Serum proteomes and their prognostic values in sepsis patients admitted to a medical intensive care unit: a single-center study using SWATH-MS proteomics.

Background: Recent developments in proteomics suggest opportunities to understand the pathophysiological heterogeneity of sepsis and provide precision medicine tailored to individual patients. This study aims to evaluate the serum proteomic profiles of patients with sepsis using Sequential Window Acquisition of All Theoretical Mass Spectra proteomics and identify novel biomarkers for assessing sepsis severity and predicting patient outcomes in the ICU.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 217 adult patients diagnosed with bacterial sepsis who were admitted to a medical ICU at a single tertiary hospital between January 2011 and January 2020, along with 292 healthy controls.

Optimal time and volume of fluid resuscitation in patients with sepsis: a nationwide multicenter cohort study.

The optimal fluid resuscitation strategy for managing sepsis remains unknown. We aimed to examine the independent and joint associations of infusion time and volume of fluid resuscitation on mortality in patients with sepsis. We analyzed adult patients with sepsis who received > 20 mL/kg of fluid for initial resuscitation within 6 h after the start of fluid resuscitation from prospectively collected nationwide data at 15 hospitals in South Korea between September 2019 and December 2022.

Endotracheal aspirate as an alternative to bronchoalveolar lavage fluid for the diagnosis of Pneumocystis pneumonia by real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of an endotracheal aspirate (ETA) real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay for the diagnosis of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with suspected pneumonia.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of a prospective cohort in a 28-bed medical ICU. Adult patients who underwent both ETA and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) sampling for P.

Physical and Cognitive Impairments at ICU Discharge are Associated with High Long-Term Mortality in ICU Survivors with Solid Malignancies: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Many ICU survivors experience post-ICU physical, cognitive, or mental impairments. In ICU survivors with solid malignancies, post-ICU impairments can impede further cancer treatments and negatively impact their outcomes. This study aimed to investigate post-ICU mortalities and their risk factors at ICU discharge in ICU survivors with solid malignancies.

Association Between Initial Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction and Clinical Outcome in Sepsis: A Multicenter Cohort Study.

Objectives: To investigate the association between the severities of left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction and clinical outcomes in patients with sepsis, with a particular focus on in-hospital mortality.

Design: Multicenter cohort study.

Setting: Nineteen tertiary or university-affiliated hospitals in South Korea.

High Tidal Volume Variability Is Associated With Worse Outcomes in Patients With ARDS.

The impact of spontaneous breathing during mechanical ventilation on the outcome of ARDS has yet to be established. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of tidal volume variability on ventilator-free days in mechanically ventilated subjects with ARDS using high-resolution tidal volume data collected through patient monitors. This single-center, retrospective cohort study included adult subjects with ARDS who received mechanical ventilation in our medical ICU between April 2018 and July 2019.

Physiological effects of bi-level high-flow nasal cannula in healthy individuals: a proof of concept trial.

Background: High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) delivers a continuous, unidirectional high flow of oxygen (Uniflow) throughout the respiratory cycle. Despite its positive pressure effects in the nasopharynx, the persistent high flow during expiration imposes additional work of breathing and disrupts the patient's neural respiratory cycle. We devised a bi-level high-flow system (Biflow) allowing separate flow rate adjustments for inspiration and expiration.

Corticosteroid Therapy for Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage with Respiratory Failure in Hematologic Malignancies: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Although DAH in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients is commonly treated with systemic corticosteroids, the efficacy of steroid therapy on DAH with respiratory failure in hematologic malignancy patients has not been studied. We aimed to investigate the effectiveness of steroid therapy in hematologic malignancy patients who developed DAH with respiratory failure and required treatment in the intensive care unit (ICU).

Methods: Among DAH patients with leukemia, lymphoma, or multiple myeloma, those who were not admitted to the ICU were excluded.

Impact of the National Early Warning Score-based sepsis response system on hospital-onset sepsis in a tertiary hospital in South Korea.

Background: The effectiveness of electronic medical record-based alert systems, response protocols for sepsis diagnosis, and treatment in hospitalized patients remains unclear. This study aimed to determine whether the introduction of an electronic medical record-based sepsis response protocol (SRP) along with a 24/7 operating rapid response system affects the prognosis for patients with hospital-onset sepsis.

Methods: In August 2022, a SRP based on the National Early Warning Score was implemented in the electronic medical record system at Asan Medical Center.

The impact of withholding and withdrawal life-sustaining treatment issues on patients with sepsis: a prospective, nationwide, multicenter cohort study.

Approximately half of the patients with sepsis require intensive care unit (ICU) management and their mortality rate remains high. The concept of withholding and withdrawal life-sustaining treatment (WWLST) issue was introduced to limit the suffering of critically ill patients. However, little is known about the characteristics and outcomes of WWLST in patients with sepsis.

