Impact of Tracheotomy and Its Timing on Outcomes in Pediatric Patients with Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation: A Multicenter Study in China.

Introduction: To assess the impact of tracheotomy and its timing on outcomes in pediatric patients with prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV).

Methods: This is a multicenter retrospective study based on patients across eleven PICUs in China from 2017 to 2022. Inclusion criteria encompassed patients aged between 29 days and 18 years who necessitated prolonged mechanical ventilation more than 6 hours per day for at least 21 days.

A computer-driven ventilator liberation protocol in pediatric patients: a single-center pilot randomized controlled trial.

Objective: Timely liberation from invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) is important. We aimed to determine the feasibility of our study protocol for the conduction of a larger prospective trial to examine the utility of a computer-driven liberation protocol in pediatric patients.

Design: Single-center pilot randomized controlled trial.

A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Study on Pharmacokinetic-Guided Vancomycin Use in Children With Severe Infections.

This study is a multicenter, randomized controlled prospective trial aimed at evaluating the effects of two vancomycin pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) parameters on clinical outcomes in children with different severe infections: trough concentration (C) and the area under the curve (AUC/MIC). From January 2023 to December 2024, 472 pediatric patients from seven hospitals in Southwest China were included in the present study. These patients were randomly assigned to the AUC/MIC group or the C group.

Perioperative hemodynamic parameters monitored by three noninvasive technologies in children with congenital heart disease: A prospective study.

This study aims to compare the efficiencies of three noninvasive technologies in monitoring the perioperative hemodynamics of children with congenital heart disease (CHD) including ventricular septal defects with or without atrial septal defects. Three noninvasive technologies included transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), electrical cardiometry (EC), and vasoactive inotropic score (VIS). Parameters included left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and cardiac index (cardiac index monitored by ultrasound, uCI) in TTE, cardiac index (cardiac index monitored by electrical cardiometry, eCI) and systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI) in EC, and VIS.

Harnessing Disorder for High-Performance Solid-State Electrolytes.

Solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) have emerged as transformative alternatives to traditional liquid electrolytes, addressing critical challenges while enabling safer, wider operational voltage windows and higher density batteries. High ionic conductivity inorganic solid-state electrolytes (HC-ISEs), such as LGPS (LiGePS), exhibit exceptional ionic conductivity but suffer from interfacial instability, grain boundaries resistance, poor compatibility with lithium metal anodes, and environmental sensitivity. Recent studies have revealed that engineered disorder, through cationic site disordering, amorphous phase integration, and glass-ceramic structural irregularities, can optimize ion diffusion pathways, mitigate interfacial resistance, and enhance electrochemical stability.

Endobronchial blocker and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation use for lung abscess complicated by a bronchopleural fistula in a pediatric patient: a case report and literature review.

Background: A lung abscess is a thick-walled cavity containing purulent material that results from pulmonary infection. It is an uncommon condition that can occur at any age. Bronchopleural fistula (BPF) is a severe complication with a poor prognosis that may arise with the progression of the condition or as a result of treatment.

Molecular Dynamics Investigation of Ca Carbonation in NH -Cl-H O Systems.

The steelmaking industry confronts dual challenges of CO emission mitigation and steel slag (SS) utilization. A promising strategy lies in the synergistic waste treatment through Ca extraction from SS for subsequent CO sequestration. Ammonium chloride (NHCl) solution has become an effective leaching medium due to its optimal acidity and recyclability.

Risk factors for mortality in children with moderate-to-severe ARDS with concurrent hematological or immune-related diseases: a retrospective analysis.

Background: As a heterogeneous syndrome, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) patients with comorbidities are significantly more severely ill. We aim to investigate the clinical characteristics and analyze the risk factors for mortality in children with moderate-to-severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) who also have concurrent hematological or immune-related diseases.

Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted from September 2020 to May 2022 in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) at Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (Chongqing, China).

Clinical features of HAdV-55 in children with respiratory tract infections: a retrospective case series and literature review.

Background: Human adenovirus type 55 (HAdV-55) can lead to acute respiratory diseases, significant morbidity, and mortality in children.

Methods: Hospitalized children diagnosed with HAdV-55 between September 2016 and March 2024 at the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were retrospectively analyzed. HAdV-55 was detected through polymerase chain reaction and sequencing.

Clinical diagnosis, treatment, and genetic analysis of adolescent onset holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency and cobalamin C deficiency: A case report and literature review.

Background: Holocarboxylase Synthetase Deficiency (HCSD) is an uncommon autosomal recessive genetic disorder that manifests with symptoms such as metabolic acidosis, lethargy, hypotonia, seizures, and persistent rashes, typically emerging during infancy. The HLCS gene has been identified as the source of pathogenic mutations associated with this condition. Cobalamin C (cblC) deficiency is another rare autosomal recessive disorder resulting from defects in cobalamin metabolism, attributable to mutations in the MMACHC gene.

