to obtain location information.

QUAREP-LiMi: A community-driven initiative to establish guidelines for quality assessment and reproducibility for instruments and images in light microscopy.

A modern day light microscope has evolved from a tool devoted to making primarily empirical observations to what is now a sophisticated , quantitative device that is an integral part of both physical and life science research. Nowadays, microscopes are found in nearly every experimental laboratory. However, despite their prevalent use in capturing and quantifying scientific phenomena, neither a thorough understanding of the principles underlying quantitative imaging techniques nor appropriate knowledge of how to calibrate, operate and maintain microscopes can be taken for granted.

Familial retinal arteriolar tortuosity and quantification of vascular tortuosity using swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography.

Purpose: Familial retinal arteriolar tortuosity (FRAT) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder that is characterized by tortuosity of the second and higher order retinal arterioles. We implement swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA) to quantify vessel tortuosity in patients with FRAT. We hypothesize that patients with FRAT will have higher retinal arteriole tortuosity when compared to controls.

Optic Nerve Head Perfusion Before and After Intravitreal Antivascular Growth Factor Injections Using Optical Coherence Tomography-based Microangiography.

Purpose: To use optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) to evaluate the changes in optic nerve head perfusion following intravitreal antivascular endothelial growth factor injections.

Methods: Preinjection and postinjection intraocular pressure (IOP) and OCTA images were taken of both the injected and uninjected fellow eyes.

Results: Mean preinjection IOP was 16.

A Novel Strategy for Quantifying Choriocapillaris Flow Voids Using Swept-Source OCT Angiography.

Purpose: To achieve reproducible imaging of the choriocapillaris and associated flow voids using swept-source OCT angiography (SS-OCTA).

Methods: Subjects were enrolled and SS-OCTA was performed using the 3 × 3 mm scan pattern. Blood flow was identified using the complex optical microangiography (OMAG) algorithm.

Complex signal-based optical coherence tomography angiography enables in vivo visualization of choriocapillaris in human choroid.

The choriocapillaris (CC) plays an essential role in maintaining the normal functions of the human eye. There is increasing interest in the community to develop an imaging technique for visualizing the CC, yet this remains underexplored due to technical limitations. We propose an approach for the visualization of the CC in humans via a complex signal-based optical microangiography (OMAG) algorithm, based on commercially available spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).

Comparison of Neovascular Lesion Area Measurements From Different Swept-Source OCT Angiographic Scan Patterns in Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Purpose: We compared area measurements for the same neovascular lesions imaged using swept source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA) and enlarging scan patterns.

Methods: Patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration were imaged using a 100-kHz SS-OCTA instrument (PLEX Elite 9000). The scanning protocols included the 3 × 3, 6 × 6, 9 × 9, and 12 × 12 mm fields of view.

Natural History of Subclinical Neovascularization in Nonexudative Age-Related Macular Degeneration Using Swept-Source OCT Angiography.

Purpose: Swept-source (SS) OCT angiography (OCTA) was used to determine the prevalence, incidence, and natural history of subclinical macular neovascularization (MNV) in eyes with nonexudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Design: Prospective, observational, consecutive case series.

Participants: Patients with intermediate AMD (iAMD) or geographic atrophy (GA) secondary to nonexudative AMD in 1 eye and exudative AMD in the fellow eye.

A QRS Detection and R Point Recognition Method for Wearable Single-Lead ECG Devices.

In the new-generation wearable Electrocardiogram (ECG) system, signal processing with low power consumption is required to transmit data when detecting dangerous rhythms and to record signals when detecting abnormal rhythms. The QRS complex is a combination of three of the graphic deflection seen on a typical ECG. This study proposes a real-time QRS detection and R point recognition method with low computational complexity while maintaining a high accuracy.

Optical coherence tomography angiography: A comprehensive review of current methods and clinical applications.

OCT has revolutionized the practice of ophthalmology over the past 10-20 years. Advances in OCT technology have allowed for the creation of novel OCT-based methods. OCT-Angiography (OCTA) is one such method that has rapidly gained clinical acceptance since it was approved by the FDA in late 2016.

The facial expression of schizophrenic patients applied with infrared thermal facial image sequence.

Background: Schizophrenia is a neurological disease characterized by alterations to patients' cognitive functions and emotional expressions. Relevant studies often use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain to explore structural differences and responsiveness within brain regions. However, as this technique is expensive and commonly induces claustrophobia, it is frequently refused by patients.

Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Vascular Microcirculation in Eyes With Glaucoma and Single-Hemifield Visual Field Loss.

Importance: Understanding the differences in vascular microcirculation of the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) between the hemispheres in eyes with glaucoma with single-hemifield visual field (VF) defects may provide insight into the pathophysiology of glaucoma.

Objective: To investigate the changes in the microcirculation of the peripapillary RNFL of eyes with glaucoma by using optical microangiography.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Eyes with glaucoma and single-hemifield VF defect and normal eyes underwent scanning using an optical microangiography system covering a 6.

Retinal and choroidal vascular features in patients with retinitis pigmentosa imaged by OCT based microangiography.

Purpose: To image vascular features of retinitis pigmentosa (RP) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods: Patients with RP were imaged by spectral domain optical coherence tomography based angiography (OCTA). The optical microangiography (OMAG) algorithm was applied to scanned datasets to generate 3D OCTA retinal angiograms, i.

