Modulating thermal conductance at ligand/nanocrystal interfaces oxygen-coordinated ligands.

The interfacial thermal conductance () between a cadmium selenide (CdSe) nanocrystal (NC) and three related organic ligands-olealdehyde, oleyl alcohol, and oleic acid-was investigated computationally. These ligands have the same carbon backbone but differ in the number and type of oxygen-coordinated headgroups (carbonyl and/or hydroxyl), leading to distinct bonding geometries involving monodentate and bidentate bonds. For a fully encapsulated NC, increases in the order of olealdehyde, oleic acid, and oleyl alcohol ligands.

Large Anisotropy of Thermal Conductivity in Oriented Cellulose-Clay Composites.

This study characterized the anisotropic thermal conductivity of clay/cellulose nanocomposites, an eco-friendly functional flame-retardant material exhibiting excellent mechanical properties, gas barrier properties, and biodegradability. Thermal conductivity anisotropy is important for flame-retardant materials. Low thermal conductivity in the through-thickness direction serves as a thermal barrier, whereas high thermal conductivity in the in-plane direction prevents local heat accumulation.

[Modified Lemaire procedure in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with highly positive pivot shift test].

Objective: To explore the effectiveness of the modified Lemaire procedure in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) in patients with a highly positive pivot shift test.

Methods: The clinical data of 18 patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture and highly positive pivot shift test between April 2020 and September 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 13 males and 5 females with an average age of 28.

LncRNA EMBP1 sponges miR-454-3p to upregulate IRF1 and activate NLRP3-mediated chondrocyte pyroptosis to drive osteoarthritis progression.

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative joint disease worldwide. Studies have confirmed that pyroptosis is closely associated with the OA onset and progression, particularly via the classical pathway mediated by the NLRP3 inflammasome. However, the intrinsic regulatory mechanisms underlying pyroptosis in OA remain unclear.

Giant Enhancement of Hole Mobility for 4H-Silicon Carbide through Suppressing Interband Electron-Phonon Scattering.

4H-silicon carbide (4H-SiC) possesses a high Baliga figure of merit, making it a promising material for power electronics. However, its applications are limited by low hole mobility. Herein, we found that the hole mobility of 4H-SiC is mainly limited by the strong interband electron-phonon scattering using mode-level first-principles calculations.

Local Application of Tanshinone IIA protects mesenchymal stem cells from apoptosis and promotes fracture healing in ovariectomized mice.

Background: Elderly patients suffering from osteoporotic fractures are more susceptible to delayed union or nonunion, and their bodies then are in a state of low-grade chronic inflammation with decreased antioxidant capacity. Tanshinone IIA is widely used in treating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in China and has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. We aimed to observe the antioxidant effects of Tanshinone IIA on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which play important roles in bone repair, and the effects of local application of Tanshinone IIA using an injectable biodegradable hydrogel on osteoporotic fracture healing.

One Stone Two Birds: Anomalously Enhancing the Cross-Plane and In-Plane Heat Transfer in 2D/3D Heterostructures by Defects Engineering.

This study addresses a crucial challenge in two-dimensional (2D) material-based electronic devices-inefficient heat dissipation across the van der Waals (vdW) interface connecting the 2D material to its three-dimensional (3D) substrate. The objective is to enhance the interfacial thermal conductance (ITC) of 2D/3D heterostructures without compromising the intrinsic thermal conductivities (κ) of 2D materials. Using 2D-MoS/3D-GaN as an example, a novel strategy to enhance both the ITC across 2D/3D interface and κ of 2D material is proposed by introducing a controlled concentration (ρ) of vacancy defects to substrate's bottom surface.

Bioinformatics and Integrative Experimental Method to Identifying and Validating Co-Expressed Ferroptosis-Related Genes in OA Articular Cartilage and Synovium.

Purpose: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease worldwide and is the primary cause of disability and chronic pain in older adults.Ferroptosis is a type of programmed cell death characterized by aberrant iron metabolism and reactive oxygen species accumulation; however, its role in OA is not known.

Methods: To identify ferroptosis markers co-expressed in articular cartilage and synovium samples from patients with OA, in silico analysis was performed.

Structure-Based Design and Evaluation of Reversible KRAS G13D Inhibitors.

Oncogenic mutations were identified decades ago, yet the selective inhibition of specific KRAS mutant proteins represents an ongoing challenge. Recent progress has been made in targeting certain P-loop mutant proteins, in particular KRAS G12C, for which the covalent inhibition of the GDP state via the Switch II pocket is now a clinically validated strategy. Inhibition of other KRAS mutant proteins such as KRAS G13D, on the other hand, still requires clinical validation.

Nomogram for predicting venous thromboembolism after spinal surgery.

