Hemodynamic disturbance and mTORC1 activation: Unveiling the biomechanical pathogenesis of thoracic aortic aneurysms in Marfan syndrome.

Thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) significantly endangers the lives of individuals with Marfan syndrome (MFS), yet the intricacies of their biomechanical origins remain elusive. Our investigation delves into the pivotal role of hemodynamic disturbance in the pathogenesis of TAA, with a particular emphasis on the mechanistic contributions of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling cascade. We uncovered that activation of the mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) within smooth muscle cells, instigated by the oscillatory wall shear stress (OSS) that stems from disturbed flow (DF), is a catalyst for TAA progression.

Short-term disruption of TGF-β signaling in adult mice renders the aorta vulnerable to hypertension-induced dissection.

Hypertension and transient increases in blood pressure from extreme exertion are risk factors for aortic dissection in patients with age-related vascular degeneration or inherited connective tissue disorders. Yet, a common experimental model of angiotensin II-induced aortopathy in mice appears independent of high blood pressure, as lesions do not occur in response to an alternative vasoconstrictor, norepinephrine, and are not prevented by cotreatment with a vasodilator, hydralazine. We investigated vasoconstrictor administration to adult mice following 1 week of disrupted TGF-β signaling in smooth muscle cells (SMCs).

Management of Isolated Abdominal Aortic Dissection: Indications and Strategies for Treatment.

Background: The aim of this paper was to report our experience in the management of isolated abdominal aortic dissection with endovascular aortic repair and conservative treatment.

Methods: A cohort of 22 consecutive patients with isolated abdominal aortic dissection was treated between January 2016 and December 2021. We reviewed the demographics, clinical features, therapeutic modalities and follow-up results.

Endovascular Repair for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm in Mainland China: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety, applicability, and outcomes of the endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) technique for patients in mainland China with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) by performing a systematic review.

Methods: We conducted a systematic search using the PubMed, Embase, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Chinese Biomedical databases to identify Chinese studies on the management of AAAs using the EVAR technique published in English between January 2000 and December 2020. Two independent observers selected studies for inclusion in the study, assessed the methodological quality of the included studies, and extracted the data.

mTOR inhibition prevents angiotensin II-induced aortic rupture and pseudoaneurysm but promotes dissection in Apoe-deficient mice.

Aortic dissection and rupture are triggered by decreased vascular wall strength and/or increased mechanical loads. We investigated the role of mTOR signaling in aortopathy using a well-described model of angiotensin II-induced dissection, aneurysm, or rupture of the suprarenal abdominal aorta in Apoe-deficient mice. Although not widely appreciated, nonlethal hemorrhagic lesions present as pseudoaneurysms without significant dissection in this model.

Mid-term Efficacy and Safety of Drug-coated Balloon versus Nitinol Bare Metal Stent for Primary Lesions in Femoropopliteal Artery Disease.

Objectives: To compare drug-coated balloon (DCB) and bare metal stent (BMS) for primary lesions in femoropopliteal artery disease in Chinese population and to make subgroup analysis between the groups.

Methods: Patients with primary lesions who underwent BMS or DCB treatment of a single tertiary vascular center were included and followed up for 24 months. Clinical and anatomic status were reported using the criteria recommended by the Society for Vascular Surgery.

Endovascular In Situ Fenestration Technique of Aortic Arch Pathology: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety, applicability and outcomes of the endovascular in situ fenestration (ISF) technique for patients with aortic arch pathologies by performing a systematic review.

Methods: We conducted a systematic search using the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases to identify English language articles between January 2004 and March 2019 on the management of aortic arch pathologies using an in situ fenestration technique. Two independent observers selected studies for inclusion in the study, assessed the methodological quality of the included studies, and extracted the data.

Chronic mTOR activation induces a degradative smooth muscle cell phenotype.

Smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation has been thought to limit the progression of thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection (TAAD) because loss of medial cells associates with advanced disease. We investigated effects of SMC proliferation in the aortic media by conditional disruption of Tsc1, which hyperactivates mTOR complex 1. Consequent SMC hyperplasia led to progressive medial degeneration and TAAD.

Retroperitoneal Castleman Disease Invading Iliac Vein and Inferior Vena Cava Treated by Tumorectomy with Vascular Repair: A Case Report.

Unicentric Castleman disease, a rare lymphoproliferative disorder, is always known as a solitary, well-defined lymph node enlargement. We reported an extraordinary case of retroperitoneal Castleman disease, which invades wall of right iliac vein and inferior vena cava, treated successfully by tumorectomy with vascular repair.

Engineering of human brain organoids with a functional vascular-like system.

Human cortical organoids (hCOs), derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), provide a platform to study human brain development and diseases in complex three-dimensional tissue. However, current hCOs lack microvasculature, resulting in limited oxygen and nutrient delivery to the inner-most parts of hCOs. We engineered hESCs to ectopically express human ETS variant 2 (ETV2).

Rapamycin attenuates a murine model of thoracic aortic aneurysm by downregulating the miR-126-3p mediated activation of MAPK/ERK signalling pathway.

Thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) is fatal diseases, which leads to aortic rupture and sudden death. Blood pressure-lowering drugs are ineffective for most of the patients. Our previous study demonstrated the inhibition of endothelial secreted miR-126-3p by rapamycin ameliorate the aneurysmal phenotype of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in vitro.

[Endovascular repair of an iliac artery aneurysm after endovascular aneurysm repair with handmade iliac branch device: a case report].

An involved internal iliac artery is usually embolized when performing endovascular aneurysm repair for aortoiliac or isolated iliac artery aneurysm.This can lead to complications such as buttock claudication,colon ischaemia and erectile dysfunction.Iliac branch device (IBD) is an endograft designed specifically for iliac bifurcation to preserve internal iliac flow.

[Endovascular treatment of a rare type of aortic arch aneurysm derived from the fourth aortic arch].

Objective: To report a rare type of aortic arch aneurysm.

Methods: Three cases of aortic arch aneurysm derived from the fourth aortic arch were retrospectively analyzed. The pathogenesis and treatment of this type of aortic arch aneurysm were investigated.

New approach to dilation of stenotic lesions through the accessory hepatic vein in Budd-Chiari syndrome.

We investigated a new approach to dilation of stenotic lesions through the femoral vein-accessory hepatic vein-intrahepatic communicating branched vein-hepatic vein-inferior vena cava loop in two cases of Budd-Chiari syndrome. For some selected patients, this approach represents an additional method to increase technical success and to decrease complications.

[Diagnosis and surgical treatment results of angio-Behçet syndrome: an analysis of 26 patients].

Objective: To analyze the diagnosis and surgical treatment results of angio-Behçet syndrome.

Methods: The clinical data of pre-operation diagnosis, surgical treatment methods and prospective efficacy of 26 patients who were diagnosed as Behçet syndrome between January 2003 and April 2011 was analyzed retrospectively. There were 23 male and 3 female patients, aging from 20 to 76 years with a mean of (37 ± 6) years.