Impact of Elevated Troponin Level at the Time of Sepsis Recognition on the Clinical Outcomes: A Propensity Score-Matched Cohort Study.

Background: Sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction, known as septic cardiomyopathy, is a common complication associated with increased mortality. Cardiac troponins serve as markers for myocardial injury and are frequently elevated in patients with sepsis. However, the role of troponin elevation at sepsis recognition in risk stratification remains controversial.

Epidemiology and risk factors of fungal pathogens in sepsis: a prospective nationwide multicenter cohort study.

Background: The incidence of sepsis with identified fungal pathogens is increasing and is associated with higher morbidity and mortality. Co-infection with fungal infections in COVID-19 patients is attracting clinical attention. This study examines the epidemiology, risk factors, and outcomes among sepsis patients with identified fungal pathogens.

Clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of sepsis in patients with malignancy.

Sepsis is a severe complication in patients with malignant tumors, leading to high mortality and increased need for intensive care. This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and prognostic factors influencing sepsis outcomes in patients with malignant tumors. We included 4,858 patients with cancer diagnosed with sepsis between September 2019 and February 2020 whose data were collected from the Korean Sepsis Alliance, a nationwide multicenter cohort study.

Proteome signature for differential diagnosis of patients with bilateral lung infiltrates.

Background: The differential diagnosis of bilateral lung infiltrates and prognosis prediction can be challenging for clinicians in the intensive care unit (ICU). We analysed the proteome from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and determined its usefulness for evaluating the infectious causes and mortality associated with bilateral lung infiltrates.

Methods: In the ICU cohort, 136 patients with bilateral infiltrate on chest radiographs were selected, and bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed.

Culture-negative sepsis may be a different entity from culture-positive sepsis: a prospective nationwide multicenter cohort study.

Background: The distinction between culture-positive sepsis and culture-negative sepsis regarding clinical characteristics and outcomes remains contentious. We aimed to elucidate these differences using large-scale nationwide data.

Methods: This prospective cohort study analyzed data from the Korean Sepsis Alliance registry, comprising 21 intensive care units (ICUs) across 20 hospitals from September 2019 to December 2021.

Short-term and long-term outcomes of critically ill patients with solid malignancy: a retrospective cohort study.

Background/aims: With the global increase in patients with solid malignancies, it is helpful to understand the outcomes of intensive care unit (ICU) admission for these patients. This study evaluated the risk factors for ICU mortality and the shortand long-term outcomes in patients with solid malignancies who had unplanned ICU admission.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients with solid malignancies treated at the medical ICU of a single tertiary center in South Korea between 2016 and 2022.

Impact of the timing of invasive mechanical ventilation in patients with sepsis: a multicenter cohort study.

Background: The potential adverse effects associated with invasive mechanical ventilation (MV) can lead to delayed decisions on starting MV. We aimed to explore the association between the timing of MV and the clinical outcomes in patients with sepsis ventilated in intensive care unit (ICU).

Methods: We analyzed data of adult patients with sepsis between September 2019 and December 2021.

ChatGPT Predicts In-Hospital All-Cause Mortality for Sepsis: In-Context Learning with the Korean Sepsis Alliance Database.

Objectives: Sepsis is a leading global cause of mortality, and predicting its outcomes is vital for improving patient care. This study explored the capabilities of ChatGPT, a state-of-the-art natural language processing model, in predicting in-hospital mortality for sepsis patients.

Methods: This study utilized data from the Korean Sepsis Alliance (KSA) database, collected between 2019 and 2021, focusing on adult intensive care unit (ICU) patients and aiming to determine whether ChatGPT could predict all-cause mortality after ICU admission at 7 and 30 days.

Early detection of low QRS voltage and its association with mortality in patients with sepsis.

Various electrocardiographic changes occur during sepsis, but data on the clinical importance of a low QRS voltage in sepsis are still limited. We aimed to evaluate the association between low QRS voltage identified early in sepsis and mortality in patients with sepsis. Between September 2019 and December 2020, all consecutive adult patients diagnosed with sepsis in the emergency room or general ward at Samsung Medical Center were enrolled.

The association of arterial partial oxygen pressure with mortality in critically ill sepsis patients: a nationwide observational cohort study.

Background: Although several trials were conducted to optimize the oxygenation range in intensive care unit (ICU) patients, no studies have yet reached a universal recommendation on the optimal a partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood (PaO) range in patients with sepsis. Our aim was to evaluate whether a relatively high arterial oxygen tension is associated with longer survival in sepsis patients compared with conservative arterial oxygen tension.

Methods: From the Korean Sepsis Alliance nationwide registry, patients treated with liberal PaO (PaO ≥ 80 mm Hg) were 1:1 matched with those treated with conservative PaO (PaO < 80 mm Hg) over the first three days after ICU admission according to the propensity score.