Pneumothorax in newborns: a cohort study from three NICUs.

Objective: To assess pneumothorax prevalence in neonates across gestational age (GA) categories, identify associated variables, and examine the impact of bubble CPAP (b-CPAP) implementation.

Study Design: A cohort of 58,706 infants born at three hospitals over six years was analyzed, grouped by GA: ≥35 weeks, 29-34 weeks, and ≤28 weeks. Pneumothorax cases were matched with controls, and prevalence before and after b-CPAP adoption was compared.

Racial disparities and outcomes in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.

Objectives: To investigate racial disparities in the prevalence, severity, intervention, and outcomes of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) among neonates in the United States.

Study Design: We analyzed data from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) dataset, including full-term infants diagnosed with HIE from 2010 to 2018. Regression analysis was performed to control for clinical and demographic variables.

Effectiveness and Safety of Dexmedetomidine in Neonates With Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy Undergoing Therapeutic Hypothermia.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the effectiveness and safety of dexmedetomidine as monotherapy between neonates with mild hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) and moderate to severe HIE treated with therapeutic hypothermia (TH).

Methods: This retrospective study included neonates of gestational age ≥36 weeks with a diagnosis of HIE and undergoing TH between January 2014 and December 2021. Patients were included if they received at least 6 hours of continuous sedation with dexmedetomidine.

Glucose instability and outcomes of neonates with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy undergoing therapeutic hypothermia.

Background: To investigate the prevalence and associated outcomes of glucose abnormalities in infants with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) undergoing therapeutic hypothermia (TH).

Methods: Glucose values were reviewed in all HIE infants. Pearson's correlation was used to assess the association of hypo- and hyperglycemic episodes with neonatal brain MRI and neurodevelopmental outcomes (NDO) at 12 & 24 months.

Acute kidney injury in infants with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in infants with varying degrees of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) and its associated outcomes, including mortality and length of stay (LOS).

Methods: The study used the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) dataset from 2010 to 2018. Regression analysis was used to control confounding variables.

Trends of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy prevalence and associated risk factors in the United States, 2010 to 2018.

Background: Despite recent advances in perinatal care, neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy remains one of the most common causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality. The trends for prevalence and mortality of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy have not been examined in the era of therapeutic hypothermia in the United States.

Objective: This study aimed to determine (1) the overall and gestational age-specific (35-36, ≥37, and >42 weeks) trends of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy prevalence and use of therapeutic hypothermia, (2) the trends of mortality in association with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, (3) the confounding variables associated with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, and (4) the clinical outcomes of neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.

Pneumothorax prevalence and mortality per gestational age in the newborn.

Objectives: Pneumothorax (PTX) in newborns is a life-threatening condition associated with high morbidity and mortality especially in premature infants. The frequency of PTX in neonates at different gestational ages (GA) and its impact on neonatal mortality have not been quantified. We aimed to determine: (1) the prevalence of PTX in neonates at different GA from ≤24 to ≥37 weeks, (2) the impact of PTX on mortality per GA, and (3) the impact of PTX on the length of stay (LOS) per GA.

Pneumothorax in the newborn: clinical presentation, risk factors and outcomes.

Objective: We aimed to compare clinical presentation and risk factors associated with the development of pneumothorax among newborns of different birth weight (BW) categories.

Methods: We collected clinical and respiratory data on all newborns diagnosed with pneumothorax over a 10-year period. Infants were classified into two groups with BW ≥ 2500 g and <2500 g.

Is it a safe practice to administer oxygen during uncomplicated delivery: a randomized controlled trial?

Background: Newborns exposed to oxygen suffer from an oxidative stress with significant alterations in the concentrations of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSSG).

Objective: To investigate the biological and clinical effects of oxygen administration to delivering mothers.

Methods: We conducted a randomized, double-blinded, controlled trial on a cohort of delivering women (n=56) with an uncomplicated term pregnancy.

Prevalence and risk factors for childhood asthma in Zonguldak, Turkey.

Prevalence of asthma and other allergic diseases varies between different regions throughout the world. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of asthma and allergies and some risk factors for asthma in schoolchildren, aged between 6 and 16 years old, in Zonguldak, Turkey. We prepared 1500 questionnaires according to the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood criteria and distributed them in schools, to be completed at home by parents.

Effects of inhaled corticosteroids on growth in asthmatic children: a comparison of fluticasone propionate with budesonide.

In asthmatic children inhaled corticosteroids are widely used. However, there are some concerns about the systemic adverse effects of these drugs, especially in the growing child. We performed this prospective study in order to compare the effects of 400 microg/day of budesonide (BUD) and 250 microg/day of fluticasone propionate (FP) on growth in prepubertal (aged 4-11.

Investigation of human colostrum Helicobacter pylori IgA content in lactating women.

Objective: The objective was to investigate the colostral H. pylori-specific IgA content in a sample of the female population in Turkey where a high endemicity for H. pylori has always been reported.

Midline cleft of the lower lip associated with Robinow syndrome.

Robinow syndrome (also named "fetal face syndrome") includes a series of anomalies including mesomelic brachymelia, bifid terminal phalanges of the hands and feet, abnormalities of vertebrae and ribs, and hypoplastic external genitalia. A midline cleft of the lower lip and mandible is an extremely rare maxillofacial deformity. Seventy cases have so far been described to our knowledge.

Prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and associated symptoms in 3--11-year-old Turkish children.

Our objective was to investigate the prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in 3-11-year-old Turkish children. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Zonguldak, northwestern Turkey. Symptomatic children were identified by using a self-administered questionnaire and were classified into three groups: nonsnorers, occasional snorers, and habitual snorers.

Metaphyseal enchondrodysplasia with 2-hydroxy-glutaric aciduria: observation of a third case and further delineation.

In the course of evaluating a 17 months old boy with waddling gait and swollen joints, we found generalized, severe ossification defects in the metaphyses of his long bones. The differential diagnosis included nutritional or genetic rickets, metaphyseal dysplasia, and enchondrodysplasia. Calcium, phosphate and alkaline phosphatase were normal, while targeted analysis of urinary organic acids repeatedly revealed excretion of 2-hydroxy-glutaric acid.

Gallbladder and urinary tract precipitations associated with ceftriaxone therapy in children: a prospective study.

The incidence and outcome of gallbladder and urinary tract complications in children receiving ceftriaxone therapy were evaluated prospectively. The subjects were given intravenous ceftriaxone, 100 mg/kg/day, in two divided doses infused over 20-30-minute periods, for 5-14 days. Serial abdominal ultrasonography revealed gallbladder and urinary tract precipitations in five of 35 children, three of whom had gallbladder pseudolithiasis, one gallbladder sludge and one gallbladder pseudolithiasis and urinary bladder sludge.

Effect of iodine supplementation on goiter prevalence among the pediatric population in a severely iodine deficient area.

We evaluated goiter status and urinary iodine excretion (UIC) of 304 school-children (7-12 years old) 3 years after a law was passed for mandatory production of iodinated salt in an area previously characterized by severe iodine deficiency in Zonguldak, a mountainous city in the West Black Sea region in Turkey. We examined all the children for goiter by palpation, measured sonographic thyroid volumes (STV) and UIC. Eighty-two percent of families had been using iodinated salt.

Isovaleric acidaemia: cranial CT and MRI findings.

Isovaleric acidaemia is an inborn error of leucine metabolism due to deficiency of isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase, which results in accumulation of isovaleric acid in body fluids. There are acute and chronic-intermittent forms of the disease. We present the cranial CT and MRI findings of a 19-month-old girl with the chronic-intermittent form of isovaleric acidaemia.