Impact of enteral nutrition initiated within 24 h of ECMO on nutritional status and inflammatory response in children.

Objective: Malnutrition remains a significant issue in children undergoing ECMO. This study aimed to investigate the effects of initiating enteral nutrition (EN) within 24 h on the adequacy of nutrient intake, nutritional status, anabolic metabolism, and inflammatory markers in children receiving ECMO.

Methods: This was a prospective observational cohort study, including children receiving ECMO therapy at the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University of China from April 2018 to August 2024.

Lan-Qin oral liquid alleviates influenza A virus-induced acute lung injury by regulating monocyte-derived macrophages and TLR4-PI3K-AKT-NF-κB signal pathways.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Lan-Qin oral liquid (LQ), a combined traditional Chinese medicine preparation originated from Huang-Lian-Jie-Du decoction recorded in classical book of "The Handbook of Prescriptions for Emergencies", possesses remarkable efficacy in treating influenza. However, its pharmacological mechanism against influenza is still unclear, restricting its clinical applications.

Aim Of The Study: This work aimed to explore the effects and mechanism of LQ against influenza virus-induced acute lung injury (ALI).

Thoracic fluid content as a novel and rapid diagnostic indicator of secondary capillary leak syndrome in pediatric patients post-cardiopulmonary bypass.

Objective: Capillary leak syndrome (CLS) is an urgent problem in postoperative patients, is challenging to diagnose early, and has a poor prognosis. We investigated a quick and convenient diagnostic indicator of secondary CLS in children after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).

Methods: We conducted this single-center, observational, prospective study in the Department of Critical Care Medicine at the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University.

Utilization of ECMO with fiberoptic bronchoscopy for pediatric patients with lethal pulmonary hemorrhage unresponsive to conventional mechanical ventilation.

Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) combined with fiberoptic bronchoscopy in children with life-threatening pulmonary hemorrhage that does not respond to conventional mechanical ventilation.

Methods: From October 2019 to June 2022, four pediatric patients with life-threatening pulmonary hemorrhage requiring ECMO support were admitted to our hospital. Based on their weight and vascular conditions, either venoarterial (VA)-ECMO or venovenous (VV)-ECMO was selected.

Nutritional therapy for MRSA sepsis complicated with pulmonary embolism in children under limited energy and nutrient conditions: a case report.

The nutritional treatment of methicillin-resistant sepsis combined with pulmonary embolism presents considerable challenges due to the risks associated with tube placement, coagulation disorders, severe infections, digestive limitations, and fluid restrictions in pediatric patients. This report discusses the case of an approximately 13-year-old female patient admitted with symptoms of right lower limb pain, fever, and cough accompanied by shortness of breath. The patient was assessed to be at moderate risk of malnutrition.

Combination of Metabolite Analysis and Network Pharmacology to Explore the Potential Anticough Mechanism of Protopine-A Marker in Zhi-Ke-Bao Tablets.

Rationale: Protopine, an active alkaloid in Papaver somniferum L., was abundant in a well-known anticough traditional Chinese medicine preparation-Zhi-Ke-Bao tablets. Till now, the metabolism feature and anticough mechanism of protopine have not been fully elucidated, restricting its further development.

Sophorae tonkinensis radix et rhizoma: A comprehensive review of the ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, toxicology and detoxification strategy.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Sophorae tonkinensis Radix et Rhizoma (STR), the dried root and rhizome of Sophora tonkinensis Gagnep., is commonly used in the treatment of tonsillitis and pharyngitis, throat soreness and throat obstruction, swelling and aching of gum, etc. in China or other Asian countries.

Comparing the clinical characteristics and outcomes of septic shock children with and without malignancies: a retrospective cohort study.

Objective: There is an amelioration in mortality rates of septic shock patients with malignancies over time, but it remains uncertain in children. Therefore, the authors endeavored to compare the clinical characteristics, treatment needs, and outcomes of septic shock children with or without malignancies.

Methods: The authors retrospectively analyzed the data of children admitted to the PICU due to septic shock from January 2015 to December 2022 in a tertiary pediatric hospital.

Advancements in the physiopathological study of acupuncture treatment for insomnia: A review.

Insomnia is a common sleep disorder that significantly impacts an individual's psychological and physical health, characterized by persistent difficulties in falling asleep, decreased sleep quality, and impaired daytime functioning. Traditional treatment approaches primarily rely on pharmacotherapy and behavioral therapy, yet not all patients benefit from these methods, and they often come with certain side effects. Thus, identifying safe and effective alternative or adjunctive treatments is of paramount importance.

Incidence, outcome, and prognostic factors of prolonged mechanical ventilation among children in Chinese mainland: a multi-center survey.

Objective: To evaluate the incidence, outcome, and prognostic factors of prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV) in children in Mainland China.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted in 11 pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) from May 1, 2021, to April 30, 2022. All pediatric patients on mechanical ventilation meeting the criteria for PMV were included in the study.