Purpose: This study aimed to establish a nomogram to predict the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), identifying potential risk factors, and providing theoretical basis for prevention of VTE after spinal surgery.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 2754 patients who underwent spinal surgery. The general characteristics of the training group were initially screened using univariate logistic analysis, and the LASSO method was used for optimal prediction.

Investigating anorectal function using postoperative MRI-based fibrosis score in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer receiving neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy: a two-center study.

Purpose: This study aimed to develop a postoperative MRI-based fibrosis scoring system and to assess its correlation with anorectal function in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) cases administered neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT).

Methods: Pathologically confirmed LARC cases administered nCRT and radical resection were assessed retrospectively. Based on postoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, anastomotic fibrosis score (AFS) and perirectal fibrosis score (PFS) were determined to evaluate the extent of fibrosis.

Dual-Nozzle 3D Printed Nano-Hydroxyapatite Scaffold Loaded with Vancomycin Sustained-Release Microspheres for Enhancing Bone Regeneration.

Background: Successful treatment of infectious bone defect remains a major challenge in the orthopaedic field. At present, the conventional treatment for infectious bone defects is surgical debridement and long-term systemic antibiotic use. It is necessary to develop a new strategy to achieve effective bone regeneration and local anti-infection for infectious bone defects.

Trichoderma-amended biofertilizer stimulates soil resident Aspergillus population for joint plant growth promotion.

Application of plant growth-promoting microbes (PGPMs) can contribute to sustainable agricultural ecosystems. From a three-year field experiment, we already found that the addition of Trichoderma bio-organic fertilizer (BF) significantly improved crop growth and yield compared to the application of organic fertilizer (OF). Here, we tracked the responses of soil bacterial and fungal communities to these treatments to find the key soil microbial taxa that contribute to the crop yield enhancement.

Extensive Spinal Epidural Abscess Resulting in Complete Paraplegia Treated by Selective Laminectomies and Irrigation.

Background: Spinal epidural abscess (SEA) is an uncommon clinical entity that is often subject to delayed diagnosis and suboptimal treatment. Untreated disease leads to compression of the spinal cord, resulting in devastating complications.

Case Presentation: A 56-year-old man visited our hospital for progressive lower back and lower extremity pain of several days' duration.

Anomalously Isotropic Electron Transport and Weak Electron-Phonon Interactions in Hexagonal Noble Metals.

The electrical transport properties of typical hexagonal metals are anisotropic because of their anisotropic lattice structures. Unexpectedly, we show that the electron transport properties in hexagonal close-packed () noble metals are almost isotropic. Although the electron transport properties of an individual electronic band are highly anisotropic, the total contributions are almost equal in different crystalline orientations because of the complementary contributions of different bands.

Retropharyngeal Reduction Plate for Atlantoaxial Dislocation: A Cadaveric Test and Morphometric Trajectory Analysis.

Objective: To evaluate the placement feasibility and safety of the newly designed retropharyngeal reduction plate by cadaveric test and to perform morphometric trajectory analysis.

Methods: The five cadaveric specimens with intact atlantoaxial joint were enrolled in this study. They were used for simulating the placement process and evaluating the placement feasibility of the retropharyngeal reduction plate.

Establishment of an Autophagy-Related Clinical Prognosis Model for Predicting the Overall Survival of Osteosarcoma.

Purpose: Osteosarcoma is the most common primary and highly invasive bone tumor in children and adolescents. The purpose of this study is to construct a multi-gene expression feature related to autophagy, which can be used to predict the prognosis of patients with osteosarcoma. The clinical and gene expression data of patients with osteosarcoma were obtained from the target database.

Changes in macrophage and inflammatory cytokine expressions during fracture healing in an ovariectomized mice model.

Background: Macrophages and inflammatory cytokines play important roles in bone fracture healing. However, the expression patterns of macrophages and inflammatory cytokines during fracture healing under the condition of postmenopausal osteoporosis have not been fully revealed.

Methods: Tibia transverse fracture was established 12 weeks after ovariectomy or sham operation in 16-week old female mice.

Weaker bonding can give larger thermal conductance at highly mismatched interfaces.

Thermal boundary conductance is typically positively correlated with interfacial adhesion at the interface. Here, we demonstrate a counterintuitive experimental result in which a weak van der Waals interface can give a higher thermal boundary conductance than a strong covalently bonded interface. This occurs in a system with highly mismatched vibrational frequencies (copper/diamond) modified by a self-assembled monolayer.

Nanoconfinement between Graphene Walls Suppresses the Near-Wall Diffusion of the Ionic Liquid [BMIM][PF].

We identify two distinct regimes for the diffusion of the ionic liquid [BMIM][PF] confined between parallel graphene walls using molecular dynamics simulations. Within 2 nm of the wall, the cations and anions form a well-defined layered structure. In this region, the in-plane diffusion coefficients are suppressed when compared to their bulk values and increase monotonically with the distance away from the wall.