Signal Normalization Reduces Image Appearance Disparity Among Multiple Optical Coherence Tomography Devices.

Purpose: To assess the effect of the previously reported optical coherence tomography (OCT) signal normalization method on reducing the discrepancies in image appearance among spectral-domain OCT (SD-OCT) devices.

Methods: Healthy eyes and eyes with various retinal pathologies were scanned at the macular region using similar volumetric scan patterns with at least two out of three SD-OCT devices at the same visit (Cirrus HD-OCT, Zeiss, Dublin, CA; RTVue, Optovue, Fremont, CA; and Spectralis, Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany). All the images were processed with the signal normalization.

Automated Quantitation of Choroidal Neovascularization: A Comparison Study Between Spectral-Domain and Swept-Source OCT Angiograms.

Purpose: To compare the lesion sizes of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) imaged with spectral-domain (SD) and swept-source (SS) optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and measured using an automated detection algorithm.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with CNV were imaged by SD-OCTA and SS-OCTA systems using 3 × 3-mm and 6 × 6-mm scans. The complex optical microangiography (OMAGC) algorithm was used to generate the OCTA images.

Comparison Between Spectral-Domain and Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiographic Imaging of Choroidal Neovascularization.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare imaging of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) using swept-source (SS) and spectral-domain (SD) optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods: Optical coherence tomography angiography was performed using a 100-kHz SS-OCT instrument and a 68-kHz SD-OCTA instrument (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc.).

Optical coherence tomography based angiography [Invited].

Optical coherence tomography (OCT)-based angiography (OCTA) provides , three-dimensional vascular information by the use of flowing red blood cells as intrinsic contrast agents, enabling the visualization of functional vessel networks within microcirculatory tissue beds non-invasively, without a need of dye injection. Because of these attributes, OCTA has been rapidly translated to clinical ophthalmology within a short period of time in the development. Various OCTA algorithms have been developed to detect the functional micro-vasculatures by utilizing different components of OCT signals, including phase-signal-based OCTA, intensity-signal-based OCTA and complex-signal-based OCTA.

Characterizing relationship between optical microangiography signals and capillary flow using microfluidic channels.

Optical microangiography (OMAG) is a powerful optical angio-graphic tool to visualize micro-vascular flow in vivo. Despite numerous demonstrations for the past several years of the qualitative relationship between OMAG and flow, no convincing quantitative relationship has been proven. In this paper, we attempt to quantitatively correlate the OMAG signal with flow.

Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Vascular Microcirculation in Glaucoma Using Optical Coherence Tomography-Based Microangiography.

Purpose: To investigate the vascular microcirculation changes in the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) in normal, glaucoma suspect, and open-angle glaucoma (OAG) groups using optical coherence tomography-based microangiography (OMAG).

Methods: One eye from each subject was scanned with a Cirrus HD-OCT 5000-based OMAG prototype system montage scanning protocol centered at the optic nerve head (ONH). Blood flow signals were extracted using OMAG algorithm.

Optic Nerve Head Measurements With Optical Coherence Tomography: A Phantom-Based Study Reveals Differences Among Clinical Devices.

Purpose: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) can monitor for glaucoma by measuring dimensions of the optic nerve head (ONH) cup and disc. Multiple clinical studies have shown that different OCT devices yield different estimates of retinal dimensions. We developed phantoms mimicking ONH morphology as a new way to compare ONH measurements from different clinical OCT devices.

Quantitative assessment of the retinal microvasculature using optical coherence tomography angiography.

Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is clinically useful for the qualitative assessment of the macular microvasculature. However, there is a need for comprehensive quantitative tools to help objectively analyze the OCT angiograms. Few studies have reported the use of a single quantitative index to describe vessel density in OCT angiograms.

Repeatability and reproducibility of optic nerve head perfusion measurements using optical coherence tomography angiography.

Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) has increasingly become a clinically useful technique in ophthalmic imaging. We evaluate the repeatability and reproducibility of blood perfusion in the optic nerve head (ONH) measured using optical microangiography (OMAG)-based OCTA. Ten eyes from 10 healthy volunteers are recruited and scanned three times with a 68-kHz Cirrus HD-OCT 5000-based OMAG prototype system (Carl Zeiss Meditec Inc.

Optic nerve head perfusion in normal eyes and eyes with glaucoma using optical coherence tomography-based microangiography.

Background: To investigate the differences of perfusion in the optic nerve head (ONH) between normal and glaucomatous eyes using optical microangiography (OMAG) based optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography technique.

Methods: One eye from each subject was scanned with a 68 kHz Cirrus 5000 HD-OCT-based OMAG prototype system centered at the ONH (Carl Zeiss Meditec Inc, Dublin, CA, USA). Microvascular images were generated from the OMAG dataset by detecting the differences in OCT signal between consecutive B-scans.

Wide-field optical coherence tomography angiography enabled by two repeated measurements of B-scans.

Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) has increasingly become clinically important, particularly in ophthalmology. However, the field of view (FOV) for current OCTA imaging is severely limited due to A-scan rates that can be afforded by current clinical systems and, more importantly, the requirement of a repeated scanning protocol. This Letter evaluates the possibility of using only two repeated B-scans for OCTA for the purpose of an increased FOV.